Print Report
A3339 Triadica sebifera - Melaleuca quinquenervia - Schinus terebinthifolius Ruderal Flooded & Swamp Forest Alliance
Type Concept Sentence: These warm temperate wetland forests and woodlands of floodplains, riparian areas, depressions, and wet flats are dominated by exotic trees, such as Triadica sebifera, Melaleuca quinquenervia, or Schinus terebinthifolius.
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Chinese Tallow - Punktree - Brazilian Peppertree Ruderal Flooded & Swamp Forest Alliance
Colloquial Name: Southern Exotic Ruderal Flooded & Swamp Forest
Hierarchy Level: Alliance
Type Concept: These warm temperate wetland forests and woodlands of floodplains, riparian areas, depressions, and wet flats are dominated by exotic trees, such as Triadica sebifera, Melaleuca quinquenervia, or Schinus terebinthifolius. These introduced trees have spread and come to dominate or codominate wetlands in the southern and southeastern United States. There are a variety of other ruderal native and exotic trees which may occur in these wetlands.
Diagnostic Characteristics: Wetland forest and woodlands of the southern and southeastern United States which are dominated by exotic tree species.
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This alliance could be divided further based on HGM criteria, such as depression, flats, and riverine wetlands dominated by exotic species. However, it is not clear that HGM-based alliances would be supported based upon the floristics of the vegetation. Schinus terebinthifolius-dominated communities are known from the vicinity of Corpus Christi, Texas, and south along the coast.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: Forests and tall shrublands (>5 m) of this alliance can be extremely dense. Shade and perhaps allelopathic factors limit the presence of other vascular plants.
Floristics: These wetlands are dominated by exotic trees, such as Triadica sebifera, Melaleuca quinquenervia, or Schinus terebinthifolius. Other wetland trees may be present, including Acer rubrum, Salix nigra, and Salix caroliniana. Some exotics more typical of uplands can also occur in these ruderal wetlands, including Albizia julibrissin, Broussonetia papyrifera, Cinnamomum camphora, Melia azedarach, and Morus alba. On southern Florida''s abandoned farmland, Schinus terebinthifolius often codominates with various woody species, including the exotics Psidium guajava and Cestrum diurnum, and natives including Baccharis halimifolia, Ficus aurea, Ilex cassine, Persea palustris, and Salix caroliniana. In more open stands of Melaleuca quinquenervia in southern Florida, Cladium mariscus ssp. jamaicense may be an herbaceous stratum dominant.
Dynamics: This exotic vegetation is a target of suppression and control efforts in portions of the southern United States. These exotic trees disperse and spread easily. Melaleuca quinquenervia is tolerant of fire.
Environmental Description: This community occurs in a variety of hydrologic conditions, especially shallow seasonally flooded wetlands with mean hydroperiods of 75-240 days.
Geographic Range: This alliance is found in warm temperate areas of the south-central and southeastern United States, from South Carolina to Florida, and west to Arkansas and Texas.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AL, AR, FL, GA, LA, MS, NC?, SC, TN?, TX
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.899463
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNA
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Nb Southeastern North American Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D062 | 1.B.3.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Nb.90 Red Maple - Tuliptree - Sugarberry Ruderal Flooded & Swamp Forest Macrogroup | M310 | 1.B.3.Nb.90 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Nb.90.b Southeastern Exotic Ruderal Flooded & Swamp Forest Group | G762 | 1.B.3.Nb.90.b |
| Alliance | A3339 Chinese Tallow - Punktree - Brazilian Peppertree Ruderal Flooded & Swamp Forest Alliance | A3339 | 1.B.3.Nb.90.b |
| Association | CEGL003799 Brazilian Peppertree Ruderal Wet Scrub | CEGL003799 | 1.B.3.Nb.90.b |
| Association | CEGL007051 Punktree Ruderal Wet Forest | CEGL007051 | 1.B.3.Nb.90.b |
| Association | CEGL007412 Chinese Tallow Ruderal Wet Forest | CEGL007412 | 1.B.3.Nb.90.b |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: ? Brazilian Pepper - Guava Forest (Hilsenbeck et al. 1979)
? Brazilian Pepper Monoculture (Hilsenbeck et al. 1979)
? Saltbush - Brazilian Pepper Community (Hilsenbeck et al. 1979)
? Brazilian Pepper Monoculture (Hilsenbeck et al. 1979)
? Saltbush - Brazilian Pepper Community (Hilsenbeck et al. 1979)
- Alexander, T. R., and A. G. Crook. 1984. Recent vegetational changes in southern Florida. Pages 199-210 in: P. J. Gleason, editor. Environments of South Florida: Present and past II. Miami Geologic Society, Memorandum No. 2. Coral Gables, FL.
- Duever, M. J., J. E. Carlson, J. F. Meeder, L. C. Duever, L. H. Gunderson, L. A. Riopelle, T. R. Alexander, R. L. Myers, and D. P. Spangler. 1986. The Big Cypress National Preserve. National Audubon Society Research Report No. 8. National Audubon Society, New York. 444 pp.
- Ewel, J. J. 1986. Invasibility: Lessons from south Florida. In: H. A. Mooney and J. A. Drake, editors. Ecology of biological invasions of North America and Hawaii. Ecology Studies Volume 58. Springer-Verlag, New York.
- Faber-Langendoen, D., J. Drake, M. Hall, G. Kittel, S. Menard, C. Nordman, M. Pyne, M. Reid, M. Russo, K. Schulz, L. Sneddon, K. Snow, and J. Teague. 2013-2019b. Screening alliances for induction into the U.S. National Vegetation Classification: Part 1 - Alliance concept review. NatureServe, Arlington, VA.
- Hilsenbeck, C. E., R. H. Hofstetter, and T. R. Alexander. 1979. Preliminary synopsis of major plant communities in the East Everglades area: Vegetation map supplement. Unpublished document. Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department, Miami, FL.
- Loope, L., M. Duever, A. Herndon, J. Snyder, and D. Jansen. 1994. Hurricane impact on uplands and freshwater swamp forest. BioScience 44:238-246.
- Myers, R. L. 1983. Site susceptibility to invasion by the exotic tree Melaleuca quinquenervia in southern Florida. Journal of Applied Ecology 20:645-658.
- Myers, R. L. 1984. Ecological compression of Taxodium distichum var. nutans by Melaleuca quinquenervia in southern Florida. Pages 358-364 in: K. C. Ewel and H. T. Odum, editors. Cypress swamps. University of Florida Press, Gainesville.
- Olmsted, I. C., and L. L. Loope. 1984. Plant communities of Everglades National Park. Pages 167-184 in: P. J. Gleason, editor. Environments of South Florida: Present and past. II. Miami Geologic Society, Coral Gables, FL.