Print Report
CEGL003752 Carya (glabra, tomentosa) - Fraxinus americana - (Juniperus virginiana) Open Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Carya (glabra, tomentosa) - Fraxinus americana - (Juniperus virginiana) Open Woodland
Colloquial Name: Montane Basic Hardwood - Red-cedar Glade Woodland
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: These montane woodlands of the Southern Blue Ridge are currently known from the lower mountains of North Carolina and Georgia, at 750-1150 m (2500-3800 feet) elevation, on sites with biotite gneiss geology with veins of base-rich hornblende gneiss. They have open and stunted canopies (3-8 m tall), with or without gnarly Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana and various deciduous species, typically Carya glabra, Fraxinus americana, Quercus montana, Ostrya virginiana, and Chionanthus virginicus. Occasionally, Pinus virginiana may be a component of the canopy mix. Occurrences are often physiognomic complexes of woodland, grassland, and rock outcropping, and are often associated with southern or eastern exposures on granitic domes or rocky summits. Some occurrences lack Juniperus virginiana but retain the same suite of species that are indicative of high base status rock. Shrubs are scattered or locally abundant and may include Ptelea trifoliata, Physocarpus opulifolius, Hypericum prolificum, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium pallidum, Lonicera flava, Amelanchier sanguinea, and Rosa carolina. A dense, grassy herb layer can occur beneath the canopy or in open areas, interspersed with bare rock. Typical dominants include Carex pensylvanica, Dichanthelium scoparium, Danthonia compressa, Danthonia sericea, Andropogon gyrans, Andropogon ternarius, Andropogon gerardii, Sorghastrum nutans, Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium, Aristida purpurascens, and Melica mutica. Other herbaceous species can include Dodecatheon meadia, Solidago nemoralis, Pycnanthemum curvipes, Pycnanthemum montanum, Hypericum punctatum, Hypericum gentianoides, Desmodium rotundifolium, Antennaria virginica, Piptochaetium avenaceum, Packera millefolium, Helianthus microcephalus, Claytonia virginica, Coreopsis major, and Coreopsis pubescens. The steepest areas may have patches of Sedum glaucophyllum, Houstonia longifolia, and Saxifraga michauxii.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Some sites grade into forests dominated by Quercus montana. In an 1134-plot regional analysis for the Southern Appalachian portion of the Appalachian Trail, only three Georgia plots were classified as this type (Fleming and Patterson 2009a).
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The open and stunted (3-5 m) canopy of stands is dominated by gnarly Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana or by various deciduous species, typically Carya glabra, Fraxinus americana, Quercus montana (= Quercus prinus), Ostrya virginiana, and Chionanthus virginicus. Occasionally, Pinus virginiana may be a component of the canopy mix. Shrubs are scattered or locally abundant and may include Ptelea trifoliata, Physocarpus opulifolius, Hypericum prolificum, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium pallidum, Lonicera flava, Amelanchier sanguinea, and Rosa carolina. A dense, grassy herb layer can occur beneath the canopy or in open areas, interspersed with bare rock. Typical dominants include Carex pensylvanica, Dichanthelium scoparium, Danthonia compressa, Danthonia sericea, Andropogon gyrans, Andropogon ternarius, Andropogon gerardii, Sorghastrum nutans, Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium, Aristida purpurascens, and Melica mutica. Other herbaceous species include Allium cernuum, Dodecatheon meadia, Solidago nemoralis, Solidago sphacelata, Pycnanthemum montanum, Pycnanthemum curvipes, Hypericum punctatum, Hypericum gentianoides, Desmodium rotundifolium, Antennaria virginica, Piptochaetium avenaceum, Packera millefolium (= Senecio millefolium), Helianthus microcephalus, Claytonia virginica, Coreopsis major, and Coreopsis pubescens. The steepest areas may have patches of Sedum glaucophyllum, Houstonia longifolia, and Saxifraga michauxii.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: Occurrences are often physiognomic complexes of woodland, grassland, and rock outcropping, and are often associated with southern or eastern exposures on granitic domes or rocky summits. These woodlands are currently known from the lower mountains of North Carolina and Georgia at 750-1150 m (2500-3800 feet) elevation, on sites with biotite gneiss geology with veins of base-rich hornblende gneiss.
Geographic Range: This community occurs in the Southern Blue Ridge of western North Carolina and Georgia.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: GA, NC
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.689545
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G2
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Nb Rocky Mountain Forest & Woodland Division | D194 | 1.B.2.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Nb.2 Ponderosa Pine - Douglas-fir - Limber Pine Central Rocky Mountain Dry Forest Macrogroup | M501 | 1.B.2.Nb.2 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Nb.2.e Ponderosa Pine Northwestern Great Plains Forest & Woodland Group | G216 | 1.B.2.Nb.2.e |
| Alliance | A3464 Ponderosa Pine Dry-Mesic Black Hills Forest & Woodland Alliance | A3464 | 1.B.2.Nb.2.e |
| Association | CEGL003752 <i>Carya (glabra</i>, <i>tomentosa) - Fraxinus americana - (Juniperus virginiana)</i> Open Woodland | CEGL003752 | 1.B.2.Nb.2.e |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: < Eastern Redcedar: 46 (Eyre 1980)
- Dellinger, B. 1992. Natural areas survey, Nantahala National Forest, Highlands Ranger District: Site survey reports. Unpublished data. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Eyre, F. H., editor. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Society of American Foresters, Washington, DC. 148 pp.
- Fleming, G. P., and K. D. Patterson. 2009a. A vegetation classification for the Appalachian Trail: Virginia south to Georgia. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage. In-house analysis, March 2009.
- GNHP [Georgia Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data. Georgia Natural Heritage Program, Wildlife Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Social Circle.
- Peet, R. K., T. R. Wentworth, M. P. Schafale, and A.S. Weakley. No date. Unpublished data of the North Carolina Vegetation Survey. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Schafale, Mike P. Personal communication. Ecologist, North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Small, C. J. 1996. Characterization of montane cedar-hardwood woodlands in the Southern Blue Ridge Province. M.S. thesis, North Carolina State University, Raleigh. 79 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.