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CEGL005577 Tsuga heterophylla - Thuja plicata / Gaultheria shallon / Blechnum spicant Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Western Hemlock - Western Red-cedar / Salal / Deer Fern Forest
Colloquial Name: No Data Available
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This western hemlock forest - western red-cedar of Alaska and Washington and possibly British Columbia has a canopy dominated by Thuja plicata and Tsuga heterophylla. Abies amabilis is sometimes prominent and can infrequently codominate. Tree regeneration is dominated by Tsuga heterophylla and/or Abies amabilis. Gaultheria shallon dominates the well-developed shrub layer. Vaccinium alaskaense, Vaccinium parvifolium and Menziesia ferruginea are usually present to prominent or occasionally codominant. The herb layer is variable in total cover. Blechnum spicant is always present and often prominent or dominant in the herb layer. Polystichum munitum is absent or present only in low amounts. In Washington, this association occurs on well-drained upland sites on the western coastal plain of the Olympic Peninsula and in the eastern Willapa Hills. It tends to occur on gentle or rolling topography. Logging practices have converted many areas to tree plantations.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: No Data Available
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: No Data Available
Geographic Range: This association is limited primarily to a strip no more than about 20 miles wide adjacent to the Pacific Ocean, though apparently expanding further inland on northern Vancouver Island.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: AK, BC, WA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.942473
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G4G5
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Nd Vancouverian Forest & Woodland Division | D192 | 1.B.2.Nd |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Nd.3 Western Hemlock - Sitka Spruce - Redwood Rainforest Macrogroup | M024 | 1.B.2.Nd.3 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Nd.3.d Pacific Silver Fir - Western Hemlock Rainforest Group | G241 | 1.B.2.Nd.3.d |
| Alliance | A3386 Pacific Silver Fir - Western Hemlock / Sweet After Death Forest Alliance | A3386 | 1.B.2.Nd.3.d |
| Association | CEGL005577 Western Hemlock - Western Red-cedar / Salal / Deer Fern Forest | CEGL005577 | 1.B.2.Nd.3.d |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: >< Abies amabilis / Gaultheria shallon / Blechnum spicant (Henderson et al. 1989)
= Tsuga heterophylla-Thuja plicata-(Abies amabilis)/Gaultheria shallon/Blechnum spicant (Meidinger et al. 2005) [PNWCOAST_276+267+273]
= Tsuga heterophylla-Thuja plicata-(Abies amabilis)/Gaultheria shallon/Blechnum spicant Forest (Crawford et al. 2009)
> Tsuga heterophylla-Thuja plicata/Gaultheria shallon (Boggs 1996)
> Tsuga heterophylla-Thuja plicata/Vaccinium sp.-Gaultheria shallon (Boggs 1996)
> CWH vh 1 /01 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 1 /03 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 1 /11 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 2 /01 (Banner et al. 1993)
> CWH vh 2 /01 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 2 /03 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 2 /03 (Banner et al. 1993)
> CWH vm 1 /01s (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vm 1 /01s (Banner et al. 1993)
> CWH vm 1 /06s (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vm 1 /06s (Banner et al. 1993)
> CWH wh 1 /02 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH wh 1 /04 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH wh 2 /02 (Green and Klinka 1994)
= Tsuga heterophylla-Thuja plicata-(Abies amabilis)/Gaultheria shallon/Blechnum spicant (Meidinger et al. 2005) [PNWCOAST_276+267+273]
= Tsuga heterophylla-Thuja plicata-(Abies amabilis)/Gaultheria shallon/Blechnum spicant Forest (Crawford et al. 2009)
> Tsuga heterophylla-Thuja plicata/Gaultheria shallon (Boggs 1996)
> Tsuga heterophylla-Thuja plicata/Vaccinium sp.-Gaultheria shallon (Boggs 1996)
> CWH vh 1 /01 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 1 /03 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 1 /11 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 2 /01 (Banner et al. 1993)
> CWH vh 2 /01 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 2 /03 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vh 2 /03 (Banner et al. 1993)
> CWH vm 1 /01s (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vm 1 /01s (Banner et al. 1993)
> CWH vm 1 /06s (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH vm 1 /06s (Banner et al. 1993)
> CWH wh 1 /02 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH wh 1 /04 (Green and Klinka 1994)
> CWH wh 2 /02 (Green and Klinka 1994)
- BCMFRB [British Columbia Ministry of Forests Research Branch]. 2003a. Vegetation classification hierarchy: BECMaster May 2003. British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Victoria, BC.
- Banner, A., W. MacKenzie, S. Haeussler, S. Thomson, J. Pojar, and R. Trowbridge. 1993. A field guide to site identification and interpretation for the Prince Rupert Forest Region. Ministry of Forests Research Program. Victoria, BC. Parts 1 and 2. Land Management Handbook Number 26.
- Bigley, R., and S. Hull. 1995. Draft guide to plant associations on the Olympic Experimental Forest. Washington Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA. 50 pp.
- Boggs, K. 1996. Forested plant communities of maritime southcentral and southeast Alaska. Unpublished report of the Alaska Natural Heritage Program, University of Alaska, Anchorage.
- Bourgeron, P. S., and L. D. Engelking, editors. 1994. A preliminary vegetation classification of the western United States. Unpublished report. The Nature Conservancy, Western Heritage Task Force, Boulder, CO. 175 pp. plus appendix.
- Crawford, R. C., C. B. Chappell, C. C. Thompson, and F. J. Rocchio. 2009. Vegetation classification of Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic national parks. Plant association descriptions and identification keys: Appendices A-G. Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCCN/NRTR--2009/D-586. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 586 pp.
- Green, R. N., and K. Klinka. 1994. A field guide to site interpretation for the Vancouver Forest Region. British Columbia Ministry of Forests. ISSN 0229-1622 Land Management Handbook 28. 285 pp.
- Henderson, J. A., D. A. Peter, R. Lesher, and D. C. Shaw. 1989. Forested plant associations of the Olympic National Forest. R6-ECOL-TP-001-88. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, Portland, OR. 502 pp.
- Henderson, J. A., D. A. Peter, R. Lesher, and D. C. Shaw. 1992. Field guide to forested plant associations of the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. Technical Paper R6-ECOL-TP-028-91. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, Portland, OR. 196 pp.
- Meidinger, D., C. Chappell, C. Cadrin, G. Kittel, C. McCain, K. Boggs, J. Kagan, G. Cushon, A. Banner, and T. DeMeo. 2005. International Vegetation Classification of the Pacific Northwest: International correlation of temperate coastal forest plant associations of Oregon, Washington, British Columbia and Alaska. Contributors: B.C. Ministry of Forests, USDA Forest Service, B.C. Conservation Data Centre, Alaska Natural Heritage Program, Washington Natural Heritage Program, and Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center.
- WNHP [Washington Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data files. Washington Natural Heritage Program, Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA.
- Western Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boulder, CO.