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CEGL002413 Carex comosa - Carex decomposita - Dulichium arundinaceum - Lycopus rubellus Marsh
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Longhair Sedge - Cypress-knee Sedge - Threeway Sedge - Taperleaf Water-horehound Marsh
Colloquial Name: Sinkhole Pond Marsh
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This sinkhole pond marsh type is found in the Interior Highlands region of the United States. Stands occur in sinkholes and depressions of terraces and broad level uplands, including those with karst topography. Soils are very poorly drained, with surface water present for extended periods of the year, sometimes up to 1 m in depth. Soils are deep (>100 cm) consisting of peat, muck, or mineral. The parent material may be sand, rock or loess, where depressions occur on hardpans. The vegetation is variable, depending on water fluctuations, with zones of tall emergents, submerged aquatics, or vegetative mats. Dominant emergents include Typha latifolia, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani and Nelumbo lutea. In Missouri, other characteristic plants include Carex comosa, Glyceria acutiflora, Potamogeton diversifolius, Alopecurus aequalis, Galium tinctorium, Sagittaria rigida, Dulichium arundinaceum, Hottonia inflata, Ceratophyllum echinatum, Viola lanceolata, Wolffia brasiliensis, Isoetes engelmannii. Sand ponds are characterized by Iris fulva, Carex crus-corvi, Rhynchospora corniculata, Juncus nodatus, Saururus cernuus, and Hydrolea uniflora. Indiana ponds may contain Sparganium androcladum, Nuphar advena, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Decodon verticillatus, Utricularia gibba, and Carex comosa.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: The concept of the type is taken from the Missouri state classification - Pond Marsh (Nelson 1985) and Indiana state classification - Sinkhole Pond (Homoya et al. 1985). Nelson provides lists of additional species in Missouri that are restricted to, but potentially not consistently found in, this type. See also thesis work by Haefner (1983), a survey of sinkhole ponds in karst plain topography. This type is found in Kentucky (e.g., Kentucky Broadhead Swamp?, Mammoth Cave) and ought to be in Tennessee. Other sinkhole pond types, ~Decodon verticillatus Southeastern Shrub Swamp (CEGL003905)$$ and ~Cephalanthus occidentalis / Hibiscus moscheutos Wet Shrubland (CEGL004742)$$ may overlap floristically with this type.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The vegetation is variable, depending on water fluctuations, with zones of tall emergents, submerged aquatics, or vegetative mats. Dominant emergents include Typha latifolia, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (= Scirpus tabernaemontani) and Nelumbo lutea. In Missouri, other characteristic plants include Carex comosa, Glyceria acutiflora, Potamogeton diversifolius, Alopecurus aequalis, Galium tinctorium, Sagittaria rigida, Dulichium arundinaceum, Hottonia inflata, Ceratophyllum echinatum, Viola lanceolata, Wolffia brasiliensis (= Wolffia papulifera), Isoetes engelmannii. Sand ponds are characterized by Iris fulva, Carex crus-corvi, Rhynchospora corniculata, Juncus nodatus, Saururus cernuus, and Hydrolea uniflora. Indiana ponds may contain Sparganium androcladum, Nuphar advena (= Nuphar lutea ssp. advena), Cephalanthus occidentalis, Decodon verticillatus, Utricularia gibba, and Carex comosa (Homoya et al. 1985, Nelson 1985).
Dynamics: Droughts may cause these sinkholes to dry out completely (Nelson 1985).
Environmental Description: Stands occur in sinkholes and depressions of terraces and broad level uplands, including those in karst topography. Soils are very poorly drained, with surface water present for extended periods of the year, sometimes up to 1 m in depth. Soils are deep (>100 cm) consisting of peat, muck, or mineral. The parent material may be sand, rock or loess, where depressions occur on hardpans (Nelson 1985).
Geographic Range: This sinkhole pond marsh type is found in the Interior Highlands region of the United States, ranging from southern Indiana and southeastern Missouri to Kentucky and possibly Tennessee.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: IN, KY, MO, TN?
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.686803
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3G4
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 2 Shrub & Herb Vegetation Class | C02 | 2 |
| Subclass | 2.C Shrub & Herb Wetland Subclass | S44 | 2.C |
| Formation | 2.C.4 Temperate to Polar Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Formation | F013 | 2.C.4 |
| Division | 2.C.4.Nd Eastern North American Temperate Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Division | D323 | 2.C.4.Nd |
| Macrogroup | 2.C.4.Nd.2 Broadleaf Cattail - White Snakeroot - Rush species Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Macrogroup | M069 | 2.C.4.Nd.2 |
| Group | 2.C.4.Nd.2.b Common Buttonbush / Sedge species Central Interior Wet Meadow & Shrubland Group | G599 | 2.C.4.Nd.2.b |
| Alliance | A3475 Threeway Sedge - Sedge species Central Interior Pond Marsh Alliance | A3475 | 2.C.4.Nd.2.b |
| Association | CEGL002413 Longhair Sedge - Cypress-knee Sedge - Threeway Sedge - Taperleaf Water-horehound Marsh | CEGL002413 | 2.C.4.Nd.2.b |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Carex comosa - Carex decomposita - Dulichium arundinaceum - Lycopus rubellus Herbaceous Vegetation (Faber-Langendoen 2001)
= Pond Marsh (Nelson 1985)
< Sinkhole Pond (Homoya et al. 1985)
= Pond Marsh (Nelson 1985)
< Sinkhole Pond (Homoya et al. 1985)
- Chastain, R. A., M.A. Struckhoff, K. W. Grabner, E. D. Stroh, H. He, D. R. Larsen, T. A. Nigh, and J. Drake. 2006. Mapping vegetation communities in Ozark National Scenic Riverways: Final technical report to the National Park Service. Open-File Report 2006-1354. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA. 90 pp. plus appendices.
- Faber-Langendoen, D., editor. 2001. Plant communities of the Midwest: Classification in an ecological context. Association for Biodiversity Information, Arlington, VA. 61 pp. plus appendix (705 pp.).
- Haefner, R. A. 1983. A survey of sinkhole pond natural communities in Missouri. M.S. thesis, University of Missouri, Columbia. 83 pp.
- Homoya, M. A., D. B. Abrell, J. R. Aldrich, and T. W. Post. 1985. The natural regions of Indiana. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 94:245-268.
- Leahy, Mike. Personal communication. Missouri Natural Heritage Database, Missouri Department of Conservation, Jefferson City.
- Midwestern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Minneapolis, MN.
- Nelson, P. 2010. The terrestrial natural communities of Missouri. Revised edition. Missouri Natural Areas Committee, Department of Natural Resources and the Department of Conservation, Jefferson City.
- Nelson, P. W. 1985. The terrestrial natural communities of Missouri. Missouri Natural Areas Committee, Jefferson City. 197 pp. Revised edition, 1987.
- Pyne, M., E. Lunsford Jones, and R. White. 2010. Vascular plant inventory and plant community classification for Mammoth Cave National Park. NatureServe, Durham, NC. 334 pp.