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CEGL004674 Sabal palmetto - Quercus laurifolia - Quercus virginiana - Magnolia virginiana - Ulmus americana Swamp Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Cabbage Palmetto - Laurel Oak - Live Oak - Sweetbay - American Elm Swamp Forest
Colloquial Name: Temperate Hydric Hammock
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This association represents temperate hydric hammocks of Florida and adjacent Georgia. Although this type extends into central Florida, where it may be best developed, examples lack tropical flora. These hydric hammocks typically form where deep groundwater seeps slowly from limestone outcrops. This vegetation is characterized by a moderately diverse canopy, usually composed of Sabal palmetto, Quercus virginiana, Quercus laurifolia, Magnolia virginiana, Ulmus americana, and sometimes also Pinus taeda, Acer rubrum, Quercus nigra, Celtis laevigata, Liquidambar styraciflua, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, and others. Typical understory species can include Carpinus caroliniana ssp. caroliniana, Cornus foemina, Diospyros virginiana, Magnolia virginiana, Persea palustris, Nyssa biflora, and canopy species. Typical shrubs and woody vines include Sabal minor, Rhapidophyllum hystrix, Viburnum obovatum, Berchemia scandens, Callicarpa americana, Nekemias arborea, Persea palustris, and Toxicodendron radicans. In northeastern Florida, at the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, dead and dying Persea palustris indicate that these hydric hammocks are being affected by laurel wilt, which is caused by a vascular wilt fungus that is transmitted to species in the Lauraceae family via the non-native redbay ambrosia beetle (Xyleborus glabratus).
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This vegetation is characterized by a moderately diverse canopy, usually composed of Sabal palmetto, Quercus virginiana, Quercus laurifolia, Magnolia virginiana, Ulmus americana (= var. floridana), and sometimes also Pinus taeda, Acer rubrum, Quercus nigra, Celtis laevigata, Liquidambar styraciflua, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, and others (NatureServe Ecology unpubl. data). Typical understory species can include Carpinus caroliniana ssp. caroliniana, Cornus foemina, Diospyros virginiana, Magnolia virginiana, Persea palustris, Gordonia lasianthus, Nyssa biflora, and canopy species. Typical shrubs and woody vines include Sabal minor, Rhapidophyllum hystrix, Viburnum obovatum, Berchemia scandens, Lyonia lucida, Morella cerifera, Ilex cassine, Serenoa repens, Vaccinium elliottii, Arundinaria gigantea, Callicarpa americana, Nekemias arborea (= Ampelopsis arborea), Persea palustris, and Toxicodendron radicans. Some important herbaceous species are Mitchella repens, Thelypteris kunthii, Dichanthelium sabulorum var. thinium (= Dichanthelium portoricense), Woodwardia virginica, Chasmanthium nitidum, Osmunda cinnamomea, Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. setarius, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Saururus cernuus, and Burmannia biflora.
Dynamics: In northeastern Florida, at the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, dead and dying Persea palustris indicate that these hydric hammocks are being affected by laurel wilt, which is caused by a vascular wilt fungus that is transmitted to species in the Lauraceae family via the non-native redbay ambrosia beetle (Xyleborus glabratus).
Environmental Description: In Florida, hydric hammocks typically form where deep groundwater seeps slowly from limestone outcrops (Vince et al. 1989, Ewel 1990b).
Geographic Range: This association is restricted to temperate Florida and adjacent Georgia.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: FL, GA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.687469
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G2G3
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Nb Southeastern North American Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D062 | 1.B.3.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Nb.3 Sweetbay - Swamp Bay - Pond Pine Swamp Forest Macrogroup | M032 | 1.B.3.Nb.3 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Nb.3.a Sweetbay - Loblolly-bay - Pond Pine Swamp Forest Group | G037 | 1.B.3.Nb.3.a |
| Alliance | A3350 Cabbage Palmetto - Live Oak - Sweetbay Swamp Forest Alliance | A3350 | 1.B.3.Nb.3.a |
| Association | CEGL004674 Cabbage Palmetto - Laurel Oak - Live Oak - Sweetbay - American Elm Swamp Forest | CEGL004674 | 1.B.3.Nb.3.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: No Data Available
- Ewel, K. C. 1990b. Swamps. Pages 281-323 in: R. L. Myers and J. J. Ewel, editors. Ecosystems of Florida. University of Central Florida Press, Orlando.
- FNAI [Florida Natural Areas Inventory]. 2010a. Guide to the natural communities of Florida: 2010 edition. Florida Natural Areas Inventory, Tallahassee, FL. 228 pp. [https://fnai.org/naturalcommguide.cfm]
- GNHP [Georgia Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data. Georgia Natural Heritage Program, Wildlife Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Social Circle.
- NatureServe Ecology - Southeastern United States. No date. Unpublished data. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
- Vince, S. W., S. R. Humphrey, and R. W. Simons. 1989. The ecology of hydric hammocks: A community profile. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Biological Report 85(7.26). Washington, DC. 81 pp.