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CEGL004803 Juniperus virginiana - Quercus (alba, stellata) - Carya texana Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Eastern Red-cedar - (White Oak, Post Oak) - Black Hickory Forest
Colloquial Name: Ozark Red-cedar - Hardwood Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: These are mixed forests (often stunted) of Juniperus virginiana, dry to xeric oaks, and other hardwoods; some stands may be fire-suppressed oak savannas. Stands are dominated by Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana and dry to xeric oaks, including Quercus alba and Quercus stellata. This type is found in the Ozark region of Arkansas and may occur in adjacent Missouri and Oklahoma in the southeastern United States. Examples occur over a variety of geologies, including limestone, sandstone, and chert. Examples of this association are typically less calcareous than similar forests which are dominated by Quercus muehlenbergii. In Arkansas, associated species include Ulmus alata, Carya texana, Fraxinus americana, Sideroxylon lycioides, Celtis tenuifolia, Cercis canadensis, Rhus aromatica, Symphoricarpos orbiculatus, Viburnum rufidulum, Antennaria plantaginifolia, Cheilanthes lanosa, Cheilanthes tomentosa, Euphorbia commutata, and Scutellaria ovata. The precise structure and composition of vegetation in this type depend on management and disturbance history, as well as inherent site conditions. Depending on soil depth, climate, and fire interval, the canopy closure and the relative Quercus / Juniperus balance will vary considerably. At some sites, both forest and woodland stands may be present, grading into one another depending on aspect, surface geology, or fire history. With prolonged fire suppression, Juniperus will increase in importance and stature, eventually occupying part of the canopy with the oaks, and resulting in greater canopy closure. In intermediate stages, an oak canopy will overtop a subcanopy of Juniperus. Drier, rockier, or more frequently burned examples will tend to exhibit an oak woodland physiognomy.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This is an Ozarkian type which has been observed (June 2009) at Buffalo National River.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This is a mixed forest of Juniperus virginiana, dry to xeric oaks, and other hardwoods. Stands may be stunted or the trees may be of a patchy or clumped distribution. Examples are composed of Juniperus virginiana and dry to xeric oaks, including Quercus alba and Quercus stellata. In Arkansas, other reported associated species include Ulmus alata, Carya texana, Fraxinus americana, Sideroxylon lycioides, Celtis tenuifolia, Cercis canadensis, Rhus aromatica, Symphoricarpos orbiculatus, Viburnum rufidulum, Antennaria plantaginifolia, Cheilanthes lanosa, Cheilanthes tomentosa, Euphorbia commutata, and Scutellaria ovata. The composition is typically less calcareous-affiliated than similar forests with Quercus muehlenbergii and Quercus stellata.
A stand at the Buffalo National River (Arkansas) contains Juniperus virginiana, Carya ovata, Carya alba (= Carya tomentosa), Ostrya virginiana, Rhus aromatica, Sideroxylon lycioides, Ptelea trifoliata, Vaccinium stamineum, Lonicera sempervirens, Helianthus divaricatus, Dichanthelium boscii, Solidago sp., Phlox sp., Manfreda virginica, Lespedeza sp., Comandra umbellata, Lithospermum canescens, and Pellaea atropurpurea.
A stand at the Buffalo National River (Arkansas) contains Juniperus virginiana, Carya ovata, Carya alba (= Carya tomentosa), Ostrya virginiana, Rhus aromatica, Sideroxylon lycioides, Ptelea trifoliata, Vaccinium stamineum, Lonicera sempervirens, Helianthus divaricatus, Dichanthelium boscii, Solidago sp., Phlox sp., Manfreda virginica, Lespedeza sp., Comandra umbellata, Lithospermum canescens, and Pellaea atropurpurea.
Dynamics: Some of the dynamics are incompletely understood, particularly the proportion of red-cedar dominance and the history and origin of this. The assumption is that these stands are presumed to be "degraded" examples of what may have been an oak-dominated woodland.
Environmental Description: These are mixed forests (often stunted) of red-cedar and xeric oaks and other hardwoods. Examples of this association may occur over limestone, sandstone, or chert.
Geographic Range: This mixed red-cedar - hardwood forest is found in Ozark region of Arkansas and may occur in adjacent Missouri and Oklahoma in the southeastern United States.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AR, MO?, OK
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.828605
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNR
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.1 White Oak - Southern Red Oak - Shortleaf Pine Forest & Woodland Macrogroup | M016 | 1.B.2.Na.1 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.1.c White Oak - Southern Red Oak - Northern Red Oak Forest & Woodland Group | G159 | 1.B.2.Na.1.c |
| Alliance | A3290 Post Oak - Blackjack Oak - White Oak Ozark-Ouachita Woodland Alliance | A3290 | 1.B.2.Na.1.c |
| Association | CEGL004803 Eastern Red-cedar - (White Oak, Post Oak) - Black Hickory Forest | CEGL004803 | 1.B.2.Na.1.c |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Juniperus virginiana - Quercus (alba, stellata) - Carya texana Forest (Hop et al. 2012a)
- Hoagland, B. 2000. The vegetation of Oklahoma: A classification for landscape mapping and conservation planning. The Southwestern Naturalist 45(4):385-420.
- Hop, K., M. Pyne, T. Foti, S. Lubinski, R. White, and J. Dieck. 2012a. National Park Service vegetation inventory program: Buffalo National River, Arkansas. Natural Resource Report NPS/HTLN/NRR--2012/526. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 340 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.