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CEGL007272 Quercus shumardii - Quercus pagoda - Fraxinus americana / Ostrya virginiana / Trillium ludovicianum Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Shumard Oak - Cherrybark Oak - White Ash / Hophornbeam / Louisiana Wakerobin Forest
Colloquial Name: Jackson Formation Calcareous Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This mesic forest community is restricted to calcareous soils associated with the Jackson Formation in the West Gulf Coastal Plain of Louisiana, and related areas of the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi. The dense canopy is dominated by Quercus shumardii, Quercus pagoda, Fraxinus americana, Liquidambar styraciflua, Magnolia acuminata, Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus phellos, Quercus michauxii, Acer floridanum, Quercus muehlenbergii, Platanus occidentalis, and Pinus taeda. The subcanopy is open to fairly dense, and consists of Ostrya virginiana, Cornus florida, Acer floridanum, Asimina triloba, Ulmus alata, Frangula caroliniana, Zanthoxylum clava-herculis, Zanthoxylum americanum, Cercis canadensis var. canadensis, Hamamelis virginiana, and Sideroxylon lanuginosum. The sparse shrub and woody vine layer includes Bignonia capreolata, Aesculus pavia var. pavia, Rhus aromatica, Frangula caroliniana, Euonymus atropurpureus, Cocculus carolinus, Berchemia scandens, and Arundinaria gigantea. The herb layer is sparse and includes Carex cherokeensis, Lithospermum tuberosum, Botrychium virginianum, Aristolochia serpentaria, Delphinium carolinianum, Dioscorea quaternata, Trillium ludovicianum, Podophyllum peltatum, Polygonatum biflorum, Passiflora lutea, Phryma leptostachya, Spigelia marilandica, Taenidia integerrima, Phlox divaricata, and Smilax herbacea.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: At LeFleur''s Bluff State Park, Jackson, Mississippi (Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain), vegetation generally fitting this concept is dominated by Quercus shumardii and Fraxinus americana, with Quercus michauxii, Ostrya virginiana, Celtis laevigata var. laevigata, Tilia americana, Carpinus caroliniana, Diospyros virginiana, Cercis canadensis, and Halesia diptera. Shrubs include Arundinaria gigantea and Viburnum rufidulum. The herbaceous flora includes Sanicula odorata, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Smallanthus uvedalius, Ruellia strepens, Phryma leptostachya, Dioclea multiflora, Lithospermum tuberosum, Carex cherokeensis, and Carex willdenowii (Wieland 2000a). This Mississippi example ("Mesic Calcareous Bluff Forest") is found on rich mesic slopes with underlying calcareous parent material (Wieland 2000a). More information is needed on this vegetation across its range. Should these Mississippi stands be placed here, or is another association needed for the southern Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain? Ecological system placement is ambiguous, both in terms of East versus West Gulf, and in terms of "loess bluff" versus "mesic slope" (non-bluff) affiliation, as well as northern versus southern (more likely) placement on the East Gulf side.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The dense canopy is dominated by Quercus shumardii, Quercus pagoda, Fraxinus americana, Liquidambar styraciflua, Magnolia acuminata, Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus phellos, Quercus michauxii, Acer floridanum (= Acer barbatum), Quercus muehlenbergii, Platanus occidentalis, and Pinus taeda. The subcanopy is open to fairly dense, and consists of Ostrya virginiana, Cornus florida, Acer floridanum, Asimina triloba, Ulmus alata, Frangula caroliniana, Zanthoxylum clava-herculis, Zanthoxylum americanum, Cercis canadensis var. canadensis, Hamamelis virginiana, and Sideroxylon lanuginosum. The sparse shrub and woody vine layer includes Bignonia capreolata, Aesculus pavia var. pavia, Rhus aromatica, Frangula caroliniana, Euonymus atropurpureus, Cocculus carolinus, Berchemia scandens, and Arundinaria gigantea (= ssp. gigantea). The herb layer is sparse and includes Carex cherokeensis, Lithospermum tuberosum, Botrychium virginianum, Aristolochia serpentaria, Delphinium carolinianum, Dioscorea quaternata, Trillium ludovicianum, Podophyllum peltatum, Polygonatum biflorum, Passiflora lutea, Phryma leptostachya, Spigelia marilandica, Taenidia integerrima, Phlox divaricata, and Smilax herbacea.
At LeFleur''s Bluff State Park, Jackson, Mississippi, vegetation generally fitting this concept is dominated by Quercus shumardii and Fraxinus americana, with Quercus michauxii, Ostrya virginiana, Celtis laevigata var. laevigata, Tilia americana, Carpinus caroliniana, Diospyros virginiana, Cercis canadensis, and Halesia diptera. Shrubs include Arundinaria gigantea and Viburnum rufidulum. The herbaceous flora includes Sanicula odorata, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Smallanthus uvedalius, Ruellia strepens, Phryma leptostachya, Dioclea multiflora, Lithospermum tuberosum, Carex cherokeensis, and Carex willdenowii (Wieland 2000a).
At LeFleur''s Bluff State Park, Jackson, Mississippi, vegetation generally fitting this concept is dominated by Quercus shumardii and Fraxinus americana, with Quercus michauxii, Ostrya virginiana, Celtis laevigata var. laevigata, Tilia americana, Carpinus caroliniana, Diospyros virginiana, Cercis canadensis, and Halesia diptera. Shrubs include Arundinaria gigantea and Viburnum rufidulum. The herbaceous flora includes Sanicula odorata, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Smallanthus uvedalius, Ruellia strepens, Phryma leptostachya, Dioclea multiflora, Lithospermum tuberosum, Carex cherokeensis, and Carex willdenowii (Wieland 2000a).
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This mesic forest community is known from fire-protected mesic areas of calcareous soils overlying the Jackson Formation in north-central Louisiana. This or related vegetation is known from related areas of the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi. This Mississippi example ("Mesic Calcareous Bluff Forest") is found on rich mesic slopes with underlying calcareous parent material (Wieland 2000a).
Geographic Range: This association is only known from fire-protected mesic areas of calcareous soils overlying the Jackson Formation in north-central Louisiana, and related areas of the Upper East Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AL?, LA, MS
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.688156
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G1
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.1 Warm Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F018 | 1.B.1 |
| Division | 1.B.1.Na Southeastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D006 | 1.B.1.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.1.Na.3 American Beech - Southern Magnolia - White Oak Forest Macrogroup | M008 | 1.B.1.Na.3 |
| Group | 1.B.1.Na.3.b American Beech - Southern Sugar Maple - White Oak Forest Group | G166 | 1.B.1.Na.3.b |
| Alliance | A3235 Shumard Oak - Cherrybark Oak - White Ash Coastal Plain Forest Alliance | A3235 | 1.B.1.Na.3.b |
| Association | CEGL007272 Shumard Oak - Cherrybark Oak - White Ash / Hophornbeam / Louisiana Wakerobin Forest | CEGL007272 | 1.B.1.Na.3.b |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: No Data Available
- Govus, Tom. Personal communication. Ecologist. Ellijay, GA.
- LNHP [Louisiana Natural Heritage Program]. 2009. Natural communities of Louisiana. Louisiana Natural Heritage Program, Louisiana Department of Wildlife & Fisheries, Baton Rouge. 46 pp. [http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/page_wildlife/6776-Rare%20Natural%20Communities/LA_NAT_COM.pdf]
- MSNHP [Mississippi Natural Heritage Program]. 2006. Ecological communities of Mississippi. Museum of Natural Science, Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks, Jackson, MS. 9 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.