Print Report

CEGL008549 Quercus montana - Quercus rubra - Carya spp. - Fraxinus americana / Solidago sphacelata Forest

Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available


Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Chestnut Oak - Northern Red Oak - Hickory species - White Ash / Autumn Goldenrod Forest

Colloquial Name: Circumneutral Red Oak - Chestnut Oak Slope Forest

Hierarchy Level:  Association

Type Concept: This is a dry-mesic forest found on apparently circumneutral slopes in the Southern Blue Ridge of Tennessee (Polk County). The canopy of stands of this forest is dominated by Quercus montana, Quercus rubra, Carya glabra, Carya tomentosa, Carya ovata, Fraxinus americana, and Ulmus alata. The subcanopy and tall-shrub strata contain, in addition to some of the canopy taxa, Acer rubrum, Acer saccharum, Celtis occidentalis, Cercis canadensis, Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Nyssa sylvatica, Ostrya virginiana, and Prunus serotina. Some low shrubs and woody vines include Euonymus americanus, Hydrangea cinerea, Philadelphus hirsutus, Rubus allegheniensis, Vaccinium arboreum, Viburnum acerifolium, Bignonia capreolata, Cocculus carolinus, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, and Vitis rotundifolia. On some of the slopes, Solidago sphacelata is an aspect dominant. Other herbs include Dichanthelium boscii (with higher values), Acalypha gracilens, Agalinis setacea, Arabis laevigata, Asclepias variegata, Asplenium platyneuron, Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes, Eurybia divaricata, Campanula divaricata, Carex sparganioides, Desmodium sp., Dryopteris marginalis, Eupatorium sessilifolium, Helianthus microcephalus, Heuchera americana, Penstemon canescens, Pityopsis graminifolia, Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana, Pycnanthemum sp., Sedum ternatum, Solidago juncea, Symphyotrichum spp., and Thaspium barbinode. This association occupies extensive areas between Big Rock Island and "The Narrows" at an elevation of about 300-350 m (1025-1175 feet). It is best developed on exposed areas and convex surfaces. This is a more-or-less closed-canopy forest with some open areas where there are massive bedrock exposures or shaly areas. Upslope, this vegetation grades into Pinus echinata and/or Pinus virginiana forests and woodlands, and downslope it grades into deciduous floodplain and riverfront forests.

Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available

Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available

Classification Comments: More information is needed on the geologic and edaphic character of the substrate on which this association occurs. The soils of these areas are mapped as Cataska channery silt loam, which as described does not have any particularly circumneutral or basic character, but the flora seems to reflect these conditions.

Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available

Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available

Floristics: The canopy of this dry-mesic, circumneutral, slope forest of the Southern Blue Ridge is dominated by Quercus montana (= Quercus prinus), Quercus rubra, Carya glabra, Carya tomentosa (= Carya alba), Carya ovata, Fraxinus americana, and Ulmus alata. The subcanopy and tall-shrub strata contain, in addition to some of the canopy taxa, Acer rubrum, Acer saccharum, Celtis occidentalis, Cercis canadensis, Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Nyssa sylvatica, Ostrya virginiana, and Prunus serotina. Some low shrubs and woody vines include Euonymus americanus, Hydrangea cinerea, Philadelphus hirsutus, Rubus allegheniensis, Vaccinium arboreum, Viburnum acerifolium, Bignonia capreolata, Cocculus carolinus, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, and Vitis rotundifolia. On some of the slopes, Solidago sphacelata is an aspect dominant. Other herbs include Dichanthelium boscii (with higher values), Acalypha gracilens, Agalinis setacea, Arabis laevigata, Asclepias variegata, Asplenium platyneuron, Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes, Eurybia divaricata (= Aster divaricatus), Campanula divaricata, Carex sparganioides, Desmodium sp., Dryopteris marginalis, Eupatorium sessilifolium, Helianthus microcephalus, Heuchera americana, Penstemon canescens, Pityopsis graminifolia, Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana, Pycnanthemum sp., Sedum ternatum, Solidago juncea, Symphyotrichum spp., and Thaspium barbinode.

Dynamics:  Upslope, this vegetation grades into Pinus echinata and/or Pinus virginiana forests and woodlands, and downslope it grades into deciduous floodplain and riverfront forests.

Environmental Description:  This association is the matrix dry-mesic deciduous forest of most of the south- to southwest-facing slopes of lands adjacent to the Hiawassee River in Tennessee. It occupies extensive areas between Big Rock Island and "The Narrows" at an elevation of about 300-350 m (1025-1175 feet). It is best developed on exposed areas and convex surfaces. This is a more-or-less closed-canopy forest with some open areas where there are massive bedrock exposures or shaly areas. Upslope, this vegetation grades into Pinus echinata and/or Pinus virginiana forests and woodlands, and downslope it grades into deciduous floodplain and riverfront forests. The soils of these areas are mapped as Cataska channery silt loam, which as described does not have any particularly circumneutral or basic character, but the flora seems to reflect these conditions. The Cataska soil is weathered from low-grade metasedimentary rocks such as siltstone, slate and phyllite with some bands of thinly bedded metasandstone. The term "channery" is applied to the soil series; this means that from 15-35% of the soil material is composed of "channers," a flat particle between a cobble and a flagstone in size (i.e., between 2 and 150 mm long).

Geographic Range: This association is described from the vicinity of the Hiawassee River in the Blue Ridge Province of southeastern Tennessee. It could also occur in adjacent Georgia.

Nations: US

States/Provinces:  GA?, TN




Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented

Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available

Grank: G3?

Greasons: No Data Available


Concept Lineage: No Data Available

Predecessors: No Data Available

Obsolete Names: No Data Available

Obsolete Parents: No Data Available

Synonomy: < IA6i. Interior Upland Dry-Mesic Oak - Hickory Forest (Allard 1990)

Concept Author(s): M. Pyne

Author of Description: M. Pyne

Acknowledgements: No Data Available

Version Date: 07-02-01

  • Allard, D. J. 1990. Southeastern United States ecological community classification. Interim report, Version 1.2. The Nature Conservancy, Southeast Regional Office, Chapel Hill, NC. 96 pp.
  • NatureServe Ecology - Southeastern United States. No date. Unpublished data. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
  • Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.