Print Report
CEGL003924 Borrichia frutescens / (Spartina patens, Juncus roemerianus) Saline Shrubland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Bushy Seaside-tansy / (Saltmeadow Cordgrass, Black Needlerush) Saline Shrubland
Colloquial Name: Seaside-tansy Tidal Shrub Flat
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This association includes upper marsh edges and flats strongly dominated by Borrichia frutescens, ranging in size from narrow bands to flats in excess of 500 ha. It is broadly described to include vegetation ranging from the Mid- and South Atlantic Coast to the West Gulf Coast of the United States. Other characteristic species may include Spartina patens, Iva frutescens, and Limonium carolinianum. In Texas, the composition of this low-diversity, irregularly tidally flooded shrubland is variable and can include Distichlis spicata, Bolboschoenus robustus, Sporobolus virginicus, Monanthochloe littoralis, Atriplex matamorensis (in south Texas), Sarcocornia pacifica, Limonium carolinianum, Lycium carolinianum var. quadrifidum, Rayjacksonia phyllocephala, Prosopis reptans (in south Texas), and Batis maritima. Here, this community often occurs just above the lower tidal flat communities ~Batis maritima - Sarcocornia pacifica Saline Dwarf-shrubland (CEGL003956)$$ or ~Sarcocornia pacifica - (Batis maritima, Distichlis spicata) Saline Dwarf-shrubland (CEGL002278)$$.
This shrubland usually occurs as a very narrow band adjacent and below tidal shrublands. Two large examples of this association at Fort Pulaski, Georgia, are extensive enough to map and occur on tidal flats adjacent the extensive salt marsh communities of eastern Cockspur Island. Typically this community is monospecific, being made up almost exclusively of Borrichia frutescens.
This shrubland usually occurs as a very narrow band adjacent and below tidal shrublands. Two large examples of this association at Fort Pulaski, Georgia, are extensive enough to map and occur on tidal flats adjacent the extensive salt marsh communities of eastern Cockspur Island. Typically this community is monospecific, being made up almost exclusively of Borrichia frutescens.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: The relationship between this community and similar ~Borrichia frutescens / Spartina spartinae Saline Shrubland (CEGL004617)$$ is poorly documented. The ranges of these two communities overlap along the middle and south Texas coast where ~Borrichia frutescens / Spartina spartinae Saline Shrubland (CEGL004617)$$ appears to dominate less saline, higher ground than this community (CEGL003924).
NatureServe identified the perennial glasswort plants at Fort Pulaski as Sarcocornia pacifica using the recent key in Weakley (2007), which follows Flora of North America (FNA Editorial Committee 2003). The perennial glassworts on the U.S. East Coast have been called Sarcocornia perennis in the past (Kartesz 1999), and their taxonomy remains unsettled. Kartesz refers to Salicornia virginica and Sarcocornia perennis as Salicornia ambigua and restricts Sarcocornia pacifica to the Pacific coast. However, NatureServe now follows USDA Plants (2017) nomenclature in U.S. National Vegetation Classification community names and global descriptions, treating Salicornia virginica as Salicornia depressa and accepting Sarcocornia pacifica and Sarcocornia perennis.
NatureServe identified the perennial glasswort plants at Fort Pulaski as Sarcocornia pacifica using the recent key in Weakley (2007), which follows Flora of North America (FNA Editorial Committee 2003). The perennial glassworts on the U.S. East Coast have been called Sarcocornia perennis in the past (Kartesz 1999), and their taxonomy remains unsettled. Kartesz refers to Salicornia virginica and Sarcocornia perennis as Salicornia ambigua and restricts Sarcocornia pacifica to the Pacific coast. However, NatureServe now follows USDA Plants (2017) nomenclature in U.S. National Vegetation Classification community names and global descriptions, treating Salicornia virginica as Salicornia depressa and accepting Sarcocornia pacifica and Sarcocornia perennis.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This community is strongly dominated by Borrichia frutescens. Other characteristic species may include Spartina patens, Iva frutescens, Distichlis spicata, Bolboschoenus robustus (= Schoenoplectus robustus), Sporobolus virginicus, Monanthochloe littoralis, Sarcocornia pacifica, Limonium carolinianum, Lycium carolinianum var. quadrifidum, Rayjacksonia phyllocephala, and Batis maritima. In Texas, Spartina patens is a less important component of this community, but it often forms a fringe along the upper margin.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This association occurs along upper marsh edges and in tidal flats ranging in scale from narrow bands to hundreds of hectares. It is found along mainland shores and the bayside of barrier islands. In south Texas, it can also occur around the base of lomas.
Geographic Range: This association is found in coastal areas from North Carolina to Texas.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AL, FL, GA, LA?, MS, NC, SC, TX
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.687750
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G4
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 2 Shrub & Herb Vegetation Class | C02 | 2 |
| Subclass | 2.C Shrub & Herb Wetland Subclass | S44 | 2.C |
| Formation | 2.C.5 Salt Marsh Formation | F035 | 2.C.5 |
| Division | 2.C.5.Nb North American Atlantic & Gulf Coastal Salt Marsh Division | D034 | 2.C.5.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 2.C.5.Nb.1 North American Atlantic & Gulf Coastal Salt Marsh Macrogroup | M079 | 2.C.5.Nb.1 |
| Group | 2.C.5.Nb.1.c Saltmeadow Cordgrass - Jesuit''s-bark High Salt Marsh Group | G121 | 2.C.5.Nb.1.c |
| Alliance | A1026 Bushy Seaside-tansy Tidal Shrub Salt Marsh Alliance | A1026 | 2.C.5.Nb.1.c |
| Association | CEGL003924 Bushy Seaside-tansy / (Saltmeadow Cordgrass, Black Needlerush) Saline Shrubland | CEGL003924 | 2.C.5.Nb.1.c |
Concept Lineage: merged
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Borrichia frutescens / (Spartina patens, Juncus roemerianus) Shrubland (McManamay 2017b)
< Glasswort-Saltwort Series (Diamond 1993)
< Glasswort-Saltwort Series (Diamond 1993)
- Diamond, D. D. 1993. Classification of the plant communities of Texas (series level). Unpublished document. Texas Natural Heritage Program, Austin. 25 pp.
- FNA Editorial Committee [Flora of North America Editorial Committee], editors. 2003. Flora of North America, north of Mexico. Volume 4. Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1. Oxford University Press, New York. 559 pp.
- GNHP [Georgia Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data. Georgia Natural Heritage Program, Wildlife Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Social Circle.
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- Nelson, J. B. 1986. The natural communities of South Carolina: Initial classification and description. South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries, Columbia, SC. 55 pp.
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- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
- Weakley, A. S. 2007. Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and surrounding areas. Unpublished working draft of 11 January 2007. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. [http://www.herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm]