Print Report
CEGL007225 Quercus alba - Carya glabra - Carya tomentosa / Aesculus pavia Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: White Oak - Pignut Hickory - Mockernut Hickory / Red Buckeye Forest
Colloquial Name: Coastal Plain Basic Mesic Oak - Hickory Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This type is a nutrient-rich, calcareous to subcalcareous, mesic Coastal Plain forest found east of the Mississippi River, extending to the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Stands are typically dominated by Quercus alba and Carya spp. Aesculus pavia is characteristically present in the understory and shrub layer. Some other canopy components include Quercus nigra, Carya cordiformis (in more mesic examples), Carya pallida (in drier ones), Fraxinus americana, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Liquidambar styraciflua. The subcanopy may contain Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Cornus florida, Nyssa sylvatica, Morus rubra, Celtis occidentalis, Ostrya virginiana, Acer rubrum, Diospyros virginiana, Prunus serotina, Ulmus alata, and/or Quercus velutina. Fagus grandifolia may be present in any of the woody strata but will not be dominant or codominant. Typical vines include Vitis rotundifolia, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Cocculus carolinus, Smilax bona-nox, Smilax glauca, Berchemia scandens, and Toxicodendron radicans. More information is needed on the detailed range, environment, and floristics of this association.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This association needs additional clarification, expansion, and subsequent range determination. More information is needed on specific examples of this association and how to floristically distinguish it. It is somewhat ambiguously assigned to both "mesic" and "dry-mesic" ecological systems in the southeastern coastal plains.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: Stands are typically dominated by Quercus alba and Carya spp. (most frequently Carya glabra, possibly Carya cordiformis in more mesic examples, and Carya pallida in drier ones). Aesculus pavia is characteristically present in the understory and shrub layer. Some other canopy components include Quercus nigra, Fraxinus americana, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Liquidambar styraciflua. The subcanopy may contain Liquidambar styraciflua, Cornus florida, Nyssa sylvatica, Morus rubra, Celtis occidentalis, Ostrya virginiana, Acer rubrum, Diospyros virginiana, Prunus serotina, Ulmus alata, and/or Quercus velutina. Some other possible shrubs include Arundinaria gigantea, Asimina parviflora, Callicarpa americana, Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Vaccinium elliottii, Rubus argutus, and Vaccinium fuscatum. Typical vines include Vitis rotundifolia, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Cocculus carolinus, Smilax bona-nox, Smilax glauca, Berchemia scandens, and Toxicodendron radicans.
Vegetation from Fort Benning, Georgia, which appears to be compatible with this concept contains Quercus alba, Quercus nigra, Carya pallida, Carya tomentosa (= Carya alba), and Fraxinus americana in the canopy, Cornus florida and Liriodendron tulipifera in the subcanopy as well as Aesculus pavia, Vitis rotundifolia, Callicarpa americana, Aralia spinosa, Polygonatum biflorum, Hexastylis arifolia, Aristolochia serpentaria, Elephantopus tomentosus, Matelea sp., and Passiflora lutea. This stand would not be on a completely calcareous soil, being found in a more sandy landscape (some sands have a calcareous shell fraction). The concept of this type may be somewhat expanded to accommodate these data. See also stand data from plot TALO.35, Five Mile Branch, Talladega-Oakmulgee National Forest. This example differs from the stand at Fort Benning, but is probably also compatible with the concept of this type. This stand is dominated by Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Liquidambar styraciflua. Other oak species are not in the canopy and have negligible cover in the subcanopy. The subcanopy contains Liquidambar styraciflua, Cornus florida, Nyssa sylvatica, Morus rubra, Prunus serotina, Ulmus alata, and Quercus velutina. The hickories Carya tomentosa and Carya glabra (nominals in this association), as well as Aesculus pavia, are present in the shrub layer. Other small trees and shrubs include Arundinaria gigantea, Diospyros virginiana, Asimina parviflora, Callicarpa americana, Acer rubrum, Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Celtis occidentalis, Ostrya virginiana, Nyssa sylvatica, Vaccinium elliottii, Rubus argutus, and Vaccinium fuscatum. Typical vines include Vitis rotundifolia, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Cocculus carolinus, Smilax bona-nox, Smilax glauca, Berchemia scandens, and Toxicodendron radicans. Herbs in this particular stand include Acalypha gracilens, Aristolochia serpentaria, Chamaelirium luteum, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum (most frequent here), Desmodium sp., Dichanthelium sp., Dioscorea quaternata, Euphorbia pubentissima, Hexastylis arifolia, Mitchella repens, Ruellia caroliniensis, Smilax hugeri, Viola spp., and Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides (NatureServe Ecology unpubl. data).
