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CEGL002479 Pinus resinosa - Pinus strobus / Corylus cornuta Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Red Pine - Eastern White Pine / Beaked Hazelnut Forest
Colloquial Name: Red Pine - White Pine / Hazelnut Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This red pine - white pine dry-mesic forest is found in the subboreal parts of the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada. Stands are found on a variety of slope positions on deep (>60 cm), dry-mesic to mesic, rapidly drained soils, with fine sandy to loamy soil textures. The tree canopy is evergreen to mixed evergreen-deciduous. Pinus resinosa and Pinus strobus may form a supercanopy over a mixture of other species, including Betula papyrifera, Populus tremuloides, Picea glauca, and Abies balsamea. Less frequent are Pinus resinosa, Populus grandidentata, and Thuja occidentalis. Tall shrubs and saplings include Abies balsamea, Acer spicatum, Amelanchier spp. and Corylus cornuta. Short shrubs include Diervilla lonicera, Linnaea borealis, Lonicera canadensis, and Vaccinium myrtilloides. Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides may be present in the eastern part of the range. Herbs include Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla, Clintonia borealis, Cornus canadensis, Maianthemum canadense, Oryzopsis asperifolia, Pteridium aquilinum, Streptopus lanceolatus var. longipes, and Trientalis borealis. Typical mosses include Pleurozium schreberi, Dicranum polysetum and Dicranum flagellare.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: In Wisconsin and Michigan, this type (CEGL002479) occurs in association with other subboreal forests in the extreme northern parts of those states, but is otherwise absent. Based solely on canopy dominance, an aspen-birch-white pine type has also been recognized by Grigal and Ohmann (1975) [see also Heinselman (1996)], which consists of two subtypes: stands currently with a white pine overstory, and stands formerly with white pine but currently dominated by aspen-birch because of past logging and fire. Thus this type may appear to be a relatively trivial split between pure evergreen white pine forest and pure deciduous aspen-birch types. However, the concept here is intended that this type be a dry-mesic white pine - (red pine), distinct from the more mesic white pine - (red pine) of ~Pinus strobus / Acer spicatum - Corylus cornuta Forest (CEGL002445)$$.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This white pine - hardwood forest is primarily mixed evergreen-deciduous on dry-mesic sites (some pure evergreen stands may occur). Pinus strobus may form a supercanopy over a mixture of other species, including Betula papyrifera, Populus tremuloides, Picea glauca, and Abies balsamea. Less frequent are Pinus resinosa, Populus grandidentata, and Thuja occidentalis. The subcanopy can include Acer rubrum and Acer saccharum, as well as a mixture of canopy species. Tall shrubs and saplings include Abies balsamea, Acer spicatum, Amelanchier spp., and Corylus cornuta. Short shrubs include Diervilla lonicera, Linnaea borealis, Lonicera canadensis, and Vaccinium myrtilloides. Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides (= Viburnum cassinoides) may be present in the eastern part of the range. Herbs include Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla (= Aster macrophyllus), Clintonia borealis, Cornus canadensis, Maianthemum canadense, Oryzopsis asperifolia, Pteridium aquilinum, Streptopus lanceolatus var. longipes (= Streptopus roseus), and Trientalis borealis. Typical mosses include Pleurozium schreberi, Dicranum polysetum and Dicranum flagellare (Sims et al. 1989, MNNHP 1993, Chambers et al. 1997).
Dynamics: This community typically develops as a successional stage after fire, but may also originate after logging.
Environmental Description: Stands are found on a variety of slope positions on deep (>60 cm), dry-mesic to mesic, rapidly drained soils, with fine sandy to loamy soil textures (Sims et al. 1989, MNNHP 1993, Chambers et al. 1997).
Geographic Range: This red pine - white pine - hardwood forest community type is found in the hemi-boreal parts of the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada, and perhaps further east in Quebec.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: MN, ON, QC
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.688375
Confidence Level: High
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G4?
