Print Report
CEGL006041 Pinus banksiana / Kalmia angustifolia - Vaccinium spp. Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Jack Pine / Sheep Laurel - Blueberry species Woodland
Colloquial Name: Jack Pine Heath Barrens
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: The jack pine woodland of northern New England and the Canadian maritime provinces occurs sporadically on dry rocky summits, ridges, outcrops and lakeshores. Soil development is typically restricted to crevices or sheltered patches among the predominant exposed bedrock. Where they occur, soils are shallow, well-drained to excessively drained, dry, acidic, coarse sands. Elevations of known examples range from near sea level to 1220 m (4000 feet). The dominant vegetation features are the patchy and open canopy and the extensive dwarf-shrub layer. Tall shrubs and herbs are sparse. The bryoid layer often features large areas of reindeer lichens and drought-tolerant mosses. The ground cover is sparse needle litter and exposed bedrock. In the canopy, which ranges from 25-60% cover, Pinus banksiana is dominant. Less abundant conifers may include Picea rubens, Picea mariana (at coastal sites), Pinus strobus, or Abies balsamea. Betula papyrifera var. papyrifera and Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia may be present, but the deciduous canopy component is minor. Tall shrubs include Sorbus americana, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides, Ilex mucronata, Aronia melanocarpa, or Amelanchier spp. The low heath layer is composed of Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Gaylussacia baccata, Kalmia angustifolia, and, near the coast, Empetrum nigrum and Vaccinium vitis-idaea. Forbs and graminoids include Deschampsia flexuosa, Danthonia spicata, Sibbaldiopsis tridentata, Cornus canadensis, Trientalis borealis, Solidago simplex var. randii, and Maianthemum canadense. The bryophyte layer is dominated by lichens such as Cladonia stellaris, Cladonia rangiferina, Rhizocarpon geographicum, and Umbilicaria spp. Mosses include Pleurozium schreberi, Polytrichum juniperinum, and Polytrichum piliferum.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The dominant vegetation features are the patchy and open canopy and the extensive dwarf-shrub layer. Tall shrubs and herbs are sparse. The bryoid layer often features large areas of reindeer lichens and drought-tolerant mosses. The ground cover is sparse needle litter and exposed bedrock. In the canopy, which ranges from 25-60% cover, Pinus banksiana is dominant. Less abundant conifers may include Picea rubens, Picea mariana (at coastal sites), Pinus strobus, or Abies balsamea. Betula papyrifera var. papyrifera and Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia may be present, but the deciduous canopy component is minor. Tall shrubs include Sorbus americana, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides, Ilex mucronata (= Nemopanthus mucronatus), Aronia melanocarpa, or Amelanchier spp. The low heath layer is composed of Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Gaylussacia baccata, Kalmia angustifolia, and, near the coast, Empetrum nigrum and Vaccinium vitis-idaea. Forbs and graminoids include Deschampsia flexuosa, Danthonia spicata, Sibbaldiopsis tridentata, Cornus canadensis, Trientalis borealis, Solidago simplex var. randii, and Maianthemum canadense. The bryophyte layer is dominated by lichens such as Cladonia stellaris (= Cladonia alpestris), Cladonia rangiferina, Rhizocarpon geographicum, and Umbilicaria spp. Mosses include Pleurozium schreberi, Polytrichum juniperinum, and Polytrichum piliferum.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: The jack pine woodland of northern New England and the Canadian maritime provinces occurs sporadically on dry rocky summits, ridges, outcrops and lakeshores. Soil development is typically restricted to crevices or sheltered patches among the predominant exposed bedrock. Where they occur, soils are shallow, well-drained to excessively drained, dry, acidic, coarse sands. Elevations of known examples range from near sea level to 1220 m (4000 feet).
Geographic Range: This jack pine woodland community occurs in northern New England and the Canadian maritime provinces.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: ME, NB, NH, NS?, NY, PE?, QC
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.689532
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3G5
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.6 Eastern White Pine - Jack Pine - Northern Pin Oak Forest & Woodland Macrogroup | M159 | 1.B.2.Na.6 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.6.g <i>Pinus strobus - Pinus resinosa - Picea rubens</i> Forest & Woodland Group | G908 | 1.B.2.Na.6.g |
| Alliance | A4454 Jack Pine - Red Pine - Red Spruce Acadian-Appalachian Forest & Woodland Alliance | A4454 | 1.B.2.Na.6.g |
| Association | CEGL006041 Jack Pine / Sheep Laurel - Blueberry species Woodland | CEGL006041 | 1.B.2.Na.6.g |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: No Data Available
- Baldwin, H. I. 1961. Exploring for jack pine in New Hampshire. Society for Protection of New Hampshire Forests. Forest Notes 72:33-34.
- Baldwin, H. I. 1979. The distribution of Pinus banksiana Lamb. in New England and New York. Rhodora 81:549-565.
- CDPNQ [Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec]. No date. Unpublished data. Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec, Québec.
- Clayden, S., and A. Bouchard. 1983. Structure and dynamics of conifer-lichen stands on rock outcrops south of Lake Abitibi, Quebec. Canadian Journal of Botany 61:850-871.
- Eastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boston, MA.
- Edinger, G. J., D. J. Evans, S. Gebauer, T. G. Howard, D. M. Hunt, and A. M. Olivero, editors. 2014a. Ecological communities of New York state. Second edition. A revised and expanded edition of Carol Reschke''s ecological communities of New York state. New York Natural Heritage Program, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY.
- Gawler, S. C. 2002. Natural landscapes of Maine: A guide to vegetated natural communities and ecosystems. Maine Natural Areas Program, Department of Conservation, Augusta, ME.
- Gawler, S. C., and A. Cutko. 2010. Natural landscapes of Maine: A classification of vegetated natural communities and ecosystems. Maine Natural Areas Program, Department of Conservation, Augusta.
- Lubinski, S., K. Hop, and S. Gawler. 2003. Vegetation Mapping Program: Acadia National Park, Maine. Report produced by U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, and Maine Natural Areas Program in conjunction with M. Story (NPS Vegetation Mapping Coordinator) NPS, Natural Resources Information Division, Inventory and Monitoring Program, and K. Brown (USGS Vegetation Mapping Coordinator), USGS, Center for Biological Informatics and NatureServe. [http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/ftp/vegmapping/acad/reports/acadrpt.pdf]
- Sperduto, D. D., and W. F. Nichols. 2004. Natural communities of New Hampshire: A guide and classification. New Hampshire Natural Heritage Bureau, DRED Division of Forests and Lands, Concord. 242 pp.