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CEGL005166 Pinus banksiana - (Picea mariana) - Mixed Hardwoods / Sphagnum spp. Swamp Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Jack Pine - (Black Spruce) - Mixed Hardwoods / Peatmoss species Swamp Forest
Colloquial Name: Jack Pine Swamp Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This jack pine swamp community is found in the upper Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada. Stands are found on poorly drained lowland sites, including those on sand plains. This type appears to originate following a catastrophic burn in a Picea mariana swamp. The canopy is dominated by Pinus banksiana with varying amounts of Picea mariana. The shrub layer is dominated by ericaceous shrubs, including Chamaedaphne calyculata, Gaultheria hispidula, Ledum groenlandicum, Vaccinium angustifolium, and Vaccinium myrtilloides. Abies balsamea and Picea mariana may also occur in scrub form in this layer. Herbaceous species include Clintonia borealis, Coptis trifolia, Cornus canadensis, Maianthemum canadense, Maianthemum trifolium, and others. The moss layer contains a variety of Sphagnum spp. and feathermosses.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This type is being proposed by Michigan NFI (meeting 11-12 January 1996). It is found in Michigan on poorly drained sand plains in the northern Lower Peninsula. Pinus resinosa may also dominate some stands. Stands resembling this type were also reported in Wisconsin, by Curtis (1959, pp. 223-224) and by E. Epstein (central sand plains of Jackson County and scattered localities in Bayfield County) and in Ontario by Sims et al. (1989, NWV36, footnote). Apart from the canopy, this type may essentially resemble a poor black spruce swamp (e.g., ~Picea mariana - (Larix laricina) / Ledum groenlandicum / Sphagnum spp. Swamp Forest (CEGL005271)$$).
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The canopy is dominated by Pinus banksiana with varying amounts of Picea mariana. The shrub layer is dominated by ericaceous shrubs, including Chamaedaphne calyculata, Gaultheria hispidula, Ledum groenlandicum, Vaccinium angustifolium, and Vaccinium myrtilloides. Abies balsamea and Picea mariana may also occur in scrub form in this layer. Herbaceous species include Clintonia borealis, Coptis trifolia, Cornus canadensis, Maianthemum canadense, Maianthemum trifolium, and others. The moss layer contains a variety of Sphagnum spp. and feathermosses (Sims et al. 1989).
Dynamics: This type appears to originate following a catastrophic burn in a Picea mariana swamp (P. Comer pers. comm., E. Epstein pers. comm. 1999).
Environmental Description: Stands are found on poorly drained lowland sites, including those on sand plains.
Geographic Range: This jack pine swamp community is found in the upper Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: MI, ON, QC?, WI
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.690042
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNRQ
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.5 Boreal Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F036 | 1.B.5 |
| Division | 1.B.5.Na North American Boreal Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D016 | 1.B.5.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.5.Na.1 North American Boreal Conifer Poor Swamp Macrogroup | M299 | 1.B.5.Na.1 |
| Group | 1.B.5.Na.1.c Black Spruce Ontario-Québec Boreal Poor Swamp Group | G806 | 1.B.5.Na.1.c |
| Alliance | A0197 Black Spruce - Tamarack / Peatmoss species Poor Swamp Forest Alliance | A0197 | 1.B.5.Na.1.c |
| Association | CEGL005166 Jack Pine - (Black Spruce) - Mixed Hardwoods / Peatmoss species Swamp Forest | CEGL005166 | 1.B.5.Na.1.c |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Pinus banksiana - (Picea mariana) - Mixed Hardwoods / Sphagnum spp. Forest (Faber-Langendoen 2001) [Northern Wet Forest Jack Pine-Black Spruce Swamp Subtype]
= Poor Conifer Swamp - Jack Pine Swamp (Chapman et al. 1989)
= Poor Conifer Swamp - Jack Pine Swamp (Chapman et al. 1989)
- CDPNQ [Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec]. No date. Unpublished data. Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec, Québec.
- Chapman, K. A., D. A. Albert, and G. A. Reese. 1989. Draft descriptions of Michigan''s natural community types. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Lansing, MI. 35 pp.
- Curtis, J. T. 1959. The vegetation of Wisconsin: An ordination of plant communities. Reprinted in 1987. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 657 pp.
- Faber-Langendoen, D., editor. 2001. Plant communities of the Midwest: Classification in an ecological context. Association for Biodiversity Information, Arlington, VA. 61 pp. plus appendix (705 pp.).
- Kost, M. A., D. A. Albert, J. G. Cohen, B. S. Slaughter, R. K. Schillo, C. R. Weber, and K. A. Chapman. 2007. Natural communities of Michigan: Classification and description. Report No. 2007-21, Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Lansing. 314 pp. [http://web4.msue.msu.edu/mnfi/reports/2007-21_Natural_Communites_of_Michigan_Classification_and_Description.pdf]
- Midwestern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Minneapolis, MN.
- ONHIC [Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre]. 2018. Unpublished data. Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario, Canada.
- Sims, R. A., W. D. Towill, K. A. Baldwin, and G. M. Wickware. 1989. Field guide to the forest ecosystem classification for northwestern Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto. 191 pp.
- WDNR [Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources]. 2015. The ecological landscapes of Wisconsin: An assessment of ecological resources and a guide to planning sustainable management. PUB-SS-1131 2015. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison. [http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/landscapes/Book.html]