Print Report

CEGL004057 Schizachyrium maritimum - (Heterotheca subaxillaris) Grassland

Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available


Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Gulf Bluestem - (Camphorweed) Grassland

Colloquial Name: Gulf of Mexico Dune Grassland

Hierarchy Level:  Association

Type Concept: This dune ridge or coastal grassland community occurs in the northern Gulf of Mexico including the Panhandle of Florida and adjacent southern Alabama. Examples are dominated by Schizachyrium maritimum. Stands dominated by either Uniola paniculata or Panicum amarum var. amarulum in the region are classified as ~Uniola paniculata - Panicum amarum var. amarulum - Iva imbricata Grassland (CEGL004041)$$. There is some variation in the expression of this association from west to east as indicated by the occurrence of a number of taxa with restricted distributions in the region. Other characteristic species include Croton punctatus and Oenothera humifusa.

Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available

Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available

Classification Comments: Based on Johnson and Muller (1993a) and Johnson et al. (1992a).

Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available

Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available

Floristics: This grassland community is dominated by Schizachyrium maritimum but may also have less amounts of Panicum amarum var. amarulum (= Panicum amarulum) and/or Uniola paniculata. There is some variation in the expression of this association from west to east. Examples from the western Panhandle of Florida and southern Alabama more regularly contain Paronychia erecta, Chrysopsis godfreyi, Balduina angustifolia, Galactia microphylla, Chrysopsis gossypina ssp. cruiseana, and Chrysoma pauciflosculosa. Examples from the eastern Panhandle of Florida are usually codominated by Schizachyrium maritimum and Heterotheca subaxillaris, and lack Paronychia erecta, Chrysopsis godfreyi, Balduina angustifolia, Galactia microphylla, Chrysopsis gossypina ssp. cruiseana, and Chrysoma pauciflosculosa. Heterotheca subaxillaris is a weedy species which cannot tolerate sand burial, and thus may be a temporary member of this community; it vanished from many areas of Florida after Hurricane Opal (A. Johnson pers. comm.)

Dynamics:  This association occurs on dunes which have been protected from active sand burial for approximately 2-6 years (Johnson 1997); more active sand burial favors Uniola and Panicum amarum [see ~Uniola paniculata - Panicum amarum var. amarulum - Iva imbricata Grassland (CEGL004041)$$] With longer periods of protection this vegetation will succeed to ~Chrysoma pauciflosculosa - Paronychia erecta Dwarf-shrubland (CEGL003947)$$.

Environmental Description:  This is a dune grassland community. It occurs on dunes which have been protected from active sand burial for approximately 2-6 years (Johnson 1997).

Geographic Range: This association occurs in Alabama and Florida along the northern Gulf of Mexico.

Nations: US

States/Provinces:  AL, FL




Confidence Level: Moderate

Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available

Grank: G2

Greasons: No Data Available


Concept Lineage: This association now includes the former CEGL004058.

Predecessors: No Data Available

Obsolete Names: No Data Available

Obsolete Parents: No Data Available

Synonomy: ? Florida eastern Panhandle coastal grassland (Johnson et al. 1992a)
? Florida western Panhandle coastal grassland (Johnson et al. 1992a)
= Panhandle Coastal Grassland (Johnson and Muller 1993a)

Concept Author(s): A. Johnson and J. Muller (1993a)

Author of Description: R.E. Evans

Acknowledgements: No Data Available

Version Date: 07-27-15

  • ALNHP [Alabama Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data on file. Alabama Natural Heritage Program, Auburn University.
  • FNAI [Florida Natural Areas Inventory]. 2010a. Guide to the natural communities of Florida: 2010 edition. Florida Natural Areas Inventory, Tallahassee, FL. 228 pp. [https://fnai.org/naturalcommguide.cfm]
  • Johnson, A. F. 1997. Rates of vegetation succession on a coastal dune system in northwest Florida. Journal of Coastal Research 13:373-384.
  • Johnson, A. F., J. W. Muller, and K. A. Bettinger. 1992a. An assessment of Florida''s remaining coastal upland natural communities: Panhandle. The Nature Conservancy, Florida Natural Areas Inventory, Tallahassee. 12 pp. plus appendices.
  • Johnson, A. F., and J. W. Muller. 1993a. An assessment of Florida''s remaining coastal upland natural communities: Final summary report. The Nature Conservancy, Florida Natural Areas Inventory, Tallahassee. 37 pp.
  • Johnson, Ann F. Personal communication. Florida Natural Areas Inventory, Tallahassee.
  • Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.