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CEGL002033 Typha latifolia - Equisetum hyemale - Carex (hystericina, pellita) Seepage Meadow
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Broadleaf Cattail - Scouringrush Horsetail - (Bottlebrush Sedge, Woolly Sedge) Seepage Meadow
Colloquial Name: Great Plains Neutral Seep
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This cattail-mixed graminoid seep is found in the central Great Plains. Stands occur on slopes where moderately minerotrophic groundwater (pH 6.0-6.9) reaches the surface. The soil is saturated for at least part of the growing season. Soils can be shallow to deep, depending on the degree of slope. A shallow (<30 cm) layer of sedge peat may accumulate at some sites. The dominant plants are all herbaceous. The dominant vegetation in this community consists of hydrophytic macrophytes, typically 1-2 m tall. Typha latifolia is by far the most common of the taller species. Among the shorter plants, which rarely exceed 1 m, Carex spp. (including Carex pellita and Carex hystericina) and Equisetum hyemale predominate. Other wetland species, such as Epilobium spp., Eupatorium perfoliatum, Glyceria striata, Impatiens spp., Marchantia polymorpha (a liverwort), Pilea fontana, Schoenoplectus acutus, Schoenoplectus pungens, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, and Sparganium eurycarpum, are frequent. Small trees or shrubs, such as Populus deltoides and Salix spp., are rarely present. Flowing coldwater springs and streams associated with them are often dominated by partly emergent hydrophytic forbs, which may form partly floating mats on the waters surface, and include Berula erecta, Mimulus glabratus, Nasturtium officinale, and Veronica americana. Submersed hydrophytes including Elodea canadensis, Potamogeton foliosus, and Ranunculus longirostris may also be present, but rarely flower in flowing water. Most examples of this community are small, from dozens to hundreds of square m. Fires spreading from adjacent communities may have been important in this community prior to European settlement.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: The distinctions between this community and ~Carex pellita - Carex spp. - Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Fen (CEGL002041)$$ need to be clarified. In the South Dakota Prairie Coteau region, this type may be found under a forest canopy (M. Leoschke pers. comm.).
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The dominant vegetation in this community consists of hydrophytic macrophytes, typically 1-2 m tall. Typha latifolia is by far the most common of the taller species. Among the shorter plants, which rarely exceed 1 m, Carex spp. (including Carex pellita, Carex hystericina) and Equisetum hyemale predominate. Other wetland species, such as Epilobium spp., Eupatorium perfoliatum, Glyceria striata, Impatiens spp., Marchantia polymorpha (a liverwort), Pilea fontana, Schoenoplectus acutus (= Scirpus acutus), Schoenoplectus pungens (= Scirpus pungens), Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (= Scirpus tabernaemontani), and Sparganium eurycarpum, are frequent. Small trees, such as Populus deltoides and Salix spp., are rarely present. Flowing cold-water springs and streams associated with them are often dominated by partly emergent hydrophytic forbs, which may form partly floating mats on the waters surface, and include Berula erecta, Mimulus glabratus, Nasturtium officinale (= Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum), and Veronica americana. Submersed hydrophytes, including Elodea canadensis, Potamogeton foliosus, and Ranunculus longirostris, may also be present, but rarely flower in flowing water (Steinauer and Rolfsmeier 2003). In the Prairie Coteau in eastern South Dakota, this community may be found under a forest canopy (M. Leoschke pers. comm.).
Dynamics: Most examples of this community are small, ranging from dozens to hundreds of square meters. Fires spreading from the drier surrounding communities may have been common in this community prior to European settlement. Soil slumping may occur on steep slopes.
Environmental Description: This community occurs on the slopes of hills, in valleys, and at the bases of bluffs. Seeps form when rainwater permeates loess, sand, glacial till, limestone, or siltstone and contains an impervious layer of shales, clay or siltstone. The soils in this community can be sand, muck, or gravel. They can be shallow to deep, depending on the degree of slope. The parent material is glacial till, loess, eolian sand, colluvium, or bedrock. A shallow (<30 cm) layer of sedge peat may accumulate at some sites. Moderately minerotrophic groundwater (pH 6.0-6.9) continually saturates at least part of this community (Steinauer and Rolfsmeier 2003).
