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CEGL004706 Peltandra virginica - Pontederia cordata Tidal Marsh
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Green Arrow-arum - Pickerelweed Tidal Marsh
Colloquial Name: Green Arrow-arum - Pickerelweed Tidal Marsh
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This freshwater tidal marsh occurs from Maine to Virginia, excluding Rhode Island and New Hampshire. It is codominated by leafy forbs Peltandra virginica and Pontederia cordata. Associated species can include Zizania aquatica, Sagittaria latifolia, Acorus americanus, Polygonum arifolium, Polygonum hydropiperoides, Polygonum sagittatum, and Bidens spp. Species occurring less frequently can include Typha spp. and Impatiens capensis. At the southern end of the range in Virginia, there is a well-marked variant in which Nuphar advena is codominant with Peltandra virginica and Pontederia cordata in variable mixtures. This variant differs from the almost monospecific ~Nuphar advena Tidal Marsh (CEGL004472)$$ in that it occurs on slightly higher landscape positions where the duration of inundation is shorter, supports higher mean species richness, and contains a number of taxa absent from the low intertidal portions of mudflats.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Because of high seasonal variability, stands sampled in the early spring that may appear to be ~Peltandra virginica - Pontederia cordata Tidal Marsh (CEGL004706)$$ may be more appropriately classified as ~Zizania aquatica Tidal Marsh (CEGL004202)$$ (Coulling 2002). This vegetation is best sampled later in the season. This community occurs in very similar environmental settings as ~Nuphar advena Tidal Marsh (CEGL004472)$$, low freshwater tidal marshes with a long duration of flooding. Species composition has some overlap. These two associations are best expressed where the elevation gradient is very mild, allowing the associations to occupy different zones, with this association (CEGL004706) occurring at slightly higher elevation than CEGL004472. ~Impatiens capensis - Peltandra virginica - Polygonum arifolium - Bolboschoenus fluviatilis - Typha angustifolia Tidal Marsh (CEGL006325)$$ is a large-patch community that occupies higher elevations within freshwater marshes and differs in having a much more varied species composition.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This community is codominated by leafy forbs Peltandra virginica and Pontederia cordata. Associated species can include Zizania aquatica, Sagittaria latifolia, Acorus americanus, Polygonum arifolium, Polygonum hydropiperoides, Polygonum sagittatum, and Bidens spp. Species occurring less frequently can include Typha spp. and Impatiens capensis. At the southern end of the range in Virginia, there is a well-marked variant in which Nuphar advena (= Nuphar lutea ssp. advena) is codominant with Peltandra virginica and Pontederia cordata in variable mixtures. This variant differs from the almost monospecific ~Nuphar advena Tidal Marsh (CEGL004472)$$ in that it occurs on slightly higher landscape positions where the duration of inundation is shorter, supports higher mean species richness, and contains a number of taxa absent from the low intertidal portions of mudflats.
Dynamics: Freshwater tidal marshes are naturally dynamic systems that are best developed where there is a major input of freshwater, a daily tidal range of at least 0.5 m, and a geomorphology that tends to constrict and magnify tidal influence in the upper reaches of the estuary (Odum et al. 1984). They are subject to diurnal flooding by tides and seasonal and episodic flooding from river discharge. Plant composition of freshwater tidal marshes generally occurs as a mosaic of patches dominated by a few or a single species. Species composition is determined by species life history characteristics, especially lifeform, phenology and mode of regeneration in response to microhabitat conditions, and the frequency and duration of flooding. Plant composition has seasonal variation.
Environmental Description: This community occurs low within freshwater tidal marshes on muck substrates of variable depth. There is a long duration of tidal flooding, and the community is exposed only for a short period of time each day when the tide is out.
Geographic Range: This freshwater tidal marsh occurs from Maine to Virginia, excluding Rhode Island and New Hampshire.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: CT, DC, DE, MA, MD, ME, NJ, NY, VA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.688713
Confidence Level: High
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3G4
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 2 Shrub & Herb Vegetation Class | C02 | 2 |
| Subclass | 2.C Shrub & Herb Wetland Subclass | S44 | 2.C |
| Formation | 2.C.4 Temperate to Polar Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Formation | F013 | 2.C.4 |
| Division | 2.C.4.Ne Atlantic & Gulf Coastal Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Division | D322 | 2.C.4.Ne |
| Macrogroup | 2.C.4.Ne.1 Annual Wild Rice - Saltmeadow Cordgrass - Pickerelweed Fresh-Oligohaline Tidal Marsh Macrogroup | M066 | 2.C.4.Ne.1 |
| Group | 2.C.4.Ne.1.c <i>Zizania aquatica - Spartina patens - Amaranthus cannabinus</i> Freshwater Tidal Marsh Group | G914 | 2.C.4.Ne.1.c |
| Alliance | A4017 Green Arrow-arum - Pickerelweed - Arrowhead species Oligohaline Tidal Marsh Alliance | A4017 | 2.C.4.Ne.1.c |
| Association | CEGL004706 Green Arrow-arum - Pickerelweed Tidal Marsh | CEGL004706 | 2.C.4.Ne.1.c |
Concept Lineage: There are 3 different community types defined from this single GAP observation point. The part of the plot referred to as CEGL006912 is similar to CEGL004706 Pelt virg-Pont cord Herb.Veg.; the associated species and environmental setting are within the parameters.
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: ? Nuphar advena - Peltandra virginica Tidal Herbaceous Vegetation (Coulling 2002)
= Nuphar advena - Peltandra virginica Tidally Flooded Herbaceous Vegetation (McCoy and Fleming 2000)
? Peltandra virginica - (Pontederia cordata) Tidal Herbaceous Vegetation (Coulling 2002)
> Peltandra virginica - Cyperus strigosus community (Metzler and Barrett 2006)
= Peltandra virginica - Eleocharis parvula - Sagittaria subulata Oligohaline Tidal Mudflat (Walton et al. 2001)
>< Peltandra virginica marsh community (Barrett 1989)
? Arrow-arum/Pickerelweed Community Type (Odum et al. 1984)
= Nuphar advena - Peltandra virginica Tidally Flooded Herbaceous Vegetation (McCoy and Fleming 2000)
? Peltandra virginica - (Pontederia cordata) Tidal Herbaceous Vegetation (Coulling 2002)
> Peltandra virginica - Cyperus strigosus community (Metzler and Barrett 2006)
= Peltandra virginica - Eleocharis parvula - Sagittaria subulata Oligohaline Tidal Mudflat (Walton et al. 2001)
>< Peltandra virginica marsh community (Barrett 1989)
? Arrow-arum/Pickerelweed Community Type (Odum et al. 1984)
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