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CEGL007322 Tsuga heterophylla - (Thuja plicata, Alnus rubra) / Lysichiton americanus - Athyrium filix-femina Swamp Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Western Hemlock - (Western Red-cedar, Red Alder) / American Skunk-cabbage - Common Ladyfern Swamp Forest
Colloquial Name: No Data Available
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This association is currently described from San Juan Island National Historical Park, Washington. Additional global information will be added when available. This forested wetland association occurs in the lowlands throughout western Washington, except perhaps on the outer coastal plain of the Olympic Peninsula. This type occurs exclusively on poorly drained sites that are saturated or seasonally flooded. Soils are saturated throughout the growing season and are often organic (muck or woody peat) but may also be mineral. The semi-open to dense forest canopy is dominated by Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata, and/or Alnus rubra. Either Tsuga heterophylla or Thuja plicata are always at least codominant. Picea sitchensis, Pseudotsuga menziesii, or Abies amabilis are sometimes present in lesser abundance. Tree regeneration is generally dominated by Tsuga heterophylla. The shrub layer varies from sparse to well-developed. Rubus spectabilis is usually the most abundant species. Acer circinatum is sometimes prominent. The herb layer is well-developed and dominated or codominated by Lysichiton americanus. Athyrium filix-femina is usually present to prominent. The understory is characterized by at least 5% cover of Lysichiton americanus, relatively low abundance of Gaultheria shallon, and the presence to prominence of Rubus spectabilis or Athyrium filix-femina. Species composition within the San Juan Island National Historical Park occurrences include an overstory dominated by Thuja plicata with Alnus rubra being prominent. Rubus spectabilis is the dominant shrub. Herbaceous species include Lysichiton americanus, Polystichum munitum, Calamagrostis canadensis, Athyrium filix-femina, Galium aparine, Veronica americana, and Equisetum arvense. This association occurs only in wetlands. It is sensitive to changes in hydrology or water quality and to logging disturbance.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: No Data Available
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: No Data Available
Geographic Range: No Data Available
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: BC, WA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.979484
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNR
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Ng Vancouverian Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D193 | 1.B.3.Ng |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Ng.1 Vancouverian Flooded & Swamp Forest Macrogroup | M035 | 1.B.3.Ng.1 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Ng.1.e Western Hemlock - Red Alder / Yellow Skunk-cabbage Swamp Forest Group | G853 | 1.B.3.Ng.1.e |
| Alliance | A4285 Western Hemlock - Sitka Spruce / American Skunk-cabbage Swamp Forest Alliance | A4285 | 1.B.3.Ng.1.e |
| Association | CEGL007322 Western Hemlock - (Western Red-cedar, Red Alder) / American Skunk-cabbage - Common Ladyfern Swamp Forest | CEGL007322 | 1.B.3.Ng.1.e |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Tsuga heterophylla - (Thuja plicata - Alnus rubra) / Lysichiton americanus - Athyrium filix-femina Forest Association (Rocchio et al. 2012)
= Tsuga heterophylla-(Thuja plicata-Alnus rubra)/Lysichiton americanus-Athyrium filix-femina (Meidinger et al. 2005) [PNWCOAST_238+270+275]
= Tsuga heterophylla-(Thuja plicata-Alnus rubra)/Lysichiton americanus-Athyrium filix-femina Forest (Crawford et al. 2009)
> CWH dm /12 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH ms 1 /11 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH ms 2 /11 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH ws 1 /11 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH ws 1 /11 (Banner et al. 1993)
= Tsuga heterophylla-(Thuja plicata-Alnus rubra)/Lysichiton americanus-Athyrium filix-femina (Meidinger et al. 2005) [PNWCOAST_238+270+275]
= Tsuga heterophylla-(Thuja plicata-Alnus rubra)/Lysichiton americanus-Athyrium filix-femina Forest (Crawford et al. 2009)
> CWH dm /12 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH ms 1 /11 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH ms 2 /11 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH ws 1 /11 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH ws 1 /11 (Banner et al. 1993)
- BCMFRB [British Columbia Ministry of Forests Research Branch]. 2003a. Vegetation classification hierarchy: BECMaster May 2003. British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Victoria, BC.
- Banner, A., W. MacKenzie, S. Haeussler, S. Thomson, J. Pojar, and R. Trowbridge. 1993. A field guide to site identification and interpretation for the Prince Rupert Forest Region. Ministry of Forests Research Program. Victoria, BC. Parts 1 and 2. Land Management Handbook Number 26.
- Crawford, R. C., C. B. Chappell, C. C. Thompson, and F. J. Rocchio. 2009. Vegetation classification of Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic national parks. Plant association descriptions and identification keys: Appendices A-G. Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCCN/NRTR--2009/D-586. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 586 pp.
- Green, R. N., and K. Klinka. 1994. A field guide to site interpretation for the Vancouver Forest Region. British Columbia Ministry of Forests. ISSN 0229-1622 Land Management Handbook 28. 285 pp.
- Meidinger, D., C. Chappell, C. Cadrin, G. Kittel, C. McCain, K. Boggs, J. Kagan, G. Cushon, A. Banner, and T. DeMeo. 2005. International Vegetation Classification of the Pacific Northwest: International correlation of temperate coastal forest plant associations of Oregon, Washington, British Columbia and Alaska. Contributors: B.C. Ministry of Forests, USDA Forest Service, B.C. Conservation Data Centre, Alaska Natural Heritage Program, Washington Natural Heritage Program, and Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center.
- Rocchio, F. J., R. C. Crawford, and C. C. Thompson. 2012. San Juan Island National Historical Park vegetation classification and mapping project. Natural Resource Report NPS/NCCN/NRR--2012/603. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 188 pp.
- Western Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boulder, CO.