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CEGL007132 Pinus palustris / Quercus laevis / Aristida beyrichiana - Tephrosia chrysophylla Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Longleaf Pine / Turkey Oak / Beyrich''s Three-awn - Scurf Hoary-pea Woodland
Colloquial Name: Florida Peninsula Xeric Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This association is restricted to ridgetops and upper slopes of the ridges physiographic provinces of north and central peninsular Florida and reaches the southern limits of its distribution on the southern Lake Wales Ridge near Sebring, Florida. These xeric sandhills occupy well- and excessively well-drained Entisols, which are notable for their lack of soil profile development. The sparse open canopy is dominated by Pinus palustris and typically lacks a well-developed subcanopy. However, the midstory shrub layer may be well-developed, even under frequent fire conditions, and is dominated by Quercus laevis, Quercus incana, and Quercus geminata. Aristida beyrichiana is the dominant species in the herbaceous layer, but Sorghastrum secundum, Schizachyrium scoparium var. stoloniferum, and Sporobolus junceus are also common and abundant. Other diagnostic herbaceous species include Balduina angustifolia, Bulbostylis spp., Cnidoscolus urens var. stimulosus, Eragrostis refracta, Lechea sessiliflora, Pityopsis graminifolia, Tephrosia chrysophylla, and Stillingia sylvatica.
Diagnostic Characteristics: The absence of the midstory oak Quercus margarettae distinguishes this association from xeric sandhills of the Florida Panhandle, as well as sandhills of more fertile soils. In addition, this type is distinguished from other sandhills by its occurrence in northern and central peninsular Florida, a high level of endemic and range-restricted plant species, low species richness relative to other xeric habitats (e.g., ~Pinus palustris / Quercus laevis / Licania michauxii / Pityopsis aspera Woodland (CEGL003583)$$), and dominance of Aristida beyrichiana in the herbaceous layer. Balduina angustifolia and Bulbostylis warei are indicative of this type.
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Concept and description were changed based on 13 plots from the Carolina Vegetation Survey (http://vegbank.org/cite/VB.ds.199700). The association corresponds almost exactly to type XU1 (Peninsular Xeric Sandhills) of Carr et al. (2010) and is also similar to former Pinus palustris / Quercus (laevis, myrtifolia) / Aristida beyrichiana - Chapmannia floridana Woodland (CEGL008569) which, while broadly applied, was originally based on 9 patches in the Ocala National Forest with the description making reference to NatureServe plots from Hughes and Syracuse islands. The NatureServe plots from these two locations were included in the analysis, but they did not fall within this association, or even in ~Xeric Longleaf Pine Woodland Group (G154)$$, but rather represent the scrubby flatwoods of ~Pinus palustris - Pinus elliottii / Quercus chapmanii / Aristida beyrichiana Woodland (CEGL007750)$$ of ~Mesic Longleaf Pine Flatwoods - Spodosol Woodland Group (G596)$$. Despite the narrow basis in plots of CEGL008569, the verbal description and application span multiple associations recognized in the analysis, including this association (CEGL007132) and ~Pinus palustris / Quercus laevis / Aristida beyrichiana - Pterocaulon pycnostachyum Woodland (CEGL004490)$$. Owing to the broad and vague description of CEGL008569 and its inconsistent use, it has been retired.
Former Pinus palustris / Quercus laevis - Quercus geminata / Ceratiola ericoides Woodland (CEGL004491) represented extreme xeric sites of Florida and adjacent Georgia, but was vaguely defined and appeared to differ from CEGL007132 only in the consistency of occurrence of Ceratiola. Since no plots were originally assigned to or fit the description of CEGL004491, and as the definition is not significantly different from the broader CEGL007132, CEGL004491 is considered merely a part of CEGL007132. However, examples of CEGL004491 do occur in the sandhills of Alachua and Levy counties, Florida, in the northern reaches of the Brooksville Ridge (S. Carr pers. obs.) with the dominants across strata largely the same, except for Ceratiola. CEGL004491 has been merged with CEGL007132, until more data become available and it can be demonstrated to be distinct from CEGL007132.
