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CEGL002137 Quercus macrocarpa / Corylus cornuta Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Bur Oak / Beaked Hazelnut Woodland
Colloquial Name: Great Plains Bur Oak / Hazelnut Woodland
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This bur oak / beaked hazelnut is found in the north-central Great Plains of the United States and possibly adjacent prairie provinces in Canada. Stands occur on level to gentle lower slopes of isolated buttes and hills. The soils are sandy loams, with pH 7.0-7.5. The overstory of this community is dominated by deciduous tree species, especially Quercus macrocarpa, but including Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Populus tremuloides, and Ulmus americana. Prunus virginiana may be present in the tree subcanopy, while the shrub layer may contain species such as Amelanchier alnifolia, Corylus americana, Corylus cornuta, and Ribes missouriense. The herbaceous contains species such as Apocynum androsaemifolium, Aralia nudicaulis, Galium boreale, and Viola canadensis.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This type concept emphasizes a northwestern, and perhaps unglaciated, Great Plains distribution. It is not found in the tallgrass prairie region, unlike ~Quercus macrocarpa / Corylus americana - Amelanchier alnifolia Woodland (CEGL000556)$$, which is found in the northeastern Great Plains and northern tallgrass prairie ecoregion. In contrast, ~Quercus macrocarpa / Prunus virginiana - Symphoricarpos occidentalis Woodland (CEGL002138)$$ is found in moist bottomland sites in the Black Hills and adjacent Great Plains, and ~Quercus macrocarpa - Populus tremuloides / Corylus spp. Woodland (CEGL002139)$$ is found in the aspen parkland region. Saskatchewan should perhaps be listed only for either this type (CEGL002137) or CEGL000556.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The overstory of this community is dominated by deciduous tree species, especially Quercus macrocarpa, but including Fraxinus americana, Populus tremuloides, and Ulmus americana. Girard (1985) reported that Quercus macrocarpa contributed 10.2 m2 of a total basal area of 13.1 m2/ha, had a density of 517 trees/ha, and covered 100% of the canopy. Prunus virginiana may be present in the tree subcanopy, while the shrub layer may contain species such as Amelanchier alnifolia, Corylus americana, Corylus cornuta, and Ribes missouriense. Species such as Apocynum androsaemifolium, Aralia nudicaulis, Galium boreale, and Viola canadensis occur in the herbaceous layer. Wali et al. (1980) found that bur oak accounted for over 70% of the relative density and dominance. Corylus cornuta, Corylus americana, and Amelanchier alnifolia account for over 75% of all shrub stratum stems.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This type occurs on level to gentle lower slopes of isolated buttes. Slopes range from nearly level to 30%. The soils are sandy loams, with pH 7.0-7.5. These communities may be found on any aspect, although they are more likely on east-facing and southeast-facing slopes. The slope angle and aspect of the stands results in a relatively dry site (Girard 1985).
Geographic Range: This bur oak / beaked hazelnut is found in the north-central Great Plains, particularly North Dakota and possibly adjacent states and provinces in the United States and Canada. It is particularly reported in the Killdeer Mountains of western North Dakota, and possibly elsewhere in North Dakota and Saskatchewan.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: ND, SD, SK
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.687579
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G2G3
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Ne North American Great Plains Forest & Woodland Division | D326 | 1.B.2.Ne |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Ne.1 Bur Oak - Quaking Aspen / Western Wheatgrass Forest Woodland Macrogroup | M151 | 1.B.2.Ne.1 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Ne.1.a Bur Oak - Hazelnut species / Sedge species Forest & Woodland Group | G329 | 1.B.2.Ne.1.a |
| Alliance | A1505 Bur Oak / Mixedgrass Woodland Alliance | A1505 | 1.B.2.Ne.1.a |
| Association | CEGL002137 Bur Oak / Beaked Hazelnut Woodland | CEGL002137 | 1.B.2.Ne.1.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Quercus macrocarpa / Corylus cornuta Woodland (Faber-Langendoen 2001)
= Quercus macrocarpa / Corylus spp. Habitat Type (Girard 1985)
< Quercus macrocarpa / Corylus spp. Plant Association (Johnston 1987)
= Bur oak community (Wali et al. 1980)
= Quercus macrocarpa / Corylus spp. Habitat Type (Girard 1985)
< Quercus macrocarpa / Corylus spp. Plant Association (Johnston 1987)
= Bur oak community (Wali et al. 1980)
- Faber-Langendoen, D., editor. 2001. Plant communities of the Midwest: Classification in an ecological context. Association for Biodiversity Information, Arlington, VA. 61 pp. plus appendix (705 pp.).
- Girard, M. M. 1985. Native woodland ecology and habitat type classification of southwestern North Dakota. Ph.D. thesis, North Dakota State University, Fargo.
- Girard, M. M., H. Goetz, and A. J. Bjugstad. 1989. Native woodland habitat types of southwestern North Dakota. Research Paper RM-281. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO. 36 pp.
- Johnston, B. C. 1987. Plant associations of Region Two: Potential plant communities of Wyoming, South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado, and Kansas. R2-ECOL-87-2. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. Lakewood, CO. 429 pp.
- Midwestern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Minneapolis, MN.
- NDNHI [North Dakota Natural Heritage Inventory]. 2018. Unpublished data. Vegetation classification of North Dakota. North Dakota Natural Heritage Inventory, North Dakota Parks & Recreation Department, Bismarck.
- SDNHP [South Dakota Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data. South Dakota Natural Heritage Program, Pierre, SD.
- Sieg, C. H. 1991. Ecology of bur oak woodlands in the foothills of the Black Hills, South Dakota. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Range and Wildlife Management, Texas Tech University.
- Wali, M. K., K. T. Killingbeck, R. H. Bares, and L. E. Shubert. 1980. Vegetation-environment relationships of woodland and shrub communities, and soil algae in western North Dakota. Report of a project of the North Dakota Regional Environmental Assessment Program. ND REAP Project No. 7-01-1. Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND.