Print Report
A3903 Bolboschoenus maritimus - Schoenoplectus californicus Salt Marsh Alliance
Type Concept Sentence: This is an herbaceous tidal salt marsh alliance dominated by Schoenoplectus americanus, Schoenoplectus californicus, Bolboschoenus maritimus, and/or Schoenoplectus pungens. Stands may be of a single species or a mix of species. It occurs along the Pacific coast of North America.
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Cosmopolitan Bulrush - California Bulrush Salt Marsh Alliance
Colloquial Name: Pacific Coastal Bulrush Salt Marsh
Hierarchy Level: Alliance
Type Concept: This alliance consists of tidal salt marshes dominated by Schoenoplectus americanus, Schoenoplectus californicus, Bolboschoenus maritimus, and/or Schoenoplectus pungens. Stands may be a mix of species or may be monotypic. Other species present may include Calamagrostis nutkaensis, Juncus effusus, Polygonum amphibium, and Typha domingensis. Marshes are brackish to highly saline and found on estuaries, deflation plains and mudflats where numerous tidal streams have cut channels. Some stands are not flooded by tides but are flooded during storm surges. They occur along the Pacific coast of North America.
Diagnostic Characteristics: Tidal salt marshes dominated by Schoenoplectus americanus, Schoenoplectus californicus, Bolboschoenus maritimus, and/or Schoenoplectus pungens.
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Schoenoplectus maritimus is currently known as Bolboschoenus maritimus.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: Tidal herbaceous perennial graminoid-dominated vegetation generally <2 m in height.
Floristics: This alliance is dominated by Schoenoplectus americanus, Schoenoplectus californicus (= Scirpus californicus), Bolboschoenus maritimus (= Schoenoplectus maritimus), and/or Schoenoplectus pungens. Stands may be a mix of species or may be monotypic. Other species present may include Calamagrostis nutkaensis, Juncus effusus, Polygonum amphibium, and Typha domingensis.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: These are tidal marshes that are brackish to highly saline and found on estuaries, deflation plains and mudflats where numerous tidal streams have cut channels. Some stands are not flooded by tides but are flooded during storm surges Substrates are silt loam to moderately fine clay loam to fine sands.
Geographic Range: This alliance occurs along the coast of California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: BC, CA, OR, WA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.899954
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G5
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 2 Shrub & Herb Vegetation Class | C02 | 2 |
| Subclass | 2.C Shrub & Herb Wetland Subclass | S44 | 2.C |
| Formation | 2.C.5 Salt Marsh Formation | F035 | 2.C.5 |
| Division | 2.C.5.Nc Temperate & Boreal Pacific Coastal Salt Marsh Division | D035 | 2.C.5.Nc |
| Macrogroup | 2.C.5.Nc.1 North American Pacific Coastal Salt Marsh Macrogroup | M081 | 2.C.5.Nc.1 |
| Group | 2.C.5.Nc.1.a Lyngbye''s Sedge - Cosmopolitan Bulrush - Sea-milkwort Salt Marsh Group | G499 | 2.C.5.Nc.1.a |
| Alliance | A3903 Cosmopolitan Bulrush - California Bulrush Salt Marsh Alliance | A3903 | 2.C.5.Nc.1.a |
| Association | CEGL003287 Cosmopolitan Bulrush Tidal Salt Marsh | CEGL003287 | 2.C.5.Nc.1.a |
| Association | CEGL003367 (Chairmaker''s Bulrush, Common Threesquare) Tidal Salt Marsh | CEGL003367 | 2.C.5.Nc.1.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: > Bolboschoenus maritimus Herbaceous Alliance (CNPS 2017) [52.112.00]
> Bulboschoenus maritimus (Salt marsh bulrush marshes) Alliance (Sawyer et al. 2009) [52.112.00]
> Schoenoplectus californicus (California bulrush marsh) Alliance (Sawyer et al. 2009) [52.114.00]
> Schoenoplectus californicus Herbaceous Alliance (CNPS 2017) [52.114.00]
>< Bulrush series (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995)
>< Bulrush-cattail series (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995)
>< Cismontane Alkali Marsh (#52310) (Holland 1986b)
>< Coastal Brackish Marsh (#52200) (Holland 1986b)
>< Coastal and Valley Freshwater Marsh (#52410) (Holland 1986b)
>< Transmontane Alkali Marsh (#52320) (Holland 1986b)
>< Transmontane Freshwater Marsh (#52420) (Holland 1986b)
> Bulboschoenus maritimus (Salt marsh bulrush marshes) Alliance (Sawyer et al. 2009) [52.112.00]
> Schoenoplectus californicus (California bulrush marsh) Alliance (Sawyer et al. 2009) [52.114.00]
> Schoenoplectus californicus Herbaceous Alliance (CNPS 2017) [52.114.00]
>< Bulrush series (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995)
>< Bulrush-cattail series (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995)
>< Cismontane Alkali Marsh (#52310) (Holland 1986b)
>< Coastal Brackish Marsh (#52200) (Holland 1986b)
>< Coastal and Valley Freshwater Marsh (#52410) (Holland 1986b)
>< Transmontane Alkali Marsh (#52320) (Holland 1986b)
>< Transmontane Freshwater Marsh (#52420) (Holland 1986b)
- Baye, P. R., P. M. Faber, and B. Grewell. 2000. Tidal marsh plants of the San Francisco estuary. Pages 9-33 in: P. R. Olofson, editor. Baylands ecosystem species and community profiles: Life histories and environmental requirements of key plants, fish and wildlife. San Francisco Bay Area Wetlands Ecosystem Goals Project, San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board, Oakland, CA.
