Print Report

CEGL002233 Typha spp. Midwest Marsh

Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available

Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Cattail species Midwest Marsh

Colloquial Name: Midwest Cattail Deep Marsh

Hierarchy Level:  Association

Type Concept: This community type is found in deep marshes throughout the midwestern United States and Canada. The vegetation is dominated by relatively pure stands of Typha spp., which historically was Typha latifolia, but increasingly also the invasive Typha angustifolia or both. Many associates could occur. This type may simply be a less diverse variation of ~Typha spp. - Schoenoplectus acutus - Mixed Herbs Midwest Marsh (CEGL002229)$$, or is a ruderal type resulting from human disturbance to wetlands.

Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available

Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available

Classification Comments: This type extends throughout the eastern forest regions and the tallgrass prairie province, but not further west. It is unclear whether a separate Typha-dominated type is needed in addition to the mixed Typha - Scirpus type (e.g., ~Typha spp. - Schoenoplectus acutus - Mixed Herbs Midwest Marsh (CEGL002229)$$), as well as separate Scirpus-dominated types (e.g., ~Schoenoplectus acutus - (Bolboschoenus fluviatilis) Freshwater Marsh (CEGL002225)$$). Pure Typha stands, depending on site conditions, are also perceived as degraded examples of the mixed type. Throughout its range, where Typha spp. form pure stands, the species may be Typha angustifolia or Typha x glauca, especially in culturally disturbed marshes. Typha latifolia is more common in undisturbed marshes, where it more typically occurs with other species, especially Carices (R. Dana pers. comm. 1999). Typha angustifolia is now widely thought to be only native to the east coast, in more saline influenced habitats (Freeland et al. 2013).

Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available

Floristics: This deepwater emergent marsh community is dominated by perennial, coarse-leaved graminoid vegetation. Stands may vary from a mosaic of emergents, submergents, and floating-leaved plants interspersed with areas of open water to dense stands of emergents (Harris et al. 1996). They may display substantial areas of open water, but vegetation covers at least 30% of the surface. The vegetation is dominated by relatively pure stands of Typha spp., either Typha latifolia or Typha angustifolia or both. Many associates could occur.

Dynamics:  No Data Available
Environmental Description:  These wetlands are found in glacial potholes, river valleys, ponds, depressions and on lakeplains. They are characterized by more-or-less continuous inundation and are considered a deep marsh. Water depth averages 0.3-0.6 m, ranging from several centimeters to more than one meter for a significant part of the growing season.
Geographic Range: This community type is found in deep marshes throughout the midwestern United States, from Ohio and Ontario west to North Dakota, south to Kansas, and east to Indiana.

Nations: CA,US

States/Provinces:  IA, IL, IN, KS, MI, MN, MO, ND, NE, OH, ON, SD, WI


Confidence Level: Low

Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G5

Greasons: No Data Available
Type Name Database Code Classification Code
Class 2 Shrub & Herb Vegetation Class C02 2
Subclass 2.C Shrub & Herb Wetland Subclass S44 2.C
Formation 2.C.4 Temperate to Polar Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Formation F013 2.C.4
Division 2.C.4.Nd Eastern North American Temperate Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Division D323 2.C.4.Nd
Macrogroup 2.C.4.Nd.2 Broadleaf Cattail - White Snakeroot - Rush species Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Macrogroup M069 2.C.4.Nd.2
Group 2.C.4.Nd.2.a Bulrush species - Cattail species Freshwater Marsh Group G125 2.C.4.Nd.2.a
Alliance A1436 Narrowleaf Cattail - Broadleaf Cattail - Bulrush species Deep Marsh Alliance A1436 2.C.4.Nd.2.a
Association CEGL002233 Cattail species Midwest Marsh CEGL002233 2.C.4.Nd.2.a
Concept Lineage: No Data Available

Predecessors: No Data Available

Obsolete Names: No Data Available

Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Typha spp. Midwest Herbaceous Vegetation (Diamond et al. 2013)
= Typha spp. Midwest Herbaceous Vegetation (Faber-Langendoen 2001) [Deep Marsh Cattail Subtype]
= Cattail Marsh (MNNHP 1993)
Concept Author(s): D. Faber-Langendoen (2001)