Former Pinus palustris / Quercus laevis - Quercus geminata / Ceratiola ericoides Woodland (CEGL004491) represented extreme xeric sites of Florida and adjacent Georgia, but was vaguely defined and appeared to differ from CEGL007132 only in the consistency of occurrence of Ceratiola. Since no plots were originally assigned to or fit the description of CEGL004491, and as the definition is not significantly different from the broader CEGL007132, CEGL004491 is considered merely a part of CEGL007132. However, examples of CEGL004491 do occur in the sandhills of Alachua and Levy counties, Florida, in the northern reaches of the Brooksville Ridge (S. Carr pers. obs.) with the dominants across strata largely the same, except for Ceratiola. CEGL004491 has been merged with CEGL007132, until more data become available and it can be demonstrated to be distinct from CEGL007132.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The sparse open canopy is dominated by Pinus palustris, although Pinus elliottii var. densa increases in dominance in sandhills of the southern Lake Wales Ridge. The subcanopy layer is relatively sparse, but the shrub layer is typically well-developed and composed of a mix of Quercus laevis, Quercus geminata, Quercus incana, Licania michauxii, and Rhus copallinum. Quercus myrtifolia may be present in clonal patches. Two palmetto species inhabit this association: Serenoa repens and Sabal etonia. The former is common in many upland and flatwoods communities, whereas the latter is endemic to xeric uplands of central Florida and may be a good indicator of this association. The herbaceous layer is fairly well-developed and dominated by Aristida beyrichiana, which often reaches high abundance. Among the most frequently encountered (=85% of plot) herbaceous species are Andropogon gyrans var. gyrans (= Andropogon elliottii), Andropogon ternarius, Balduina angustifolia, Bulbostylis sp., Carphephorus corymbosus, Cnidoscolus urens var. stimulosus (= Cnidoscolus stimulosus), Cyperus sp., Dichanthelium aciculare (= Dichanthelium angustifolium), Dichanthelium ovale, Lechea sessiliflora, Liatris tenuifolia, Paspalum setaceum, Pityopsis graminifolia, Rhynchospora grayi, Schizachyrium scoparium, Scleria ciliata, Sorghastrum secundum, Sporobolus junceus, Stillingia sylvatica, Tephrosia chrysophylla, and Tragia urens. Peninsular xeric sandhills are home to many range-restricted and endemic species, such as Chapmannia floridana, Solidago odora var. chapmanii, Liatris tenuifolia var. quadriflora, Bulbostylis warei, Sabal etonia, and Asimina incana.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: These north/south-oriented ridges are of marine origin and approximate emergent portions of ancient Pliocene-Pleistocene shorelines and associated marine deposits (Puri and Vernon 1964, Rowley et al. 2013). Soils are Entisols, which are coarse, sandy and generally yellowish in color, contain exceedingly low concentrations of clay and silt, are acidic, infertile, and generally have no discernible seasonal water table. This association is known to occur on several soil series, including Astatula, Candler, and Adamsville.
Geographic Range: This association is restricted to ridgetops and upper slopes of the ridges physiographic provinces of northern and central peninsular Florida. The largest of these systems include the Brooksville, Deland, Trail, and Lake Wales ridges. Known occurrences of this type are found in Alachua, Clay, Gilchrist, Levy, Marion, Orange, Pasco, and Putnam counties, Florida.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: FL
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.932251
Confidence Level: High
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G2
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.1 Warm Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F018 | 1.B.1 |
| Division | 1.B.1.Na Southeastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D006 | 1.B.1.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.1.Na.1 Longleaf Pine / Pineland Three-awn Woodland Macrogroup | M007 | 1.B.1.Na.1 |
| Group | 1.B.1.Na.1.c Longleaf Pine / Turkey Oak Xeric Woodland Group | G154 | 1.B.1.Na.1.c |
| Alliance | A4076 Longleaf Pine / Turkey Oak - Sand Live Oak Woodland Alliance | A4076 | 1.B.1.Na.1.c |
| Association | CEGL007132 Longleaf Pine / Turkey Oak / Beyrich''s Three-awn - Scurf Hoary-pea Woodland | CEGL007132 | 1.B.1.Na.1.c |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Pinus palustris / Quercus laevis / Aristida beyrichiana - Tephrosia chrysophylla Woodland (Palmquist et al. 2016)
= Peninsula Xeric Sandhills (Carr et al. 2010) [approximately equivalent]
= Peninsula Xeric Sandhills (Carr et al. 2010) [approximately equivalent]
- Carr, S. C., K. M. Robertson, and R. K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75(2):153-189.
- Carr, S. Personal communication. Forest Ecologist. USDA Forest Service, Kisatchie National Forest, Alexandria, LA.
- FNAI [Florida Natural Areas Inventory]. 2010a. Guide to the natural communities of Florida: 2010 edition. Florida Natural Areas Inventory, Tallahassee, FL. 228 pp. [https://fnai.org/naturalcommguide.cfm]
- Palmquist, K. A., R. K. Peet, and S. C. Carr. 2016. Xeric longleaf pine vegetation of the Atlantic and East Gulf Coast Coastal Plain: An evaluation and revision of associations within the U.S. National Vegetation Classification. Proceedings of the U.S. National Vegetation Classification. [in press]
- Puri, H. S., and R. O. Vernon. 1964. Summary of the geology of Florida. Florida Geological Survey Special Publication 5 (revised). 312 pp.
- Rowley, D. B., A. M. Forte, R. Moucha, J. X. Mitrovica, N. A. Simmons, and S. P. Grand. 2013. Dynamic topography change of the eastern United States since 3 million years ago. Science 340(6140):1560-1563.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.