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CEGL000040 Abies grandis - Pseudotsuga menziesii / Trientalis borealis ssp. latifolia Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Grand Fir - Douglas-fir / Broadleaf Starflower Forest
Colloquial Name: No Data Available
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This closed-canopy forest occurs in the east Cascades of Washington near Mount Adams and near Mount Hood in Oregon. This association occurs between 823 and 1342 m (2700-4400 feet) elevation and typically on north to east aspects of slopes or on flats. Abies grandis and Pseudotsuga menziesii trees dominate the canopy that occasionally has large Pinus ponderosa trees, particularly in mid-seral stands. Abies grandis is the most common tree in the lower canopy. Shrubs are uncommon with cover rarely exceeding 10%. Low shrubs Chimaphila umbellata and Symphoricarpos hesperius appear with high constancy. Forbs dominate the understory (5-88% cover) particularly composed of shade-tolerant species such as Linnaea borealis, Orthilia secunda, Goodyera oblongifolia, and Trientalis borealis ssp. latifolia. Graminoids are unusual, Melica subulata or Melica spectabilis and Carex geyeri are most frequently encountered.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This association includes 2 types identified on Mount Hood National Forest: Abies grandis / Trientalis latifolia and Abies grandis / Linnaea borealis (Topik et al. 1988). Both of these have more Acer circinatum and Vaccinium membranaceum than does the Abies grandis / Linnaea borealis - Trientalis latifolia association of John et al. (1988) from the Yakima Reservation, which is also included here. Topik et al. (1988) note the Abies grandis / Linnaea borealis on the Warm Springs Reservation in Oregon is similar to this association.
~Abies grandis - Pseudotsuga menziesii / Trientalis borealis ssp. latifolia Forest (CEGL000040)$$ is similar to ~Abies grandis / Calamagrostis rubescens Woodland (CEGL000916)$$ on the Wenatchee National Forest but differs significantly in the high cover of a forb layer. It does not appear on the Gifford Pinchot National Forest where similar associations have high shrub cover of Acer circinatum or Vaccinium membranaceum and abundant Achlys triphylla. ~Abies grandis / Linnaea borealis Forest (CEGL000275)$$ in the Blue Mountains and northern Rockies of Idaho and Montana lacks Trientalis borealis ssp. latifolia and has high shrub cover of Vaccinium membranaceum, and is a different Rocky Mountain association.
~Abies grandis - Pseudotsuga menziesii / Trientalis borealis ssp. latifolia Forest (CEGL000040)$$ is similar to ~Abies grandis / Calamagrostis rubescens Woodland (CEGL000916)$$ on the Wenatchee National Forest but differs significantly in the high cover of a forb layer. It does not appear on the Gifford Pinchot National Forest where similar associations have high shrub cover of Acer circinatum or Vaccinium membranaceum and abundant Achlys triphylla. ~Abies grandis / Linnaea borealis Forest (CEGL000275)$$ in the Blue Mountains and northern Rockies of Idaho and Montana lacks Trientalis borealis ssp. latifolia and has high shrub cover of Vaccinium membranaceum, and is a different Rocky Mountain association.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: No Data Available
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: No Data Available
Geographic Range: This association is currently recognized in the northern East Cascades near the Columbia River Gorge in Oregon and Washington.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: OR, WA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.689653
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Nb Rocky Mountain Forest & Woodland Division | D194 | 1.B.2.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Nb.3 Western Hemlock - Grand Fir - Western Larch Mesic Lower Montane Forest Macrogroup | M500 | 1.B.2.Nb.3 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Nb.3.c Grand Fir - Douglas-fir East Cascades Forest Group | G212 | 1.B.2.Nb.3.c |
| Alliance | A3583 Grand Fir - Douglas-fir Mesic Cascadian Forest Alliance | A3583 | 1.B.2.Nb.3.c |
| Association | CEGL000040 Grand Fir - Douglas-fir / Broadleaf Starflower Forest | CEGL000040 | 1.B.2.Nb.3.c |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Abies grandis / Linnaea borealis - Trientalis latifolia association (John et al. 1988) [(p.69) 8 plots.]
= Abies grandis / Linnaea borealis (Topik et al. 1988) [(p.87)]
= Abies grandis / Trientalis latifolia (Topik et al. 1988) [(p.83)]
= Abies grandis / Linnaea borealis (Topik et al. 1988) [(p.87)]
= Abies grandis / Trientalis latifolia (Topik et al. 1988) [(p.83)]
- Bourgeron, P. S., and L. D. Engelking, editors. 1994. A preliminary vegetation classification of the western United States. Unpublished report. The Nature Conservancy, Western Heritage Task Force, Boulder, CO. 175 pp. plus appendix.
- John, T., D. Tart, and R. Clausnitzer. 1988. Forest associations of the Yakama Indian Reservation. Draft. Yakama Indian Nation. Toppenish, WA. 133 pp.
- John, T., and D. Tart. 1986. Forested plant associations of the Yakima Drainage within the Yakama Indian Reservation. Review copy prepared for the Yakama Indian Nation - BIA-SCS.
- Kagan, J. S., J. A. Christy, M. P. Murray, and J. A. Titus. 2004. Classification of native vegetation of Oregon. January 2004. Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center, Portland. 52 pp.
- Quigley, T. M., and S. J. Arbelbide, technical editors. 1997. An assessment of ecosystem components in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great basins. Volume 2. Pages 337-1055 in: General Technical Report PNW-GTR-405. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.
- Topik, C., N. M. Halverson, and T. High. 1988. Plant associations and management guide of the ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, and grand fir zone, Mt. Hood National Forest. R6-ECOL-TP-004-88. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, Portland, OR. 136 pp.
- WNHP [Washington Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data files. Washington Natural Heritage Program, Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA.
- Western Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boulder, CO.