Print Report
CEGL007221 Liriodendron tulipifera - Quercus spp. Ruderal Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Tuliptree - Oak species Ruderal Forest
Colloquial Name: Ruderal Tuliptree Forest (Typic Type)
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This broadly defined ruderal or successional community is one of several described upland associations dominated by Liriodendron tulipifera. It ranges from the southern Cumberland Plateau, Piedmont, and Interior Low Plateau of the southeastern U.S. north to the northern Piedmont of New Jersey. These successional forests often follow cropping, clearcut logging, or other severe disturbance, and are successional to mixed oak-hickory forests. Examples are common across large areas of the upland landscape which have previously been disturbed. Soils usually exhibit evidence of disturbance and may have little to no organic horizon development. They are typically acidic and well-drained, dry to moist sand, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or silt loam. Environmental setting is variable, ranging from level to gently sloping uplands to well-drained floodplains and stream terraces. Species found in stands attributable to this type may include a fairly diverse and varied composition. Acer rubrum, Quercus spp., Betula lenta, Oxydendrum arboreum, Acer saccharum, and occasionally Liquidambar styraciflua, Ilex opaca, or Robinia pseudoacacia may be common in stands of this type. Where oaks are present, they are frequently multi-stemmed, resulting from coppicing. The conifer Tsuga canadensis is abundant in the understories of some stands. Shrub composition is variable but may include Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis, Rhododendron maximum, Hamamelis virginiana, and Vaccinium pallidum. Herbs are likewise variable; West Virginia samples feature Dioscorea quaternata, Lysimachia quadrifolia, Maianthemum racemosum, Solidago curtisii, Symphyotrichum prenanthoides, Polystichum acrostichoides, Dryopteris intermedia, Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum, Packera aurea, Amphicarpaea bracteata, Thelypteris noveboracensis, Lycopodium digitatum, and Geranium maculatum.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: It differs from other described types within its range based on the lack of a significant pine component [see ~Liriodendron tulipifera - Pinus taeda Ruderal Forest (CEGL007521)$$] and the absence of species affiliated with circumneutral conditions [see ~Liriodendron tulipifera / (Cercis canadensis) / (Lindera benzoin) Ruderal Forest (CEGL007220)$$]; it is later successional and more diverse than ~Liriodendron tulipifera Ruderal Forest (CEGL007218)$$ and tends to be found on more stable soil substrates and less steep slopes than ~Liriodendron tulipifera - Acer rubrum - Robinia pseudoacacia Ruderal Forest (CEGL007219)$$.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The canopy of this ruderal upland association is dominated by Liriodendron tulipifera. Quercus species (Quercus alba, Quercus rubra, Quercus falcata, Quercus nigra, Quercus velutina) are often present; additional associates may include Acer floridanum (= Acer barbatum), Acer rubrum, Carya spp., Fagus grandifolia, Nyssa sylvatica, Cornus florida, and Robinia pseudoacacia. Betula lenta is a common associate at the northern range limit. Shrub layers may include saplings of the canopy species and Acer pensylvanicum, Amelanchier arborea, Hamamelis virginiana, Lindera benzoin (in small amounts), and Vaccinium pallidum. Herbs vary across the range but may include Actaea racemosa, Dichanthelium clandestinum, Dioscorea quaternata, Galium circaezans, Geranium maculatum, Goodyera pubescens, Medeola virginiana, Potentilla simplex, Scutellaria serrata, Thelypteris noveboracensis, and Uvularia perfoliata. Lycopodium digitatum may be abundant in some stands.
Dynamics: This community is widespread in areas that had stand-initiating disturbance such as heavy logging or plowing in the recent past. In areas that have been protected for more than 80 years, this community is uncommon.
Environmental Description: These ruderal upland deciduous forests are found primarily in areas which were once clearcuts, old fields, or were cleared by fire or other natural disturbances. These successional forests often follow cropping, clearcut logging, or other severe disturbance, and are successional to mixed oak-hickory forests. Examples are common across large areas of the upland landscape which have previously been disturbed. Soils usually exhibit evidence of disturbance and may have little to no organic horizon development. Environmental setting is variable, ranging from level to gently sloping uplands to well-drained floodplains and stream terraces.
Geographic Range: This association is known from the southern Cumberland Plateau, Piedmont, and Interior Low Plateau of the southeastern U.S. and may also occur in the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain. It ranges north to the northern Piedmont of New Jersey and adjacent Pennsylvania. It is also known from Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, West Virginia, Virginia, and possibly Delaware.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AL, DC, DE?, GA, KY, MD, NC, NJ, PA, SC, TN, VA, WV
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.688189
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNA
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.90 Black Locust - Tuliptree - Norway Maple Ruderal Forest Macrogroup | M013 | 1.B.2.Na.90 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.90.a Eastern Red-cedar - Tuliptree / Tatarian Honeysuckle Ruderal Forest Group | G030 | 1.B.2.Na.90.a |
| Alliance | A3228 Tuliptree - Black Walnut - Black Locust Ruderal Forest Alliance | A3228 | 1.B.2.Na.90.a |
| Association | CEGL007221 Tuliptree - Oak species Ruderal Forest | CEGL007221 | 1.B.2.Na.90.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: < Successional forest of low-elevation plateaus (Vanderhorst 2001a)
< Tulip Poplar Type (Schmalzer and DeSelm 1982)
= Yellow Poplar community (Ehrenfeld 1977)
< Tulip Poplar Type (Schmalzer and DeSelm 1982)
= Yellow Poplar community (Ehrenfeld 1977)
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