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.6 Eastern White Pine - Jack Pine - Northern Pin Oak Forest & Woodland Macrogroup | M159 | 1.B.2.Na.6 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.6.c Jack Pine - Red Pine - Black Spruce Subboreal Forest Group | G047 | 1.B.2.Na.6.c |
| Alliance | A4130 Red Pine - White Pine Subboreal Forest Alliance | A4130 | 1.B.2.Na.6.c |
| Association | CEGL002479 Red Pine - Eastern White Pine / Beaked Hazelnut Forest | CEGL002479 | 1.B.2.Na.6.c |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Pinus strobus - Populus tremuloides / Corylus cornuta Forest (Faber-Langendoen 2001) [Northern Dry-Mesic Forest White Pine-Aspen Subtype]
= Northern Hardwood - Conifer Forest (Northern Section) (MNNHP 1993)
= Northern Hardwood - Conifer Forest (Northern Section) (MNNHP 1993)
- CDPNQ [Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec]. No date. Unpublished data. Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec, Québec.
- Chambers, B. A., B. J. Naylor, J. Nieppola, B. Merchant, and P. Uhlig. 1997. Field guide to forest ecosystems of central Ontario. Southcentral Science Section (SCSS) Field Guide FG-01, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, North Bay, Ontario, Canada. 200 pp.
- Faber-Langendoen, D., editor. 2001. Plant communities of the Midwest: Classification in an ecological context. Association for Biodiversity Information, Arlington, VA. 61 pp. plus appendix (705 pp.).
- Grigal, D. F., and L. F. Ohmann. 1975. Classification, description, and dynamics of upland plant communities within a Minnesota wilderness area. Ecological Monographs 45:389-407.
- Heinselman, M. 1996. The Boundary Waters Wilderness Ecosystem. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 334 pp.
- Hop, K., D. Faber-Langendoen, M. Lew-Smith, N. Aaseng, and S. Lubinski. [1999]. USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program: Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota. USDI U.S. Geological Survey, La Crosse, WI. 210 pp.
- Hop, K., S. Menard, J. Drake, S. Lubinski, and J. Dieck. 2010a. National Park Service Vegetation Inventory Program: Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, Wisconsin. Natural Resource Report NPS/GLKN/NRR-2010/199. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 310 pp.
- Hop, K., S. Menard, J. Drake, S. Lubinski, and J. Dieck. 2010c. National Park Service Vegetation Inventory Program: Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, Michigan. Natural Resource Report NPS/GLKN/NRR-2010/201. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. 358 pp.
- MNNHP [Minnesota Natural Heritage Program]. 1993. Minnesota''s native vegetation: A key to natural communities. Version 1.5. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program, St. Paul, MN. 110 pp.
- Midwestern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Minneapolis, MN.
- Minnesota DNR [Minnesota Department of Natural Resources]. 2003-2005a. Field guide to the native plant communities of Minnesota. Three volumes: The Laurentian Mixed Forest Province (2003), The Eastern Broadleaf Forest Province (2005c), The Prairie Parkland and Tallgrass Aspen Parklands provinces (2005b). Ecological Land Classification Program, Minnesota County Biological Survey, and Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul.
- Minnesota DNR [Minnesota Department of Natural Resources]. 2003. Field guide to the native plant communities of Minnesota: The Laurentian Mixed Forest Province. Ecological Land Classification Program, Minnesota County Biological Survey, and Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul.
- ONHIC [Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre]. 2018. Unpublished data. Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario, Canada.
- Sims, R. A., W. D. Towill, K. A. Baldwin, and G. M. Wickware. 1989. Field guide to the forest ecosystem classification for northwestern Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto. 191 pp.
- TNC [The Nature Conservancy]. 1999b. USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program: Classification of the vegetation of Isle Royale National Park. The Nature Conservancy, Midwest Regional Office, Minneapolis, MN, and International Headquarters, Arlington, VA. 143 pp.