Geographic Range: This cattail-mixed graminoid seep is found in the central Great Plains and central-western tallgrass prairie region, extending from South Dakota south to Kansas.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: KS, NE, SD
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.688989
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 2 Shrub & Herb Vegetation Class | C02 | 2 |
| Subclass | 2.C Shrub & Herb Wetland Subclass | S44 | 2.C |
| Formation | 2.C.4 Temperate to Polar Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Formation | F013 | 2.C.4 |
| Division | 2.C.4.Nd Eastern North American Temperate Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Division | D323 | 2.C.4.Nd |
| Macrogroup | 2.C.4.Nd.2 Broadleaf Cattail - White Snakeroot - Rush species Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Macrogroup | M069 | 2.C.4.Nd.2 |
| Group | 2.C.4.Nd.2.e Prairie Cordgrass - Bluejoint - Sedge species Midwest Wet Prairie, Wet Meadow & Shrub Swamp Group | G770 | 2.C.4.Nd.2.e |
| Alliance | A3494 Sedge species - Broadleaf Cattail - Common Threesquare Seep Alliance | A3494 | 2.C.4.Nd.2.e |
| Association | CEGL002033 Broadleaf Cattail - Scouringrush Horsetail - (Bottlebrush Sedge, Woolly Sedge) Seepage Meadow | CEGL002033 | 2.C.4.Nd.2.e |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Typha latifolia - Equisetum hyemale - Carex (hystericina, pellita) Seep Herbaceous Vegetation (Faber-Langendoen 2001)
= Spring Seep (Steinauer and Rolfsmeier 2003)
< Streamside Marsh Association (Pool 1914)
= Spring Seep (Steinauer and Rolfsmeier 2003)
< Streamside Marsh Association (Pool 1914)
- Faber-Langendoen, D., editor. 2001. Plant communities of the Midwest: Classification in an ecological context. Association for Biodiversity Information, Arlington, VA. 61 pp. plus appendix (705 pp.).
- INAI [Iowa Natural Areas Inventory]. 2017. Vegetation classification of Iowa. Iowa Natural Areas Inventory, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines.
- Lauver, C. L., K. Kindscher, D. Faber-Langendoen, and R. Schneider. 1999. A classification of the natural vegetation of Kansas. The Southwestern Naturalist 44:421-443.
- Midwestern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Minneapolis, MN.
- Nelson, P. 2010. The terrestrial natural communities of Missouri. Revised edition. Missouri Natural Areas Committee, Department of Natural Resources and the Department of Conservation, Jefferson City.
- Pool, R. J. 1914. A study of the vegetation of the sandhills of Nebraska. Minnesota Botanical Studies 4:189-312.
- Rolfsmeier, S. B., and G. Steinauer. 2010. Terrestrial ecological systems and natural communities of Nebraska (Version IV - March 9, 2010). Nebraska Natural Heritage Program, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. Lincoln, NE. 228 pp.
- SDNHP [South Dakota Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data. South Dakota Natural Heritage Program, Pierre, SD.
- Steinauer, G. 1989. Characterization of the natural communities of Nebraska. Appendix D, pages 103-114 in: M. Clausen, M. Fritz, and G. Steinauer. The Nebraska Natural Heritage Program, two year progress report. Unpublished document. Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, Natural Heritage Program, Lincoln, NE.
- Steinauer, G., and S. Rolfsmeier. 2003. Terrestrial natural communities of Nebraska. (Version III - June 30, 2003). Nebraska Natural Heritage Program, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, Lincoln. 163 pp.
- TNC [The Nature Conservancy]. No date (b). NPS/BRD Vegetation Mapping Program: Classification of the vegetation of Scotts Bluff National Monument. The Nature Conservancy, Midwest Regional Office, Minneapolis, MN, and International Headquarters, Arlington, VA. 65 pp.