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CEGL005937 Salix planifolia / Carex utriculata Wet Shrubland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Diamondleaf Willow / Northwest Territory Sedge Wet Shrubland
Colloquial Name: No Data Available
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This association is a low-statured willow shrubland known from high mountain valleys on saturated, usually organic soils from central Utah and western Colorado north to southwestern Montana. Elevation ranges from 1750 to 2690 m (5740-8830 feet) in Montana and Wyoming and from 2710 to 3350 m (8900-11,000 feet) in Colorado and Utah. The shrub canopy is dominated by Salix planifolia with 30-98% cover. Other willows can be present to codominant and include Salix geyeriana, Salix wolfii, Salix monticola, Salix boothii, and Salix commutata. The herbaceous undergrowth is usually dense with graminoids, often low in species diversity. Carex utriculata (erroneously reported as Carex rostrata in several references) is the most abundant and characteristic sedge in the understory with 10-80% cover. Other graminoids that may be present include Carex aquatilis, Calamagrostis canadensis, Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis, Juncus ensifolius, Equisetum arvense, Luzula parviflora, Phleum alpinum, and Poa pratensis. Forbs are generally much less abundant than graminoids and include a wide variety of species, none being characteristic of the plant association but indicative of high montane to subalpine wetland habitats. Typical forbs include Arnica mollis, Caltha leptosepala var. leptosepala, Conioselinum scopulorum, Epilobium spp., and Mertensia ciliata.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This association is a low-statured willow dominated shrubland, usually 1-1.5 m (3-5 feet) tall, but often not more than 1 m (3 feet) in height. The shrub canopy is dominated by Salix planifolia. Other willows can be present to codominant and include Salix geyeriana, Salix wolfii, Salix monticola, Salix boothii, and Salix commutata. Shrub species that are incidental but not uncommon are Betula glandulosa, Dasiphora fruticosa ssp. floribunda (= Potentilla fruticosa), and Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. setosum (= Ribes setosum). The herbaceous undergrowth is usually dense with graminoids, often low in species diversity. Carex utriculata (reported as Carex rostrata in many of the references) is the dominant sedge with 10-80% cover. Other graminoids that may or may not be present include Carex aquatilis, Calamagrostis canadensis, Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis (= Juncus balticus), Juncus ensifolius, Equisetum arvense, Luzula parviflora, Phleum alpinum, and Poa pratensis. Forbs are generally much less abundant than graminoids and include a wide variety of species, none being characteristic of the plant association but indicative of high montane to subalpine wetland habitats. Forb species include Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis, Arnica mollis, Caltha leptosepala var. leptosepala, Conioselinum scopulorum, Epilobium spp., Mertensia ciliata, Rhodiola rhodantha, Saxifraga odontoloma, Senecio triangularis, Swertia perennis, Trollius laxus ssp. albiflorus, Veronica wormskjoldii, Symphyotrichum spathulatum, and Galium bifolium. Within this association there may also be upwards of 90% cover of mosses.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This association is known from high mountain valleys. Elevation ranges from 1750 to 2690 m (5740-8830 feet) in Montana and northern Wyoming and from 2710 to 3350 m (8900-11,000 feet) in Colorado and Utah. This association occurs on wet to saturated soils along low-gradient streams in valley bottoms. It usually occurs in wide, wet valleys on snowmelt-fed swales but has been known to occur in narrow valleys with sinuous streams, as well as wet floodplains associated with beaver ponds. Moisture comes from overland flow and some lateral streamflow. Slopes range from 0-24%. Soils are often organic peats over a mineral layer. Water tables are often at the surface for much of the growing season. It is one of the wettest sites for willows within the riparian setting.
Geographic Range: This association is known from central and northern Utah, central and western Idaho, north through the Rocky Mountains to southwestern Montana, western and north-central Wyoming, and throughout the mountains of western Colorado.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: CO, MT, UT, WY
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.735330
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNR
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 2 Shrub & Herb Vegetation Class | C02 | 2 |
| Subclass | 2.C Shrub & Herb Wetland Subclass | S44 | 2.C |
| Formation | 2.C.4 Temperate to Polar Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Formation | F013 | 2.C.4 |
| Division | 2.C.4.Nb Western North American Temperate Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Division | D031 | 2.C.4.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 2.C.4.Nb.5 Sitka Alder - Booth''s Willow / Northwest Territory Sedge Montane Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Macrogroup | M893 | 2.C.4.Nb.5 |
| Group | 2.C.4.Nb.5.d Willow species - Alder species - Water Birch Riparian & Seep Shrubland Group | G527 | 2.C.4.Nb.5.d |
| Alliance | A3769 Booth''s Willow - Geyer''s Willow - Yellow Willow Montane Wet Shrubland Alliance | A3769 | 2.C.4.Nb.5.d |
| Association | CEGL005937 Diamondleaf Willow / Northwest Territory Sedge Wet Shrubland | CEGL005937 | 2.C.4.Nb.5.d |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: < Salix phylicifolia / Carex rostrata - Carex aquatilis Community Type (Mutz and Queiroz 1983) [p.52. This type has 4 of 6 stands that meet the Salix planifolia / Carex utriculata type and 2 stands that fall into the Salix planifolia / Carex aquatilis type. See appendix G for stand table info. Salix phylicifolia = Salix planifolia (Kartesz 1999).]
= Salix planifolia - Salix geyeriana / Wet Carex Ecological Type (Girard et al. 1997) [p.165. Reports 3 stands all with Salix planifolia and Carex utriculata (erroneously reported as Carex rostrata) clearly dominant.]
< Salix planifolia / Carex aquatilis Community Type (Padgett et al. 1989) [p.83. Included stands where "undergrowth is characterized by typically dense graminoid layer dominated by Carex aquatilis, Caltha leptosepala and/or Carex utriculata."]
