Print Report
CEGL006296 Fagus grandifolia - Betula lenta - Liriodendron tulipifera - Acer saccharum Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: American Beech - Sweet Birch - Tuliptree - Sugar Maple Forest
Colloquial Name: Beech - Tuliptree - Sugar Maple Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This mid- to lower slope deciduous forest of the mid-Atlantic region occurs on deep soils that are not strongly acidic. The tree canopy is characterized by a mixture of Liriodendron tulipifera, Fagus grandifolia, Acer saccharum, Fraxinus americana, Betula lenta, and other associated species, including Acer rubrum, Betula alleghaniensis, Nyssa sylvatica, and Carya tomentosa. The subcanopy, where present, is characterized by Carpinus caroliniana, Cornus florida, and Ostrya virginiana. Common species of the shrub layer include Hamamelis virginiana and Lindera benzoin. The herbaceous layer is characterized by Podophyllum peltatum, Sanguinaria canadensis, Botrychium virginianum, Dicentra cucullaria, Dicentra canadensis, Allium tricoccum, and Claytonia virginica. Associated herbs may include Polystichum acrostichoides, Ageratina altissima var. altissima, and Arisaema triphyllum. Invasive species such as Berberis thunbergii, Elaeagnus umbellata, Rosa multiflora, and Alliaria petiolata may be present and locally abundant in the shrub and herb layers. This vegetation type often occurs on land where evidence of past agriculture or silviculture is visible.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This description is based on the tuliptree - beech - maple forest of Fike (1999) as well as samples from NPS mapping projects in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. More information is required to determine the range of this type.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The tree canopy is characterized by a mixture of Liriodendron tulipifera, Fagus grandifolia, Acer saccharum, Fraxinus americana, Betula lenta, and other associated species, including Acer rubrum, Betula alleghaniensis, Nyssa sylvatica, and Carya tomentosa. The subcanopy, where present, is characterized by Carpinus caroliniana, Cornus florida, and Ostrya virginiana. Common species of the shrub layer include Hamamelis virginiana and Lindera benzoin. The herbaceous layer is characterized by Podophyllum peltatum, Sanguinaria canadensis, Botrychium virginianum, Dicentra cucullaria, Dicentra canadensis, Allium tricoccum, and Claytonia virginica. Associated herbs may include Polystichum acrostichoides, Ageratina altissima var. altissima, and Arisaema triphyllum. Invasive species such as Berberis thunbergii, Elaeagnus umbellata, Rosa multiflora, and Alliaria petiolata may be present and locally abundant in the shrub and herb layers.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This vegetation occurs on middle to lower slopes on moderately deep soils that are not extremely acidic.
Geographic Range: This vegetation is currently described primarily from Pennsylvania and is also documented in New Jersey. It may occur in Maryland.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: MD?, NJ, PA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.755371
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNR
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.3 Appalachian-Interior-Northeastern Mesic Forest Macrogroup | M883 | 1.B.2.Na.3 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.3.b Appalachian-Allegheny Northern Hardwood Forest | G742 | 1.B.2.Na.3.b |
| Alliance | A3301 Sugar Maple - American Beech - American Basswood Forest Alliance | A3301 | 1.B.2.Na.3.b |
| Association | CEGL006296 American Beech - Sweet Birch - Tuliptree - Sugar Maple Forest | CEGL006296 | 1.B.2.Na.3.b |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: >< Mixed Oak - Yellow Poplar community (Ehrenfeld 1977)
= Tuliptree - Beech - Maple Forest (Fike 1999)
= Tuliptree - Beech - Maple Forest (Fike 1999)
- Eastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boston, MA.
- Ehrenfeld, J. G. 1977. Vegetation of Morristown National Historical Park: Ecological analysis and management alternatives. Final Report. USDI National Park Service Contract No. 1600-7-0004. 166 pp.
- Fike, J. 1999. Terrestrial and palustrine plant communities of Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Inventory. Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Recreation, Bureau of Forestry, Harrisburg, PA. 86 pp.
- Perles, S. J., G. S. Podniesinski, E. A. Zimmerman, E. Eastman, and L. A. Sneddon. 2006d. Vegetation classification and mapping at Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site. Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR--2006/079. National Park Service, Philadelphia, PA.
- Perles, S. J., G. S. Podniesinski, E. A. Zimmerman, W. A. Millinor, and L. A. Sneddon. 2006b. Vegetation classification and mapping at Friendship Hill National Historic Site. Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR--2006/041. National Park Service, Philadelphia, PA. 113 pp.
- Perles, S. J., G. S. Podniesinski, E. Eastman, L. A. Sneddon, and S. C. Gawler. 2007. Classification and mapping of vegetation and fire fuel models at Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area. Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR--2007/076. National Park Service, Philadelphia, PA. 2 volumes.
- Sneddon, L., R. E. Zaremba, E. Largay, G. Podniesinski, S. Perles, and J. Thompson. 2008. Vegetation classification and mapping of Morristown National Historical Park, New Jersey. Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR--2008/116. National Park Service, Philadelphia, PA. 162 pp. [http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/morr/morrrpt.pdf]