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G673 Acer saccharinum - Platanus occidentalis - Liquidambar styraciflua Floodplain Forest Group

Type Concept Sentence: This complex and widespread group of floodplain forests is dominated by some combination of Acer saccharinum, Betula nigra, Celtis laevigata, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Platanus occidentalis, and Ulmus americana. Stands are found in a broad band in the northeastern and middle parts of the eastern United States from southern New England and the Ontario lakeplains of New York south and west through the Interior Low Plateau of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Kentucky to the Ozarks of Arkansas and Missouri.


Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Acer saccharinum - Platanus occidentalis - Liquidambar styraciflua Floodplain Forest Group

Colloquial Name: South Central-Appalachian-Northeast Floodplain Forest

Hierarchy Level:  Group

Type Concept: Stands of these floodplain forests are dominated by some combination of Acer saccharinum, Betula nigra, Celtis laevigata, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Platanus occidentalis, and Ulmus americana. Other species that may be present include Acer negundo. This complex and widespread group is found in a broad band in the northeastern and middle parts of the eastern United States from southern New England and the Ontario lakeplains of New York south and west through the Interior Low Plateau of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Kentucky to the Ozarks of Arkansas and Missouri.

Diagnostic Characteristics: Stands are dominated by some combination of Acer saccharinum, Betula nigra, Celtis laevigata, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Platanus occidentalis, and Ulmus americana. They occur over a broad range broad band in the northeastern and middle parts of the eastern United States from southern New England and the Ontario lakeplains of New York south and west through the Interior Low Plateau of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Kentucky to the Ozarks of Arkansas and Missouri. Some associations range south into the upper plains from Alabama to Arkansas.

Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available

Classification Comments: This is a complex and widespread group of floodplain forests ranging from southern New England to the Ozarks. Eastern North American floodplain forests contain a diverse suite of dominant tree species with wide ranges, and they resist subdivision into neat groups and alliances. Some readjustment may be necessary. Some associations currently assigned to these alliances range south into the upper coastal plains from Alabama to Arkansas, and this may require review.

Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available

Physiognomy and Structure: These are typically closed-canopy forests, with canopy gaps occurring due to storm and flooding damage. There is usually a well-developed subcanopy as well. At topographically lower sites, the shrub layer is often sparse; on higher surfaces, it may be moderately dense. Vines are common.

Floristics: Stands are dominated by some combination of Acer saccharinum, Betula nigra, Celtis laevigata, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Platanus occidentalis, and Ulmus americana. Some characteristic and typical shrubs and small trees include Alnus serrulata, Asimina triloba, Carpinus caroliniana, Cephalanthus occidentalis (in wetter areas), Cornus amomum, Ilex decidua, Leucothoe fontanesiana, Lindera benzoin, Physocarpus opulifolius, Viburnum prunifolium, and others. In addition, Arundinaria gigantea may be present in some stands. Characteristic and typical forbs and graminoids may include Ageratina altissima, Boehmeria cylindrica, Carex spp., Chasmanthium latifolium, Cryptotaenia canadensis, Dichanthelium clandestinum, Elymus virginicus, Impatiens capensis, Laportea canadensis, Leersia virginica, Pilea pumila, Polygonum virginianum, Rudbeckia laciniata, Verbesina alternifolia, and many others, depending on biogeography and hydroperiod. Invasive introduced species such as Alliaria petiolata, Glechoma hederacea, Humulus japonicus, Microstegium vimineum, Stellaria media, and Urtica dioica ssp. dioica are often rampant.

Dynamics:  No Data Available

Environmental Description:  These forests occur on large river floodplains, where they occupy banks and first bottoms of major rivers with nutrient-rich silt loams, sand loams, and sands that are temporarily inundated, annually or less often, in major flood events.

Geographic Range: This group of floodplain forests is found across a broad band in the northeastern and middle parts of the eastern United States from southern New England and the Ontario lakeplains of New York south and west through Interior Low Plateau of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Kentucky to the Ozarks of Arkansas and Missouri, and the Crosstimbers of Oklahoma. Some associations range south into the upper coastal plains from Alabama to Arkansas.

Nations: CA,US

States/Provinces:  AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, GA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MA, MD, MO, MS, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OK, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV




Confidence Level: Moderate

Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available

Grank: GNR

Greasons: No Data Available

Type Name Database Code Classification Code
Class 1 Forest & Woodland Class C01 1
Subclass 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass S15 1.B
Formation 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation F026 1.B.3
Division 1.B.3.Na Eastern North American-Great Plains Flooded & Swamp Forest Division D011 1.B.3.Na
Macrogroup 1.B.3.Na.1 Silver Maple - American Sycamore - Hackberry species Floodplain Forest Macrogroup M029 1.B.3.Na.1
Group 1.B.3.Na.1.b <i>Acer saccharinum - Platanus occidentalis - Liquidambar styraciflua</i> Floodplain Forest Group G673 1.B.3.Na.1.b
Alliance A3408 <i>Quercus palustris - Quercus bicolor</i> Floodplain Forest Alliance A3408 1.B.3.Na.1.b
Alliance A3697 Silver Maple - Box-elder Appalachian-Piedmont Floodplain Forest Alliance A3697 1.B.3.Na.1.b
Alliance A3698 River Birch - American Sycamore - Silver Maple Ozark & West Gulf Riverfront Forest Alliance A3698 1.B.3.Na.1.b
Alliance A3699 River Birch - American Sycamore Appalachian-Piedmont Floodplain Forest Alliance A3699 1.B.3.Na.1.b
Alliance A3700 Green Ash - American Sycamore - Silver Maple Ozark-Ouachita Floodplain Forest Alliance A3700 1.B.3.Na.1.b
Alliance A3701 American Sycamore - Green Ash - Tuliptree Central Appalachian-Piedmont Floodplain Forest Alliance A3701 1.B.3.Na.1.b
Alliance A3702 American Sycamore - Sweetgum - Tuliptree Southern Appalachian Floodplain Forest Alliance A3702 1.B.3.Na.1.b
Alliance A4473 <i>Acer saccharinum - Populus deltoides</i> East-Central Floodplain Forest Alliance A4473 1.B.3.Na.1.b

Concept Lineage: G040 split into G673, G652 & G653 (DFL 7-23-12)

Predecessors: No Data Available

Obsolete Names: No Data Available

Obsolete Parents: No Data Available

Synonomy: No Data Available

Concept Author(s): Faber-Langendoen et al.

Author of Description: M. Pyne

Acknowledgements: No Data Available

Version Date: 05-19-15

  • Faber-Langendoen, D., J. Drake, S. Gawler, M. Hall, C. Josse, G. Kittel, S. Menard, C. Nordman, M. Pyne, M. Reid, L. Sneddon, K. Schulz, J. Teague, M. Russo, K. Snow, and P. Comer, editors. 2010-2019a. Divisions, Macrogroups and Groups for the Revised U.S. National Vegetation Classification. NatureServe, Arlington, VA. plus appendices. [in preparation]