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CEGL003833 Quercus virginiana - (Ilex vomitoria) Shrubland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Live Oak - (Yaupon) Shrubland
Colloquial Name: Maritime Shrub (Stunted Tree Type)
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This community is a salt-pruned maritime shrubland of the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain, generally 0.5-3 m tall, with a single, extremely dense stratum, with Quercus virginiana dominant, and sometimes codominated by Ilex vomitoria. Other species may include Smilax auriculata, Gelsemium sempervirens, Smilax bona-nox, Persea borbonia, Zanthoxylum clava-herculis, Pinus taeda, Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola, and Sabal palmetto. At the northern range limit in Virginia, Sabal palmetto, Smilax auriculata, and Persea borbonia are absent, and Ilex vomitoria is less common, while Morella pensylvanica is characteristic. Other associates at the northern range limit include Spartina patens, Cyperus grayi, Lechea maritima var. maritima, and others characteristic of nearby dune grasslands.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: Quercus virginiana dominates or codominates this shrubland, forming a continuous salt- and wind-pruned canopy less than 3 m in height. Other components may include Ilex vomitoria, Smilax auriculata, Gelsemium sempervirens, Smilax bona-nox, Persea borbonia, Zanthoxylum clava-herculis, Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola, and Sabal palmetto. Some occurrences may be codominated by Ilex vomitoria or Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola. At the northern range limit in Virginia, Sabal palmetto, Smilax auriculata, and Persea borbonia are absent, and Ilex vomitoria is less common, while Morella pensylvanica is characteristic. Other associates at the northern range limit include Spartina patens, Cyperus grayi, Lechea maritima var. maritima, and others characteristic of nearby dune grasslands.
Dynamics: Often occurring at the leading edge of maritime forests on Atlantic barrier islands spits, this vegetation is shaped into a dense sculpted canopy by constant salt spray. Catastrophic storms can destroy occurrences of this community and create opportunities for new occurrences to form.
Environmental Description: In North Carolina this shrubland often occurs at the leading edge of maritime forests (M. Schafale pers. comm.). In southeastern Virginia, it generally occupies a zone, sometimes quite broad, between the unstable foredunes and leading secondary dunes, and maritime forests of the stable backdunes.
Geographic Range: This maritime scrub community type occurs on barrier islands and barrier spits along the southern Atlantic Coast of North America.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: GA, NC, SC, VA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.685126
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 2 Shrub & Herb Vegetation Class | C02 | 2 |
| Subclass | 2.B Temperate & Boreal Grassland & Shrubland Subclass | S18 | 2.B |
| Formation | 2.B.4 Temperate to Polar Scrub & Herb Coastal Vegetation Formation | F005 | 2.B.4 |
| Division | 2.B.4.Na Eastern North American Coastal Scrub & Herb Vegetation Division | D026 | 2.B.4.Na |
| Macrogroup | 2.B.4.Na.2 American Beachgrass - Sea-oats - Seaside Goldenrod Dune & Grassland Macrogroup | M057 | 2.B.4.Na.2 |
| Group | 2.B.4.Na.2.a Wax-myrtle - Sea-oats - Shore Little Bluestem Dune & Grassland Group | G494 | 2.B.4.Na.2.a |
| Alliance | A3690 Live Oak - Yaupon - Wax-myrtle Shrubland Alliance | A3690 | 2.B.4.Na.2.a |
| Association | CEGL003833 Live Oak - (Yaupon) Shrubland | CEGL003833 | 2.B.4.Na.2.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Quercus virginiana - (Ilex vomitoria) Shrubland (McManamay 2017b)
- Chafin, L. 2011. Georgia''s natural communities and associated rare plant and animal species: Thumbnail accounts. Based on "Guide to the Natural Communities of Georgia," by Edwards et al. 2013. University of Georgia Press. Georgia Nongame Conservation Section, Wildlife Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources. 125 pp.
- Fleming, G. P., K. D. Patterson, and K. Taverna. 2017. The natural communities of Virginia: A classification of ecological community groups and community types. Third approximation. Version 3.0. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, VA. [http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/natural-communities/]
- GNHP [Georgia Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data. Georgia Natural Heritage Program, Wildlife Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Social Circle.
- McManamay, R. H. 2017b. Vegetation mapping at Cape Lookout National Seashore. Natural Resource Report NPS/SECN/NRR--2017/1561. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 264 pp.
- Nelson, J. B. 1986. The natural communities of South Carolina: Initial classification and description. South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries, Columbia, SC. 55 pp.
- Peet, R. K., T. R. Wentworth, M. P. Schafale, and A.S. Weakley. No date. Unpublished data of the North Carolina Vegetation Survey. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Schafale, Mike P. Personal communication. Ecologist, North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.