Author of Description: D. Faber-Langendoen

Acknowledgements: No Data Available

Version Date: 01-31-00
  • Diamond, D. D., L. F. Elliott, M. D. DeBacker, K. M. James, D. L. Pursell, and A. Struckhoff. 2013. Vegetation mapping and classification of Pea Ridge National Military Park. Natural Resource Report NPS/PERI/NRR--2013/649. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 88 pp.
  • Faber-Langendoen, D., editor. 2001. Plant communities of the Midwest: Classification in an ecological context. Association for Biodiversity Information, Arlington, VA. 61 pp. plus appendix (705 pp.).
  • Freeland, J., C Ciotir, and H. Kirk. 2013. Regional differences in the abundance of native, introduced, and hybrid Typha spp. in northeastern North America influence wetland invasions. Biological Invasions 15: 1377-1390
  • Harris, A. G., S. C. McMurray, P. W. C. Uhlig, J. K. Jeglum, R. F. Foster, and G. D. Racey. 1996. Field guide to the wetland ecosystem classification for northwestern Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Northwest Science and Technology, Thunder Bay, Ontario. Field guide FG-01. 74 pp. plus appendix.
  • Hop, K., D. Faber-Langendoen, M. Lew-Smith, N. Aaseng, and S. Lubinski. [1999]. USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program: Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota. USDI U.S. Geological Survey, La Crosse, WI. 210 pp.
  • Hop, K., J. Drake, A. Strassman, E. Hoy, J. Jakusz, S. Menard, and J. Dieck. 2013. National Park Service Vegetation Inventory Program: Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio. Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/HTLN/NRT--2013/792. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 302 pp.
  • Hop, K., S. Lubinski, J. Dieck, J. Drake, and S. Menard. 2009. National Park Service Vegetation Inventory Program: Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Indiana. USDI U.S. Geological Survey, La Crosse, WI, and NatureServe, St. Paul, MN. 312 pp.
  • INAI [Iowa Natural Areas Inventory]. 2017. Vegetation classification of Iowa. Iowa Natural Areas Inventory, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines.
  • Kost, M. A., D. A. Albert, J. G. Cohen, B. S. Slaughter, R. K. Schillo, C. R. Weber, and K. A. Chapman. 2007. Natural communities of Michigan: Classification and description. Report No. 2007-21, Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Lansing. 314 pp. [http://web4.msue.msu.edu/mnfi/reports/2007-21_Natural_Communites_of_Michigan_Classification_and_Description.pdf]
  • Lauver, C. L., K. Kindscher, D. Faber-Langendoen, and R. Schneider. 1999. A classification of the natural vegetation of Kansas. The Southwestern Naturalist 44:421-443.
  • Lee, H., W. Bakowsky, J. Riley, J. Bowles, M. Puddister, P. Uhlig, and S. McMurray. 1998. Ecological land classification for southern Ontario: First approximation and its application. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Southcentral Science Section, Science Development and Transfer Branch. SCSS Field Guide FG-02.
  • MNNHP [Minnesota Natural Heritage Program]. 1993. Minnesota''s native vegetation: A key to natural communities. Version 1.5. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program, St. Paul, MN. 110 pp.
  • Midwestern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Minneapolis, MN.
  • Minnesota DNR [Minnesota Department of Natural Resources]. 2003-2005a. Field guide to the native plant communities of Minnesota. Three volumes: The Laurentian Mixed Forest Province (2003), The Eastern Broadleaf Forest Province (2005c), The Prairie Parkland and Tallgrass Aspen Parklands provinces (2005b). Ecological Land Classification Program, Minnesota County Biological Survey, and Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul.
  • Minnesota DNR [Minnesota Department of Natural Resources]. 2005b. Field guide to the native plant communities of Minnesota: The Prairie Parkland and Tallgrass Aspen Parklands provinces. Ecological Land Classification Program, Minnesota County Biological Survey, and Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul.
  • Nelson, P. 2010. The terrestrial natural communities of Missouri. Revised edition. Missouri Natural Areas Committee, Department of Natural Resources and the Department of Conservation, Jefferson City.
  • ONHD [Ohio Natural Heritage Database]. No date. Vegetation classification of Ohio and unpublished data. Ohio Natural Heritage Database, Division of Natural Areas and Preserves, Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Columbus.
  • ONHIC [Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre]. 2018. Unpublished data. Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario, Canada.
  • Rolfsmeier, S. B., and G. Steinauer. 2010. Terrestrial ecological systems and natural communities of Nebraska (Version IV - March 9, 2010). Nebraska Natural Heritage Program, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. Lincoln, NE. 228 pp.
  • Steinauer, G., and S. Rolfsmeier. 2003. Terrestrial natural communities of Nebraska. (Version III - June 30, 2003). Nebraska Natural Heritage Program, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, Lincoln. 163 pp.
  • WDNR [Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources]. 2015. The ecological landscapes of Wisconsin: An assessment of ecological resources and a guide to planning sustainable management. PUB-SS-1131 2015. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison. [http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/landscapes/Book.html]
  • White, J., and M. Madany. 1978. Classification of natural communities in Illinois. Pages 311-405 in: Natural Areas Inventory technical report: Volume I, survey methods and results. Illinois Natural Areas Inventory, Urbana, IL.