Print Report
CEGL002467 Populus tremuloides - Betula papyrifera - (Acer rubrum, Fraxinus nigra) Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Quaking Aspen - Paper Birch - (Red Maple, Black Ash) Forest
Colloquial Name: Aspen - Birch - Red Maple Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This aspen - birch - maple forest is found in the subboreal region of the upper midwestern United States and southern and central Canada. Sites are on level to rolling topography, and on upper slopes or plateaus or in valley bottoms. The substrate is derived from glacial outwash, lacustrine deposits, or moraines. The soil is typically deep, sandy loam to silty and well-drained to moist. This deciduous forest community has a moderately closed canopy usually dominated by Populus tremuloides and Betula papyrifera. Acer rubrum and Populus grandidentata may be absent to dominant. Other minor components of the overstory may include Abies balsamea, Pinus resinosa, Pinus strobus, Picea glauca, Quercus rubra, and Tilia americana. Wetter conditions are indicated by Fraxinus nigra and Fraxinus pennsylvanica. The shrub layer is approximately 2 m tall and often well-developed. The most abundant species are Acer spicatum, Amelanchier spp., Corylus cornuta, Diervilla lonicera, and Rosa acicularis. Other shrubs present include Lonicera canadensis, Rubus pubescens, Vaccinium angustifolium, and Vaccinium myrtilloides. The herbaceous layer tends to contain many species. Common species are Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla, Clintonia borealis, Maianthemum canadense, Trientalis borealis, and Viola spp.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: In Michigan, Quercus rubra may be present. This type can result from removal of conifers by logging; e.g., Wisconsin does not track this type for conservation purposes because it most commonly establishes after logging of spruce-fir stands. Stands with understories of pines or mixed aspen-birch-pines best fit under the mixed evergreen-deciduous types (e.g., ~Pinus resinosa - Pinus strobus / Corylus cornuta Forest (CEGL002479)$$).
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This deciduous forest community has a moderately closed canopy usually dominated by Populus tremuloides and Betula papyrifera. Acer rubrum and Populus grandidentata may be absent to dominant. Other minor components of the overstory may include Abies balsamea, Pinus resinosa, Pinus strobus, Picea glauca, Quercus rubra, Tilia americana, and Ulmus americana. The shrub layer is approximately 2 m tall and often well-developed (MNNHP 1993). The most abundant species are Acer spicatum, Amelanchier spp., Corylus cornuta, Diervilla lonicera, and Rosa acicularis. Other shrubs present include Lonicera canadensis, Rubus pubescens, Vaccinium angustifolium, and Vaccinium myrtilloides. The herbaceous layer tends to contain many species. Common species include Aralia nudicaulis, Eurybia macrophylla (= Aster macrophyllus), Clintonia borealis, Maianthemum canadense, Trientalis borealis, and Viola spp.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This community is mostly found on level to rolling topography. It can occur on upper slopes or plateaus or in valley bottoms (Ohmann and Ream 1971). The soil is typically deep, sandy loam or silty with mesic (well-drained) to moist (poorly drained) conditions (Alban et al. 1991, Minnesota DNR 2005a). The sites are on glacial outwash, lacustrine deposits, or moraines (Ohmann and Ream 1971, Sims et al. 1989).
Geographic Range: This aspen - birch - maple forest is found in the upper midwestern United States and southern and central Canada, ranging from Minnesota and Manitoba east to Michigan, Ontario and possibly Quebec. In Wisconsin, it is essentially restricted to the northwest corner of the state, in the "boreal" forest region. Elsewhere, other northern hardwoods are mixed in and those stands are better placed in CEGL002468. In Michigan, it may be limited to Isle Royale and parts of the Keweenaw Peninsula.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: MI, MN, ON, QC?, WI
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.686932
Confidence Level: High
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G5
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.7 Sugar Maple - Yellow Birch - Eastern Hemlock Forest Macrogroup | M014 | 1.B.2.Na.7 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.7.h <i>Acer saccharum - Tilia americana - Fagus grandifolia</i> Forest Group | G921 | 1.B.2.Na.7.h |
| Alliance | A4444 Paper Birch - Quaking Aspen Laurentian Forest Alliance | A4444 | 1.B.2.Na.7.h |
| Association | CEGL002467 Quaking Aspen - Paper Birch - (Red Maple, Black Ash) Forest | CEGL002467 | 1.B.2.Na.7.h |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Populus tremuloides - Betula papyrifera - (Acer rubrum, Populus grandidentata) Forest (Faber-Langendoen 2001) [Northern Mesic Forest Aspen-Birch-Red Maple Subtype]
= Aspen - Birch Forest (MNNHP 1993)
= Cloquet Site (Alban et al. 1991)
= Dry-Mesic Northern Forest - Aspen-Birch (Chapman et al. 1989)
= Maple - Aspen - Birch (Ohmann and Ream 1971)
= Aspen - Birch Forest (MNNHP 1993)
= Cloquet Site (Alban et al. 1991)
= Dry-Mesic Northern Forest - Aspen-Birch (Chapman et al. 1989)
= Maple - Aspen - Birch (Ohmann and Ream 1971)
- Alban, D. H., D. A. Perala, M. F. Jurgensen, M. E. Ostry, and J. R. Probst. 1991. Aspen ecosystem properties in the Upper Great Lakes. Research Paper NC-300. USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station. St. Paul, MN. 47 pp.
