Print Report
CEGL001562 Carex utriculata Wet Meadow
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Northwest Territory Sedge Wet Meadow
Colloquial Name: Northwest Territory Sedge Wet Meadow
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This herbaceous wetland association is found throughout much of the western U.S. Stands occur in montane and subalpine areas around the edges of lakes and beaver ponds, along the margins of slow-moving reaches of streams and rivers, and in marshy swales and overflow channels on broad floodplains. Sites are flat to undulating, often with a hummocky microtopography. The water table is usually near the surface for most of the growing season. There are a wide variety of soil types for this association. The vegetation is characterized by a moderately dense to dense perennial graminoid layer dominated or codominated by Carex utriculata (20-99% cover). Stands often appear to be nearly pure Carex utriculata, but a variety of other graminoid species may be present as well. Other Carex species present include Carex aquatilis, Carex canescens, Carex lenticularis, Carex aquatilis, and Carex microptera, but usually with low cover. Other graminoid species that may be present include Calamagrostis canadensis, Eriophorum angustifolium, Glyceria striata, and Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis. The sparse forb cover can include Geum macrophyllum, Fragaria virginiana, Mentha arvensis, and Mimulus guttatus. Scattered Salix spp. shrubs may be present because these riparian shrublands are often adjacent. Salix species vary depending on elevation and geography. This association is distinguished from ~Carex aquatilis - Carex utriculata Wet Meadow (CEGL001803)$$ by the dominance of Carex utriculata. Carex aquatilis, if present, is not more than one-third of the total cover.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Carex rostrata var. utriculata (Boott) Bailey was recognized as a distinct species from Carex rostrata Stokes and named Carex utriculata Boott (Kartesz 1999). This taxonomic change has led to confusion in some of the earlier vegetation classification literature where no distinction was made between the subspecies. ~Carex utriculata Wet Meadow (CEGL001562)$$ is known only from the western U.S., and for now, Carex rostrata communities are known only from the midwestern U.S. and Canada. According to Kartesz (1999), Carex rostrata is reported from most of Canada, some Great Lakes states, and Montana, Idaho, and Washington in the western U.S. There is significant overlap in the species ranges, and additional survey work is needed to help clarify this.
This association (CEGL001562) is distinguished from the mixed ~Carex aquatilis - Carex utriculata Wet Meadow (CEGL001803)$$ and ~Carex aquatilis Wet Meadow (CEGL001802)$$ by having a clear dominance of Carex utriculata. Carex aquatilis can be present but can have no more than one-third the cover of Carex utriculata. ~Carex aquatilis Wet Meadow (CEGL001802)$$ can have up to one-third the cover by Carex utriculata; in both cases the dominant sedge is at least two-thirds the total cover in the stand. In ~Carex aquatilis - Carex utriculata Wet Meadow (CEGL001803)$$, there is an even mix, such that the two species have even abundance and distribution throughout the stand, so that it is difficult to say one is more dominant over the other. In addition, Carex utriculata occurs on wetter sites than Carex aquatilis-dominated stands and often, but not exclusively, occupies organic soils.
This association (CEGL001562) is distinguished from the mixed ~Carex aquatilis - Carex utriculata Wet Meadow (CEGL001803)$$ and ~Carex aquatilis Wet Meadow (CEGL001802)$$ by having a clear dominance of Carex utriculata. Carex aquatilis can be present but can have no more than one-third the cover of Carex utriculata. ~Carex aquatilis Wet Meadow (CEGL001802)$$ can have up to one-third the cover by Carex utriculata; in both cases the dominant sedge is at least two-thirds the total cover in the stand. In ~Carex aquatilis - Carex utriculata Wet Meadow (CEGL001803)$$, there is an even mix, such that the two species have even abundance and distribution throughout the stand, so that it is difficult to say one is more dominant over the other. In addition, Carex utriculata occurs on wetter sites than Carex aquatilis-dominated stands and often, but not exclusively, occupies organic soils.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This plant association is characterized by a moderately dense to dense perennial graminoid layer dominated or codominated by Carex utriculata (20-99% cover). Stands often appear to be nearly pure Carex utriculata, but a variety of other graminoid species may be present as well. Other Carex species present include Carex aquatilis, Carex canescens, Carex lenticularis, Carex microptera, Carex nebrascensis, and Carex scopulorum, but usually with low cover. Other graminoid species that may be present include Calamagrostis canadensis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Eriophorum angustifolium, Glyceria striata, and Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis (= Juncus balticus). Sparse forb cover may include Epilobium spp., Geum macrophyllum, Fragaria virginiana, Mentha arvensis, Mimulus guttatus, and Polemonium occidentale. Scattered Salix spp. shrubs may be present because these riparian shrublands are often adjacent. Salix species vary depending on elevation and geography. Salix monticola, Salix drummondiana, Salix geyeriana, Salix planifolia, Salix wolfii, and Salix exigua are common species.
Dynamics: Carex utriculata is a widespread species that colonizes recently formed pond edges and seasonally flooded areas near streams. Once established it is long-lived and will dominate sites unless disturbed with changes in site hydrology. Soil development (over time) may decrease soil moisture and allow other species to replace it (Manning and Padgett 1995).
Environmental Description: This herbaceous wetland association is found throughout much of the western U.S. Elevation ranges from near sea level in California to more than 3400 m (0-11,150 feet) in the Rocky Mountains. Stands typically occur in montane and subalpine areas around the edges of lakes and beaver ponds, along the margins of slow-moving reaches of streams and rivers, and in marshy swales and overflow channels on broad floodplains (Kittel et al. 1999b). Sites are flat to undulating, often with a hummocky microtopography (Kovalchik 1993). The water table is usually near the surface for most of the growing season. There are a wide variety of soil types for this association ranging from saturated organics or fine silty clays to clays over cobbles and alluvium to fine-loamy and sandy-skeletal, with an organic surface layer. Many stands occur on organic muck or peat soils. Mottling and gleying often occur near the surface because of the high water table.
