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CEGL007397 Quercus lyrata - Carya aquatica Floodplain Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Overcup Oak - Water Hickory Floodplain Forest
Colloquial Name: Overcup Oak - Water Hickory Bottomland Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This bottomland forest ranges from the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain west to the Mississippi River Alluvial Plain. The canopy is typically dominated by Quercus lyrata and Carya aquatica. It is distinguished from other Quercus lyrata forests of the Gulf region by the absence of Quercus texana. Stands that lack Quercus texana and have either significant amounts of Carya aquatica are covered here [see Similar Associations). Other canopy associates may include Gleditsia aquatica, Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum var. drummondii, Taxodium distichum, Populus deltoides, and Diospyros virginiana. Shrubs include Planera aquatica, Cornus foemina, and Cephalanthus occidentalis. Subcanopy, shrub, herbaceous, and vine density and diversity are directly affected by the timing, duration, and depth of seasonal flooding. Herbaceous growth and diversity will be limited in areas of consistently longer hydroperiod. More detailed information is needed on the floristics and environment of this association.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Distribution of this association was reduced because of its originally wide geographic range. The distribution of this type west of the Mississippi River needs to be revisited. The conceptual portion of this association west of the East Gulf Coastal Plain was excised and merged with ~Quercus lyrata - Carya aquatica - (Quercus texana) / Forestiera acuminata Floodplain Forest (CEGL002423)$$. [See ~Quercus lyrata - Liquidambar styraciflua / Forestiera acuminata Floodplain Forest (CEGL002424)$$ and ~Quercus lyrata - Carya aquatica - (Quercus texana) / Forestiera acuminata Floodplain Forest (CEGL002423)$$]. At the Francis Marion National Forest, stands of CEGL007864 (Nyssa biflora) and CEGL007397 (Quercus lyrata) are quite similar in their lower strata (Glitzenstein and Streng 2004). In Virginia, where related vegetation is relatively uncommon and in a restricted geography, it is treated as ~Taxodium distichum - Nyssa aquatica - Nyssa biflora / Fraxinus caroliniana / Itea virginica Floodplain Forest (CEGL007432)$$.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: Stands are dominated by Quercus lyrata and Carya aquatica. Other canopy associates may include Gleditsia aquatica, Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum var. drummondii, Taxodium distichum, Populus deltoides, and Diospyros virginiana. Shrubs include Planera aquatica, Cornus foemina (= Cornus stricta), and Cephalanthus occidentalis (Wharton et al. 1982). Herbaceous growth and diversity will be limited in areas of consistently longer hydroperiod (Wharton et al. 1982). A stand assigned here from the Francis Marion National Forest, South Carolina, is dominated by Liquidambar styraciflua with Quercus lyrata, Acer rubrum, Celtis laevigata, Quercus laurifolia, Carya cordiformis, and Ulmus americana in the canopy. The subcanopy contains Ilex decidua in addition to canopy species. Shrubs include Cornus foemina, Ilex decidua, Carpinus caroliniana, and Crataegus marshallii. Prominent herbs include Leersia lenticularis and Phanopyrum gymnocarpon. Other herbs include Boehmeria cylindrica, Dulichium arundinaceum?, Carex grayi, Asclepias perennis, and Polygonum pensylvanicum.
Dynamics: Subcanopy, shrub, herbaceous, and vine density and diversity are directly affected by the timing, duration, and depth of seasonal flooding. Herbaceous growth and diversity will be limited in areas of consistently longer hydroperiod (Wharton et al. 1982).
Environmental Description: Forests dominated by the nominal species may commonly occur in wet flats and on old levee ridge edges (Wharton et al. 1982). This is a community of Zone III (Wharton et al. 1982).
Geographic Range: This bottomland forest ranges from the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia west to the Mississippi River Alluvial Plain of Louisiana, and Mississippi and possibly Tennessee, Kentucky and Arkansas.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AL, AR, FL, GA, KY?, LA, MS, NC, SC, TN?, TX, VA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.689019
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G4G5
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Nb Southeastern North American Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D062 | 1.B.3.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Nb.4 Swamp Chestnut Oak - Bald-cypress - Pecan Southern Floodplain Forest Macrogroup | M031 | 1.B.3.Nb.4 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Nb.4.a Swamp Chestnut Oak - Laurel Oak - Sweetgum Floodplain Forest Group | G034 | 1.B.3.Nb.4.a |
| Alliance | A3629 Overcup Oak - Willow Oak - Water Hickory Swamp Forest Alliance | A3629 | 1.B.3.Nb.4.a |
| Association | CEGL007397 Overcup Oak - Water Hickory Floodplain Forest | CEGL007397 | 1.B.3.Nb.4.a |
Concept Lineage: merged in
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: ? Overcup oak-water hickory dominance types (Wharton et al. 1982)
- ALNHP [Alabama Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data on file. Alabama Natural Heritage Program, Auburn University.
- Fleming, G. P., and K. D. Patterson. 2011b. Analysis of Coastal Plain / Outer Piedmont bottomlands and non-alluvial wetlands in Virginia, 400 plots. In-house analysis, January 2011. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond.
- GNHP [Georgia Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data. Georgia Natural Heritage Program, Wildlife Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Social Circle.
- Glitzenstein, J. S., and D. R. Streng. 2004. Evaluating the NatureServe preliminary plant community classification for Francis Marion National Forest. Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL. Plus appendices and data.
- LNHP [Louisiana Natural Heritage Program]. 2009. Natural communities of Louisiana. Louisiana Natural Heritage Program, Louisiana Department of Wildlife & Fisheries, Baton Rouge. 46 pp. [http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/page_wildlife/6776-Rare%20Natural%20Communities/LA_NAT_COM.pdf]
- MSNHP [Mississippi Natural Heritage Program]. 2006. Ecological communities of Mississippi. Museum of Natural Science, Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks, Jackson, MS. 9 pp.
- Nelson, J. B. 1986. The natural communities of South Carolina: Initial classification and description. South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries, Columbia, SC. 55 pp.
- Peet, R. K., T. R. Wentworth, M. P. Schafale, and A.S. Weakley. No date. Unpublished data of the North Carolina Vegetation Survey. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
- Wharton, C. H., W. M. Kitchens, E. C. Pendleton, and T. W. Sipe. 1982. The ecology of bottomland hardwood swamps of the Southeast: A community profile. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services. FWS/OBS-81/37. Washington, DC.