- CDPNQ [Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec]. No date. Unpublished data. Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec, Québec.
- Chapman, K. A., D. A. Albert, and G. A. Reese. 1989. Draft descriptions of Michigan''s natural community types. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Lansing, MI. 35 pp.
- Faber-Langendoen, D., editor. 2001. Plant communities of the Midwest: Classification in an ecological context. Association for Biodiversity Information, Arlington, VA. 61 pp. plus appendix (705 pp.).
- Hop, K., D. Faber-Langendoen, M. Lew-Smith, N. Aaseng, and S. Lubinski. [1999]. USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program: Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota. USDI U.S. Geological Survey, La Crosse, WI. 210 pp.
- Hop, K., S. Menard, J. Drake, S. Lubinski, and J. Dieck. 2010a. National Park Service Vegetation Inventory Program: Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, Wisconsin. Natural Resource Report NPS/GLKN/NRR-2010/199. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 310 pp.
- Kost, M. A., D. A. Albert, J. G. Cohen, B. S. Slaughter, R. K. Schillo, C. R. Weber, and K. A. Chapman. 2007. Natural communities of Michigan: Classification and description. Report No. 2007-21, Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Lansing. 314 pp. [http://web4.msue.msu.edu/mnfi/reports/2007-21_Natural_Communites_of_Michigan_Classification_and_Description.pdf]
- Lee, H., W. Bakowsky, J. Riley, J. Bowles, M. Puddister, P. Uhlig, and S. McMurray. 1998. Ecological land classification for southern Ontario: First approximation and its application. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Southcentral Science Section, Science Development and Transfer Branch. SCSS Field Guide FG-02.
- MNNHP [Minnesota Natural Heritage Program]. 1993. Minnesota''s native vegetation: A key to natural communities. Version 1.5. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program, St. Paul, MN. 110 pp.
- Midwestern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Minneapolis, MN.
- Minnesota DNR [Minnesota Department of Natural Resources]. 2003-2005a. Field guide to the native plant communities of Minnesota. Three volumes: The Laurentian Mixed Forest Province (2003), The Eastern Broadleaf Forest Province (2005c), The Prairie Parkland and Tallgrass Aspen Parklands provinces (2005b). Ecological Land Classification Program, Minnesota County Biological Survey, and Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul.
- Minnesota DNR [Minnesota Department of Natural Resources]. 2003. Field guide to the native plant communities of Minnesota: The Laurentian Mixed Forest Province. Ecological Land Classification Program, Minnesota County Biological Survey, and Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul.
- ONHIC [Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre]. 2018. Unpublished data. Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario, Canada.
- Ohmann, L. F., and P. R. Ream. 1971. Wilderness ecology: Virgin plant communities of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area. Research Paper NC-63. USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, St. Paul, MN. 35 pp.
- Sims, R. A., W. D. Towill, K. A. Baldwin, P. Uhlig, and G. M. Wickware. 1997. Field guide to the forest ecosystem classification for northwestern Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, North West Science and Technology, Thunder Bay, ON. Field Guide FG-03. 176 pp.
- Sims, R. A., W. D. Towill, K. A. Baldwin, and G. M. Wickware. 1989. Field guide to the forest ecosystem classification for northwestern Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto. 191 pp.
- TNC [The Nature Conservancy]. 1999b. USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program: Classification of the vegetation of Isle Royale National Park. The Nature Conservancy, Midwest Regional Office, Minneapolis, MN, and International Headquarters, Arlington, VA. 143 pp.
- WDNR [Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources]. 2015. The ecological landscapes of Wisconsin: An assessment of ecological resources and a guide to planning sustainable management. PUB-SS-1131 2015. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison. [http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/landscapes/Book.html]