Vegetation from Fort Benning, Georgia, which appears to be compatible with this concept contains Quercus alba, Quercus nigra, Carya pallida, Carya tomentosa (= Carya alba), and Fraxinus americana in the canopy, Cornus florida and Liriodendron tulipifera in the subcanopy as well as Aesculus pavia, Vitis rotundifolia, Callicarpa americana, Aralia spinosa, Polygonatum biflorum, Hexastylis arifolia, Aristolochia serpentaria, Elephantopus tomentosus, Matelea sp., and Passiflora lutea. This stand would not be on a completely calcareous soil, being found in a more sandy landscape (some sands have a calcareous shell fraction). The concept of this type may be somewhat expanded to accommodate these data. See also stand data from plot TALO.35, Five Mile Branch, Talladega-Oakmulgee National Forest. This example differs from the stand at Fort Benning, but is probably also compatible with the concept of this type. This stand is dominated by Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Liquidambar styraciflua. Other oak species are not in the canopy and have negligible cover in the subcanopy. The subcanopy contains Liquidambar styraciflua, Cornus florida, Nyssa sylvatica, Morus rubra, Prunus serotina, Ulmus alata, and Quercus velutina. The hickories Carya tomentosa and Carya glabra (nominals in this association), as well as Aesculus pavia, are present in the shrub layer. Other small trees and shrubs include Arundinaria gigantea, Diospyros virginiana, Asimina parviflora, Callicarpa americana, Acer rubrum, Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Celtis occidentalis, Ostrya virginiana, Nyssa sylvatica, Vaccinium elliottii, Rubus argutus, and Vaccinium fuscatum. Typical vines include Vitis rotundifolia, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Cocculus carolinus, Smilax bona-nox, Smilax glauca, Berchemia scandens, and Toxicodendron radicans. Herbs in this particular stand include Acalypha gracilens, Aristolochia serpentaria, Chamaelirium luteum, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum (most frequent here), Desmodium sp., Dichanthelium sp., Dioscorea quaternata, Euphorbia pubentissima, Hexastylis arifolia, Mitchella repens, Ruellia caroliniensis, Smilax hugeri, Viola spp., and Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides (NatureServe Ecology unpubl. data).
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: More information is needed on the detailed range, environment, and floristics of this association. Conceptually, it would be a coastal plain oak-hickory forest found on circumneutral substrates (e.g., on soils with a shell fraction in the profile).
Geographic Range: This forest is found in the Coastal Plain east of the Mississippi River, extending from Alabama to North Carolina.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.689571
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G4?
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.1 Warm Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F018 | 1.B.1 |
| Division | 1.B.1.Na Southeastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D006 | 1.B.1.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.1.Na.3 American Beech - Southern Magnolia - White Oak Forest Macrogroup | M008 | 1.B.1.Na.3 |
| Group | 1.B.1.Na.3.b American Beech - Southern Sugar Maple - White Oak Forest Group | G166 | 1.B.1.Na.3.b |
| Alliance | A3234 White Oak - Mockernut Hickory Mesic Coastal Plain Forest Alliance | A3234 | 1.B.1.Na.3.b |
| Association | CEGL007225 White Oak - Pignut Hickory - Mockernut Hickory / Red Buckeye Forest | CEGL007225 | 1.B.1.Na.3.b |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: No Data Available
- GNHP [Georgia Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data. Georgia Natural Heritage Program, Wildlife Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Social Circle.
- NatureServe Ecology - Southeastern United States. No date. Unpublished data. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
- Nordman, C., M. Russo, and L. Smart. 2011. Vegetation types of the Natchez Trace Parkway, based on the U.S. National Vegetation Classification. NatureServe Central Databases (International Ecological Classification Standard: Terrestrial Ecological Classifications). Arlington, VA. Data current as of 11 April 2011. 548 pp.
- Peet, R. K., T. R. Wentworth, M. P. Schafale, and A.S. Weakley. No date. Unpublished data of the North Carolina Vegetation Survey. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
- SCWMRD [South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department]. 2018. Unpublished data. South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, Columbia.
- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.