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CEGL003589 Pinus palustris / Quercus laevis - Quercus geminata / Aristida stricta Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Longleaf Pine / Turkey Oak - Sand Live Oak / Pineland Three-awn Woodland
Colloquial Name: Atlantic Coastal Plain Longleaf Sandhill Scrub
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: These are xeric longleaf pine sandhills, occurring mostly in the Outer Coastal Plain of North Carolina and South Carolina, but occasionally further inland (e.g., Bladen and Scotland counties, North Carolina). The canopy consists of an open (and sometimes very sparse) canopy of Pinus palustris. Quercus laevis is the predominant scrub oak, but Quercus geminata, Quercus hemisphaerica, and Quercus incana are often present and abundant. Although several characteristic coastal fringe species may be present, this type has substantially less of a broadleaf evergreen component than ~Pinus palustris / Quercus geminata - Quercus hemisphaerica / Osmanthus americanus Woodland (CEGL003577)$$, and a sparse to dense layer of Aristida stricta, depending upon tree cover.
Diagnostic Characteristics: This type can be distinguished by its location primarily in the Outer Coastal Plain of North Carolina and South Carolina, and hence its signature of coastal fringe species (e.g., Quercus geminata, Smilax auriculata). It is closely related to ~Pinus palustris / Quercus geminata - Quercus hemisphaerica / Osmanthus americanus Woodland (CEGL003577)$$, but the herbaceous layer is more diverse and developed in this type, with a higher abundance of Aristida stricta.
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Description has been changed based on 14 plots from the Carolina Vegetation Survey (http://vegbank.org\cite\VB.ds.199637.CEGL003589). Two subassociations were identified within this type: Subassociation A (http://vegbank.org/cite/VB.ds.199878.CEGL003589A) and Subassociation B (http://vegbank.org\cite\VB.ds.199877.CEGL003589B). Subassociation B (3 plots) occurs exclusively in the inner Coastal Plain of North Carolina and South Carolina. This association is more or less equivalent to the original concept of CEGL003589, but is slightly larger in concept because it encompasses plots located in both the outer and inner coastal plains of North Carolina and northern South Carolina. Although, Subassociation B may deserve its own designation as a separate type, data are generally lacking for the inner Coastal Plain and more data are needed to determine if Subassociations A and B are separate vegetation types. The name has been simplified by removing Vaccinium tenellum.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This type has a sparse to moderate canopy of Pinus palustris with Quercus laevis dominating the subcanopy/shrub layer. Quercus incana and Quercus margarettae are also common in the subcanopy layer. Two subassociations have been identified that slightly differ in their species composition due to geography. Subassociation A is located in the Outer Coastal Plain and is characterized by some coastal fringe species, most notably Quercus geminata in the subcanopy layer. Subassociation B is located in the Inner Coastal Plain, thus coastal fringe species are lacking. The herbaceous layer is well-developed compared to other xeric types and Aristida stricta may be sparse to dense depending upon tree cover. Other typical species include Smilax auriculata, Cnidoscolus urens var. stimulosus (= Cnidoscolus stimulosus), Carphephorus bellidifolius, Vaccinium tenellum, Euphorbia ipecacuanhae, Eupatorium compositifolium, Pityopsis graminifolia, and Morella cerifera.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This association occurs on dry sands associated with old beach ridges, relict dunes, well-drained sandy flats, and Carolina bay rims on soils mapped as Spodic Quartzipsamments and Typic Haplohumods (Schafale 1994, Palmquist et al. 2014).
Geographic Range: This association is found primarily on the Outer Coastal Plain of North and South Carolina. The North Carolina range is primarily Brunswick and New Hanover counties, but extends as far north as Craven County and inland to Bladen County (Schafale 1994) and Scotland County (Palmquist et al. 2014). Occurrences of this type have also been documented in Horry County, South Carolina.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: NC, SC
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.688575
Confidence Level: High
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G2?
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.1 Warm Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F018 | 1.B.1 |
| Division | 1.B.1.Na Southeastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D006 | 1.B.1.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.1.Na.1 Longleaf Pine / Pineland Three-awn Woodland Macrogroup | M007 | 1.B.1.Na.1 |
| Group | 1.B.1.Na.1.c Longleaf Pine / Turkey Oak Xeric Woodland Group | G154 | 1.B.1.Na.1.c |
| Alliance | A4074 Longleaf Pine / Turkey Oak / Pineland Three-awn Woodland Alliance | A4074 | 1.B.1.Na.1.c |
| Association | CEGL003589 Longleaf Pine / Turkey Oak - Sand Live Oak / Pineland Three-awn Woodland | CEGL003589 | 1.B.1.Na.1.c |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: >< Pinus palustris / Quercus geminata - Quercus laevis / Vaccinium tenellum / Aristida stricta Woodland (Peet 1996) [I.Series 2.D]
> Pinus palustris / Quercus laevis - Quercus geminata / Vaccinium tenellum / Aristida stricta Woodland (Peet 2006) [1.1.3]
< IB6b. Southeastern Coastal Plain Xeric Sandhill (Allard 1990)
= Xeric Sandhill Scrub, Coastal Fringe Variant (Schafale 1994)
> Pinus palustris / Quercus laevis - Quercus geminata / Vaccinium tenellum / Aristida stricta Woodland (Peet 2006) [1.1.3]
< IB6b. Southeastern Coastal Plain Xeric Sandhill (Allard 1990)
= Xeric Sandhill Scrub, Coastal Fringe Variant (Schafale 1994)
- Allard, D. J. 1990. Southeastern United States ecological community classification. Interim report, Version 1.2. The Nature Conservancy, Southeast Regional Office, Chapel Hill, NC. 96 pp.
- Nelson, J. B. 1986. The natural communities of South Carolina: Initial classification and description. South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries, Columbia, SC. 55 pp.
- Palmquist, K. A., R. K. Peet, and S. C. Carr. 2016. Xeric longleaf pine vegetation of the Atlantic and East Gulf Coast Coastal Plain: An evaluation and revision of associations within the U.S. National Vegetation Classification. Proceedings of the U.S. National Vegetation Classification. [in press]
- Peet, R. K. 1996. Longleaf pine communities of the Carolinas and Georgia. Unpublished document. Botany Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
- Peet, R. K. 2006. Ecological classification of longleaf pine woodlands. Pages 51-93 in: S. Jose, E. J. Jokela, and D. L. Miller, editors. The Longleaf Pine Ecosystem: Ecology, Silviculture, and Restoration. Springer Science Business Media, LLC, New York.
- Schafale, M. P. 1994. Inventory of longleaf pine natural communities. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 230 pp.
- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.