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CEGL006627 Maclura pomifera Ruderal Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Osage-orange Ruderal Forest
Colloquial Name: Ruderal Osage-orange Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This Maclura pomifera semi-natural forest is found locally throughout the eastern United States. Stands often establish on old fields abandoned after agricultural cropping or pasturing or around old homesites. In some areas it occurs on post-agricultural floodplain terraces. This vegetation has also become established following the planting of Maclura pomifera to stabilize and enrich nutrient-poor soils that are subject to erosion. The vegetation is dominated by Maclura pomifera. Associated woody species vary from site to site and include Prunus serotina, Juniperus virginiana, Ulmus alata, Ulmus americana, Ulmus rubra, Carya ovata, Celtis occidentalis, Juglans nigra, Quercus falcata, and Ulmus rubra. Understory vegetation is highly variable depending on site history and often includes Toxicodendron radicans. The invasive non-native Rosa multiflora may be present as a shrub, along with the non-native bramble Rubus phoenicolasius.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The vegetation is dominated by Maclura pomifera forming a partial to nearly complete canopy. Associated woody species vary from site to site and include Prunus serotina, Juniperus virginiana, Ulmus alata, Ulmus americana, Ulmus rubra, Acer rubrum, Nyssa sylvatica, Carya ovata, Celtis occidentalis, Juglans nigra, Quercus falcata, Quercus rubra, the exotic Ailanthus altissima, and in some areas Acer platanoides. Understory vegetation is highly variable depending on site history and often includes Toxicodendron radicans; Lindera benzoin is sometimes present. The invasive non-natives Rosa multiflora and Elaeagnus umbellata are typically the most common shrubs, along with the non-native bramble Rubus phoenicolasius. Cornus florida may be present in the subcanopy. Non-native species such as Alliaria petiolata, Chelidonium majus, Glechoma hederacea, Dactylis glomerata, Daucus carota, and Convallaria majalis can characterize the herb layer, which may have a native component as well, for example with (depending on geography) Ageratina altissima, Dichanthelium clandestinum, Elymus hystrix var. hystrix, Leersia virginica, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Pilea pumila, Solidago canadensis, Solidago rugosa, Verbesina alternifolia, Verbesina occidentalis, and Viola spp.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This type often establishes on old fields abandoned after agricultural cropping or pasturing or around old home sites. Maclura pomifera thickets are characteristically found along fencerows, ditch banks, ravines, and around abandoned farmsteads.
Geographic Range: This osage-orange semi-natural forest is found locally throughout the eastern United States. Osage-orange occurred historically in the Red River drainage of Oklahoma, Texas, and Arkansas and in the Blackland Prairies, Post Oak Savannas, and Chisos Mountains of Texas. The full range of this ruderal vegetation is not known, but the commercial range of the species includes most of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, south of the Platte River, and the Great Lakes, excluding the Appalachian Mountains (Burton 1990). It has been widely naturalized in the United States and Ontario, Canada, as well as being occasionally planted.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AR, GA, KY?, OK, TN
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.861435
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNA
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.1 Warm Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F018 | 1.B.1 |
| Division | 1.B.1.Na Southeastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D006 | 1.B.1.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.1.Na.90 Sweetgum - Loblolly Pine - Chinese Tallow Ruderal Forest Macrogroup | M305 | 1.B.1.Na.90 |
| Group | 1.B.1.Na.90.b Loblolly Pine - Pine species Ruderal Forest Group | G029 | 1.B.1.Na.90.b |
| Alliance | A3233 Silktree - Paper-mulberry - Chinese Tallow Ruderal Forest Alliance | A3233 | 1.B.1.Na.90.b |
| Association | CEGL006627 Osage-orange Ruderal Forest | CEGL006627 | 1.B.1.Na.90.b |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Maclura pomifera Semi-natural Forest (Hop et al. 2012a)
- Burns, R. M., and B. H. Honkala, technical coordinators. 1990b. Silvics of North America. Volume 2: Hardwoods. Agriculture Handbook 654. USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC. 877 pp.
- Burton, J. D. 1990. Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneid., Osage-orange. In: R. M. Burns and B. H. Honkala, technical coordinators. Silvics of North America. Volume 2: Hardwoods. Agriculture Handbook 654. USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC. 877 pp.
- Foti, Tom. Personal communication. Ecologist [retired]. Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission, Little Rock.
- Hop, K., M. Pyne, T. Foti, S. Lubinski, R. White, and J. Dieck. 2012a. National Park Service vegetation inventory program: Buffalo National River, Arkansas. Natural Resource Report NPS/HTLN/NRR--2012/526. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 340 pp.
- Hurt, R. D. No date. Forestry of the Great Plains, 1902-1942. Iowa State University. [http://www-personal.ksu.edu/##jsherow/hurt2.htm]
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.