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CEGL007069 Pinus taeda - (Pinus echinata) - Quercus (pagoda, phellos) Wet Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Loblolly Pine - (Shortleaf Pine) - (Cherrybark Oak, Willow Oak) Wet Woodland
Colloquial Name: West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine - Oak Nonriverine Flatwoods
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This nonriverine woodland of the West Gulf Coastal Plain and Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain ecoregions is dominated by Pinus taeda with some combination of Pinus echinata and the nominal oaks, Quercus pagoda and Quercus phellos, and also with Quercus stellata. These are natural woodlands or forests that occur in nonriverine flatwoods environments. They occur on sites with a "hydroxeric" moisture regime, that is, significant intra-annual variation in site moisture - very wet in wet season (winter-spring) to very dry in the dry season (summer-fall). These sites typically occur on Pleistocene terraces that are primarily along the Ouachita and Red rivers and their tributaries. They are typically but not always above the current floodplain. In frequently-burned sites, this type occurs as a woodland, but in most cases today has succeeded to forest without sufficiently frequent fire. Open-land plant and animal species are typically high priority for conservation.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This association includes communities dominated by Pinus taeda, sometimes with the other described species, on flatwoods sites. It does not include Pinus taeda-dominated stands on rolling to hilly sites with mesic to xeric hydrology.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: Stands of this woodland or forest are dominated by Pinus taeda with some combination of Pinus echinata, Quercus pagoda, Quercus phellos, and/or Quercus stellata. Associated woody species include the trees Quercus alba, Quercus marilandica, and Quercus similis, with the shrubs Callicarpa americana, Hamamelis virginiana, and Vaccinium arboreum. Herbaceous species include Croton michauxii var. ellipticus (= Croton willdenowii), Dichanthelium aciculare, Dichanthelium scoparium, and Schizachyrium scoparium. Over 400 species have been recorded in this community (ANHC file data). Federally-listed species include the red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis), and Geocarpon minimum occurs, sometimes abundantly, in saline barrens which are embedded within this community. Approximately 25 other species of conservation concern have been recorded in examples of this association or in the saline barrens embedded within it.
Dynamics: This is a pine-hardwood flatwoods which should have a woodland structure under a natural fire regime. Under current conditions with a lack of fire, it will present a forest physiognomy. Stands in a woodland condition are rare in the current landscape. The overstory composition of stands attributed to this type suggest a fire-return interval of lower frequency than that associated with longleaf pine but similar to that of shortleaf pine forests. Many of the historical stands of this type have been converted to plantations or have had fire removed, resulting in conversion or succession to other types. Published references to loblolly - shortleaf mixed forest of the Coastal Plain of Arkansas (Cain and Shelton 1994) and eastern Texas (Halls and Homesley 1966) are from successional, fire-suppressed stands.
Environmental Description: These woodlands or forests typically occur in non-riverine flatwoods environments. They occur on sites with a "hydroxeric" moisture regime, that is, significant intra-annual variation in site moisture - very wet in wet season (winter-spring) to very dry in the dry season (summer-fall). They are typically found on Pleistocene terraces that are primarily along the Ouachita and Red rivers and their tributaries, and are typically but not always found above the current floodplain. As a result of extreme seasonal dryness of the flatwoods sites, frequent fire is an important process in this community. In frequently-burned sites, this type occurs as a woodland, but in most cases today has succeeded to forest with a lack of fire under current conditions. Plant and animal species that prefer open canopy conditions are typically high priorities for conservation.
Geographic Range: This association occurs west of the Mississippi River primarily in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain of Arkansas, Louisiana and presumably adjacent Texas, as well as possibly in the West Gulf Coastal Plain.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AR, LA, TX
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.946361
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G2G3
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Nb Southeastern North American Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D062 | 1.B.3.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Nb.2 Swamp Tupelo - Swamp Chestnut Oak - Bald-cypress Basin Swamp & Flatwoods Macrogroup | M033 | 1.B.3.Nb.2 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Nb.2.b Laurel Oak - Willow Oak - Loblolly Pine Wet Flatwoods Group | G130 | 1.B.3.Nb.2.b |
| Alliance | A4190 Loblolly Pine - Laurel Oak - Willow Oak West Gulf Coastal Plain Wet Flatwoods Forest Alliance | A4190 | 1.B.3.Nb.2.b |
| Association | CEGL007069 Loblolly Pine - (Shortleaf Pine) - (Cherrybark Oak, Willow Oak) Wet Woodland | CEGL007069 | 1.B.3.Nb.2.b |
Concept Lineage: Originated in part from CEGL004713.
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: No Data Available
- Cain, M. D., and M. G. Shelton. 1994. Indigenous vegetation in a southern Arkansas pine-hardwood forest after a half century without catastrophic disturbances. Natural Areas Journal 14:165-174.
- Foti, Tom. Personal communication. Ecologist [retired]. Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission, Little Rock.
- Halls, L. K., and W. B. Homesley. 1966. Stand composition in a mature pine-hardwood forest of southeastern Texas. Journal of Forestry 64:170-174.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
- TNC [The Nature Conservancy]. 2013a. Warren Prairie Natural Area. Plant community monitoring report. July 2013 monitoring. The Nature Conservancy, Little Rock, AR.
- TNC [The Nature Conservancy]. 2013b. Kingsland Prairie Natural Area. Plant community monitoring report. July 2013 monitoring. The Nature Conservancy, Little Rock, AR.