- CNPS [California Native Plant Society]. 2015-2017. A manual of California vegetation [online]. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, CA. [http://vegetation.cnps.org/].
- California Coastal Conservancy. 2006. Description of typical southern California estuarine ecosystems, Ballona Wetlands design charrette. California Coastal Conservancy, Oakland, CA.
- Duke, R. R., P. J. Boursier, E. Webb, M. Busnardo, J. Bourgeois, and A. Dilworth. 1999. Marsh plant associations of south San Francisco Bay: 1999 comparative study. Report for City of San Jose, H. T. Harvey and Associates, San Jose, CA.
- Evens, J., and S. San. 2006. Vegetation alliances of the San Dieguito River Park region, San Diego County, California. Final report (August 2005) Version 2 (revised May 2006). Prepared by California Native Plant Society in cooperation with the California Natural Heritage Program of the California Department of Fish and Game and San Diego Chapter of the California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, CA. 271 pp.
- Faber-Langendoen, D., J. Drake, M. Hall, G. Kittel, S. Menard, C. Nordman, M. Pyne, M. Reid, M. Russo, K. Schulz, L. Sneddon, K. Snow, and J. Teague. 2013-2019b. Screening alliances for induction into the U.S. National Vegetation Classification: Part 1 - Alliance concept review. NatureServe, Arlington, VA.
- Ferren, W. R., P. L. Fiedler, and R. A. Leidy. 1996b. Wetlands of California. Madroño 43:105-125.
- Grewell, B. J., J. C. Callaway, and W. C. Ferren. 2007. Estuarine wetlands. Pages 124-154 in: M. G. Barbour, T. Keeler-Wolf and A. A. Schoenherr, editors. Terrestrial vegetation of California, third edition. University of California Press, Berkeley.
- Hickson, D., and T. Keeler-Wolf. 2007. Vegetation and land use classification and map of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. Prepared for the Bay Delta Region, California Department of Fish and Game by the Vegetation Classification and Mapping Program, California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento. 152 pp. plus appendices.
- Holland, R. F. 1986b. Preliminary descriptions of the terrestrial natural communities of California. Unpublished report prepared for the California Department of Fish and Game, Nongame-Heritage Program and Natural Diversity Database, Sacramento. 156 pp.
- Holstein, G. 2000. Plant communities ecotonal to the baylands. Pages 49-67 in: P. R. Olofson, editor. Baylands ecosystem species and community profiles: Life histories and environmental requirements of key plants, fish and wildlife. Prepared by the San Francisco Bay Area Wetlands Ecosystem Goals Project, San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board, Oakland, CA.
- Junak, S., D. A. Knapp, J. R. Haller, R. Philbrick, A. Schoenherr and T. Keeler-Wolf. 2007. The Channel Islands. Chapter 9 in: M. G. Barbour, T. Keeler-Wolf and A. A. Schoenherr, editors. Terrestrial vegetation of California, third edition. University of California Press, Berkeley.
- Keeler-Wolf, T., and J. Evens. 2006. Vegetation classification of the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area and environs in Ventura and Los Angeles counties, California. A report submitted to National Park Service, Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area by California Department of Fish and Game, Wildlife and Habitat Data Analysis Branch and The California Native Plant Society, Vegetation Program, Sacramento, CA.
- Keeler-Wolf, T., and M. Vaghti. 2000. Vegetation mapping of Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California. A report to the California Department of Water Resources. California Department of Fish and Game, California Natural Diversity Database, Sacramento, CA.
- Parikh, A., and H. Gale. 1998. Vegetation monitoring of created dune swale wetlands, Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. Restoration Ecology 6:83-93.
- Pickart, A. J. 2006. Vegetation of diked herbaceous wetlands of Humboldt Bay National Wildlife Refuge: Classification, description, and ecology. USDI Fish and Wildlife Service. Humboldt Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Arcata, CA.
- Pickart, A., and M. Barbour 2007. Beach and dune. Chapter 6, pages 155-179 in: M. G. Barbour, M. G., T. Keeler-Wolf, and A. A. Schoenherr, editors. Terrestrial vegetation of California. Third edition. University of California Press, Berkeley.
- Sawyer, J. O., T. Keeler-Wolf, and J. Evens. 2009. A manual of California vegetation. Second edition. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento CA. 1300 pp.
- Sawyer, J. O., and T. Keeler-Wolf. 1995. A manual of California vegetation. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento. 471 pp.