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CEGL006766 Pinus (rigida, echinata) / Quercus marilandica / Minuartia caroliniana Woodland

Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available


Common (Translated Scientific) Name: (Pitch Pine, Shortleaf Pine) / Blackjack Oak / Pine Barren Stitchwort Woodland

Colloquial Name: Mixed Pine / Shrub Oak Barrens

Hierarchy Level:  Association

Type Concept: Mixed pine-shrub oak barrens (Pb1) is a fire-dependent community restricted to the fire-prone central Pinelands of New Jersey, but in landscape positions with a slightly milder fire intensity (and frequency) regime. It typically has an open canopy strongly dominated by Pinus rigida and/or Pinus echinata, about 5% tree-oak cover of midstory Quercus stellata, minor amounts of Quercus velutina and Sassafras albidum, and a well-developed shrub-oak stratum with 25-100% cover typically, with shrub-form Quercus marilandica, Quercus ilicifolia, Quercus x brittonii (i.e., blackjack-scrub oak hybrids), and sometimes Quercus prinoides. Low heath shrubs include Gaylussacia baccata and Vaccinium pallidum. Herbs often include Pteridium aquilinum, Minuartia caroliniana, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Hudsonia ericoides, Schizachyrium scoparium, Carex pensylvanica and lichens.

Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available

Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available

Classification Comments: No Data Available

Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available

Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available

Floristics: No Data Available

Dynamics:  Mixed pine-shrub oak barrens are maintained by mean fire-return intervals of perhaps 20-30 years, which is frequent enough to maintain an open canopy and pine-shrub oak dominance, but is too frequent for tree-oaks to reproduce well and dominate. The incongruity of high shortleaf pine cover in a pine-shrub oak barrens appears associated with slightly fire-protected landscape positions having milder fire intensity regimes, with more scorching fires than crowning fires. Common associates post oak, dwarf chestnut oak, pine barrens sandwort and Pickering''s morning glory are also species that are more sensitive to intense fire regimes, indicating a somewhat milder fire regime than in pitch pine-shrub oak barrens. Mixed pine-shrub oak barrens often mix with and grade into pine-oak-shrub oak woodland types where tree oaks exceed 5% cover, further indicating a locally milder fire regime. Fire frequencies may also be somewhat reduced. Slightly fire-protected landscape positions where Pb1 is found include fire shadows next to rivers and swamps, smaller firesheds of the western pine-oak subregion where mosaics of pine-shrub oak barrens and OP/PO/POw types with tree-oaks co-occur, and open sandy sites with sparser fuel loads such as xeric river terraces, eolian sand deposits or historical disturbances.

Environmental Description:  No Data Available

Geographic Range: This association is restricted to the New Jersey Pine Barrens.

Nations: US

States/Provinces:  NJ




Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented

Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available

Grank: GNR

Greasons: No Data Available


Concept Lineage: No Data Available

Predecessors: No Data Available

Obsolete Names: No Data Available

Obsolete Parents: No Data Available

Synonomy: = Pitch pine-shortleaf pine-shrub oak barrens (Pb1) (Windisch 2014a)

Concept Author(s): A. Windisch (2014a)

Author of Description: A. Windisch (NJNHP)

Acknowledgements: No Data Available

Version Date: 08-01-15

  • Eastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boston, MA.
  • Windisch, A .G. 2014a. Pinelands ecological communities and higher level groups with crosswalk / proposed 2008 revisions to NVC. November 16, 2014 draft. New Jersey Natural Heritage Program, Trenton.