< Salix planifolia / Carex aquatilis Habitat Type (Hansen et al. 1995) [p.329. Includes stands with just Carex utriculata (reported as Carex rostrata) in the understory.]
= Salix planifolia / Carex utriculata Shrubland (Carsey et al. 2003a) [p.252.]
= Salix planifolia / Carex utriculata Shrubland (Salas et al. 2005)
= Salix planifolia / Forb Ecological Type (Girard et al. 1997) [p.189. Reports 1 stands with Carex utriculata (erroneously reported as Carex rostrata) with 20% cover, total forb cover is high, about 40%.]
= Salix planifolia Community Type (Youngblood et al. 1985a) [p.47.]
< Salix spp. / Carex rostrata Community Type (Tuhy and Jensen 1982) [p.62. Includes stands dominated by Salix phylicifolia in the overstory and Carex rostrata in the understory (Salix phylicifolia = Salix planifolia (Kartesz 1999) and Carex rostrata is actually Carex utriculata erroneously reported.]
= Salix planifolia - Salix geyeriana / Wet Carex Ecological Type (Girard et al. 1997) [p.165. Reports 3 stands all with Salix planifolia and Carex utriculata (erroneously reported as Carex rostrata) clearly dominant.]
< Salix planifolia / Carex aquatilis Community Type (Padgett et al. 1989) [p.83. Included stands where "undergrowth is characterized by typically dense graminoid layer dominated by Carex aquatilis, Caltha leptosepala and/or Carex utriculata."]
< Salix planifolia / Carex aquatilis Habitat Type (Hansen et al. 1995) [p.329. Includes stands with just Carex utriculata (reported as Carex rostrata) in the understory.]
= Salix planifolia / Carex utriculata Shrubland (Carsey et al. 2003a) [p.252.]
= Salix planifolia / Carex utriculata Shrubland (Salas et al. 2005)
= Salix planifolia / Forb Ecological Type (Girard et al. 1997) [p.189. Reports 1 stands with Carex utriculata (erroneously reported as Carex rostrata) with 20% cover, total forb cover is high, about 40%.]
= Salix planifolia Community Type (Youngblood et al. 1985a) [p.47.]
< Salix spp. / Carex rostrata Community Type (Tuhy and Jensen 1982) [p.62. Includes stands dominated by Salix phylicifolia in the overstory and Carex rostrata in the understory (Salix phylicifolia = Salix planifolia (Kartesz 1999) and Carex rostrata is actually Carex utriculata erroneously reported.]
- CNHP [Colorado Natural Heritage Program]. 2006-2017. Tracked natural plant communities. Colorado Natural Heritage Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins. [https://cnhp.colostate.edu/ourdata/trackinglist/plant_communities/]
- Carsey, K., D. Cooper, K. Decker, D. Culver, and G. Kittel. 2003b. Statewide wetlands classification and characterization: Wetland plant associations of Colorado. Prepared for Colorado Department of Natural Resources, Denver, by Colorado Natural Heritage Program, College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, Fort Collins. 79 pp. [http://www.cnhp.colostate.edu/documents/2003/wetland_classification_final_report_2003.pdf]
- Carsey, K., G. Kittel, K. Decker, D. J. Cooper, and D. Culver. 2003a. Field guide to the wetland and riparian plant associations of Colorado. Colorado Natural Heritage Program, Fort Collins, CO.
- Cogan, D., K. Varga, and G. Kittel. 2005. USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program: Grand Teton National Park and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway. Final Project Report 2002-2005 Vegetation Mapping Project. Technical Memorandum 8260-06-02. USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO. 87 pp. plus Appendixes A-F.
- Girard, M., D. L. Wheeler, and S. B. Mills. 1997. Classification of riparian communities on the Bighorn National Forest. R2-RR-97-02. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Sheridan, WY. 308 pp.
- Hansen, P. L., R. D. Pfister, K. Boggs, B. J. Cook, J. Joy, and D. K. Hinckley. 1995. Classification and management of Montana''s riparian and wetland sites. Miscellaneous Publication No. 54. Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, School of Forestry, University of Montana. 646 pp. plus posters.
- MTNHP [Montana Natural Heritage Program]. 2002b. List of ecological communities for Montana. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Montana State Library, Helena, MT.
- Mutz, K. M., and J. Queiroz. 1983. Riparian community classification for the Centennial Mountains and South Fork Salmon River, Idaho. Unpublished report prepared for USDA Forest Service Intermountain Region under contract 53-84M8-2-0048 by Meiiji Resource Consultants, Layton, UT. 168 pp.
- Padgett, W. G., A. P. Youngblood, and A. H. Winward. 1989. Riparian community type classification of Utah and southeastern Idaho. Research Paper R4-ECOL-89-0. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT.
- Salas, D. E., J. Stevens, K. Schulz, M. Artmann, B. Friesen, S. Blauer, E. W. Schweiger, and A. Valdez. 2010b. Vegetation classification and mapping project report: Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve. Natural Resource Report NPS/ROMN/NRR--2010/179. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO.
- Salas, D., J. Stevens, and K. Schulz. 2005. USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program: Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. Technical Memorandum No. 8260-05-02. USDI Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO. 161 pp. plus Appendices A-L (733 pp.).
- Tuhy, J. S., and S. Jensen. 1982. Riparian classification for the Upper Salmon and Middle Fork Salmon River drainages, Idaho. Unpublished report prepared for the USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Region by White Horse Associates, Smithfield, UT. 183 pp.
- Western Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boulder, CO.
- Youngblood, A. P., W. G. Padgett, and A. H. Winward. 1985a. Riparian community type classification of eastern Idaho-western Wyoming. R4-Ecol-85-01. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Region, Ogden, UT. 78 pp.