Geographic Range: This wetland association in found at montane and subalpine elevations throughout much of the western U.S.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: AB, AZ?, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.684210
Confidence Level: High
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G5
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 2 Shrub & Herb Vegetation Class | C02 | 2 |
| Subclass | 2.C Shrub & Herb Wetland Subclass | S44 | 2.C |
| Formation | 2.C.4 Temperate to Polar Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Formation | F013 | 2.C.4 |
| Division | 2.C.4.Nb Western North American Temperate Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Division | D031 | 2.C.4.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 2.C.4.Nb.5 Sitka Alder - Booth''s Willow / Northwest Territory Sedge Montane Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland Macrogroup | M893 | 2.C.4.Nb.5 |
| Group | 2.C.4.Nb.5.b Sedge species - Reedgrass species Montane Wet Meadow & Marsh Group | G521 | 2.C.4.Nb.5.b |
| Alliance | A3804 Water Sedge - Northwest Territory Sedge - Tufted Hairgrass Wet Meadow Alliance | A3804 | 2.C.4.Nb.5.b |
| Association | CEGL001562 Northwest Territory Sedge Wet Meadow | CEGL001562 | 2.C.4.Nb.5.b |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: >< Carex aquatilis - Carex utriculata Vegetation Type (Achuff et al. 2002)
= Carex rossii Community (Franklin and Dyrness 1973)
< Carex rostrata - Carex aquatilis Community Type (Tuhy and Jensen 1982)
= Carex rostrata (Kovalchik 1987) [(p.118)]
= Carex rostrata Association (Benedict 1983)
? Carex rostrata Community Type (Mutel 1973)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Manning and Padgett 1995)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Padgett et al. 1989)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Youngblood et al. 1985a)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Youngblood et al. 1985b)
? Carex rostrata Community Type (Norton et al. 1981)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Padgett et al. 1988b)
< Carex rostrata Habitat Type (Hall and Hansen 1997)
< Carex rostrata Habitat Type (Hansen et al. 1995)
= Carex rostrata Habitat Type, Carex rostrata Phase (Mattson 1984)
< Carex rostrata Transitions Community Type (Mutz and Graham 1982)
= Carex utriculata (Kittel et al. 1999b)
= Carex utriculata (Crowe and Clausnitzer 1997)
= Carex utriculata (Murray 2000)
= Carex utriculata (Sawyer et al. 2009) [52.120.01]
= Carex utriculata (McCain and Christy 2005) [53 plots]
= Carex utriculata Association (Christy 2004)
= Carex utriculata Association (Kovalchik 1993)
= Carex utriculata Association (Crowe et al. 2004)
= Carex utriculata Herbaceous Vegetation (Carsey et al. 2003a)
= Carex utriculata Herbaceous Vegetation (Keeler-Wolf et al. 2012)
= Carex utriculata Herbaceous Vegetation (Carsey et al. 2003b)
= Carex utriculata Wet Meadow (DiPaolo et al. 2018)
= Carex utriculata association (Crawford 2003) [3 plots]
= Carisetum rostratae Association (Nachlinger 1985)
= Beaked sedge (Carex utriculata) Plant Association (Kittel et al. 1999a)
= Beaked sedge (Carex utriculata) Plant Association (Kittel et al. 1997a)
< Natural Wet Meadows (Mutel 1976)
< Wet Meadows (Andrews 1983)
= Carex rossii Community (Franklin and Dyrness 1973)
< Carex rostrata - Carex aquatilis Community Type (Tuhy and Jensen 1982)
= Carex rostrata (Kovalchik 1987) [(p.118)]
= Carex rostrata Association (Benedict 1983)
? Carex rostrata Community Type (Mutel 1973)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Manning and Padgett 1995)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Padgett et al. 1989)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Youngblood et al. 1985a)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Youngblood et al. 1985b)
? Carex rostrata Community Type (Norton et al. 1981)
= Carex rostrata Community Type (Padgett et al. 1988b)
< Carex rostrata Habitat Type (Hall and Hansen 1997)
< Carex rostrata Habitat Type (Hansen et al. 1995)
= Carex rostrata Habitat Type, Carex rostrata Phase (Mattson 1984)
< Carex rostrata Transitions Community Type (Mutz and Graham 1982)
= Carex utriculata (Kittel et al. 1999b)
= Carex utriculata (Crowe and Clausnitzer 1997)
= Carex utriculata (Murray 2000)
= Carex utriculata (Sawyer et al. 2009) [52.120.01]
= Carex utriculata (McCain and Christy 2005) [53 plots]
= Carex utriculata Association (Christy 2004)
= Carex utriculata Association (Kovalchik 1993)
= Carex utriculata Association (Crowe et al. 2004)
= Carex utriculata Herbaceous Vegetation (Carsey et al. 2003a)
= Carex utriculata Herbaceous Vegetation (Keeler-Wolf et al. 2012)
= Carex utriculata Herbaceous Vegetation (Carsey et al. 2003b)
= Carex utriculata Wet Meadow (DiPaolo et al. 2018)
= Carex utriculata association (Crawford 2003) [3 plots]
= Carisetum rostratae Association (Nachlinger 1985)
= Beaked sedge (Carex utriculata) Plant Association (Kittel et al. 1999a)
= Beaked sedge (Carex utriculata) Plant Association (Kittel et al. 1997a)
< Natural Wet Meadows (Mutel 1976)
< Wet Meadows (Andrews 1983)
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