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CEGL007966 Quercus sinuata / Solidago auriculata - Zigadenus nuttallii Mixed Herb Dry-Mesic Blackland Ravine Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Bastard Oak / Eared Goldenrod - Nuttall''s Deathcamas Mixed Herb Dry-Mesic Blackland Ravine Woodland
Colloquial Name: Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain Dry Calcareous Blackland Ravine Woodland
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This dry-mesic, calcareous, woodland community occurs on slopes and ravines adjacent to blackland prairie on the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain of Arkansas. Overstory trees are relatively short (to 10 m [35 feet]) and widely spaced. In fire-maintained examples the overstory is not closed; both the midstory and shrub layers tend to be sparse. The herbaceous layer is predominately forb in composition and moderately dense with little litter build-up. Fire plays a role in maintaining the woodland structure, and fire-suppressed woodlands can have a dense midstory and suppressed herbaceous layer. The dominant tree species is overwhelmingly Quercus sinuata, but other species with calcareous affinities may also be present. The herbaceous layer is dominated by forbs and sedges. Dominant herbaceous species include Symphyotrichum cordifolium, Carex cherokeensis, Desmodium perplexum, Geum canadense, Helianthus hirsutus, Leersia virginica, and Solidago auriculata.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Quercus x macnabiana Sudw. is the supposed hybrid between Durand oak and post oak previously recorded from this locality. In any case two forms of Durand oak are present.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The dominant tree species is overwhelmingly Quercus sinuata, but other species with calcareous affinities may also be present. Other overstory trees may include Carya myristiciformis, Fraxinus americana, Fraxinus quadrangulata (very rare), Juglans nigra, Quercus x macnabiana, Quercus muehlenbergii, Quercus shumardii, Tilia americana var. caroliniana (= Tilia caroliniana) (rare), and Ulmus crassifolia. The midstory may include Acer floridanum (= Acer barbatum) (rare), Carpinus caroliniana, Celtis laevigata, Cercis canadensis, Crataegus marshallii, Diospyros virginiana, Maclura pomifera, Ostrya virginiana, and Viburnum rufidulum. The shrub layer is also usually sparse and may include Aesculus pavia, Aralia spinosa, Arundinaria gigantea (may occur in dense patches), Frangula caroliniana, and Sabal minor (rare). Woody vines include Berchemia scandens, Smilax glauca, Toxicodendron radicans, and Vitis rotundifolia but are not particularly important to the structure of the woodlands. The herbaceous layer is dominated by forbs and sedges. Dominant herbaceous species include Symphyotrichum cordifolium (= Aster cordifolius), Carex cherokeensis, Desmodium perplexum (= Desmodium paniculatum var. dillenii), Geum canadense, Helianthus hirsutus, Leersia virginica, and Solidago auriculata.
Other herbaceous species include Arisaema dracontium, Asclepias purpurascens, Asplenium platyneuron, Symphyotrichum cordifolium, Symphyotrichum patens (= Aster patens), Aureolaria grandiflora, Arnoglossum plantagineum (= Cacalia tuberosa), Camassia scilloides, Carex annectens, Carex crawei, Carex glaucodea (= Carex flaccosperma var. glaucodea), Centrosema virginianum, Chaerophyllum tainturieri, Delphinium carolinianum ssp. virescens (= Delphinium carolinianum ssp. penardii), Cardamine concatenata (= Dentaria laciniata), Echinacea purpurea, Elymus virginicus, Erythronium albidum, Festuca subverticillata (= Festuca obtusa), Galium circaezans, Lactuca floridana, Leersia virginica, Liatris aspera, Lonicera flava, Maianthemum paniculatum, Penstemon digitalis, Phlox pilosa, Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana (= Polypodium polypodioides var. michauxianum), Polystichum acrostichoides, Ruellia humilis, Salvia lyrata, Schizachyrium scoparium, Packera glabella (= Senecio glabellus), Sisyrinchium sp., Solidago ulmifolia, Spigelia marilandica, Thalictrum thalictroides, Trepocarpus aethusae, Glandularia bipinnatifida (= Verbena bipinnatifida), Verbesina helianthoides, Viola triloba, and Zigadenus nuttallii.
Other herbaceous species include Arisaema dracontium, Asclepias purpurascens, Asplenium platyneuron, Symphyotrichum cordifolium, Symphyotrichum patens (= Aster patens), Aureolaria grandiflora, Arnoglossum plantagineum (= Cacalia tuberosa), Camassia scilloides, Carex annectens, Carex crawei, Carex glaucodea (= Carex flaccosperma var. glaucodea), Centrosema virginianum, Chaerophyllum tainturieri, Delphinium carolinianum ssp. virescens (= Delphinium carolinianum ssp. penardii), Cardamine concatenata (= Dentaria laciniata), Echinacea purpurea, Elymus virginicus, Erythronium albidum, Festuca subverticillata (= Festuca obtusa), Galium circaezans, Lactuca floridana, Leersia virginica, Liatris aspera, Lonicera flava, Maianthemum paniculatum, Penstemon digitalis, Phlox pilosa, Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana (= Polypodium polypodioides var. michauxianum), Polystichum acrostichoides, Ruellia humilis, Salvia lyrata, Schizachyrium scoparium, Packera glabella (= Senecio glabellus), Sisyrinchium sp., Solidago ulmifolia, Spigelia marilandica, Thalictrum thalictroides, Trepocarpus aethusae, Glandularia bipinnatifida (= Verbena bipinnatifida), Verbesina helianthoides, Viola triloba, and Zigadenus nuttallii.
Dynamics: Historically, fires sweeping through the adjacent blackland prairies would have maintained the woodland structure of this slope community. This community has responded well to the suspension of grazing and fire management.
Environmental Description: Soils are deep but eroded (in places deeply) alkaline clays, with the high shrink-swell characteristics of the Sumter Series. This community is located at the southern end of the Woodbine Escarpment above the Little River overflow bottoms. Chalk is absent near the surface with the Sumter soils overlying calcareous Nacatoch sands at this locality.
Geographic Range: This woodland community occurs in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain of Arkansas.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AR
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.688995
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G1
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.1 White Oak - Southern Red Oak - Shortleaf Pine Forest & Woodland Macrogroup | M016 | 1.B.2.Na.1 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.1.e Chinquapin Oak - Shumard Oak - Blue Ash Forest & Woodland Group | G601 | 1.B.2.Na.1.e |
| Alliance | A3276 Chinquapin Oak - Hickory species - Bastard Oak Forest Alliance | A3276 | 1.B.2.Na.1.e |
| Association | CEGL007966 Bastard Oak / Eared Goldenrod - Nuttall''s Deathcamas Mixed Herb Dry-Mesic Blackland Ravine Woodland | CEGL007966 | 1.B.2.Na.1.e |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: No Data Available
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
- Zollner, D., S. Simon, and T. Foti. 2003. A plant community classification for Arkansas''s Blackland Prairie ecosystem. Pages 110-145 in: E. Peacock and T. Schauwecker, editors. Blackland prairies of the Gulf Coastal Plain: Nature, culture and sustainability. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.