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CEGL003321 Sagittaria latifolia Aquatic Vegetation
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Broadleaf Arrowhead Aquatic Vegetation
Colloquial Name: No Data Available
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This herbaceous vegetation occurs from California to British Columbia at 2 to 152 m (6-500 feet) elevation. Habitat is seasonal pools, ponds, sloughs, and freshwater tidal mudflats. This association forms emergent marsh and is primarily a low-elevation wetland type in western Oregon. Stands are flooded early in the season and may dry out as summer progresses, or may remain flooded throughout the growing season, and some are irrigated by daily freshwater tides along the lower Columbia River. They typically occur in floodplain openings ringed by often extensive stands of Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra and are generally too wet for Fraxinus latifolia or Spiraea douglasii. Twenty-nine herbaceous species are recorded from sampled plots, Sagittaria latifolia being the most abundant with an average cover of 52% and ranging from 25-85%. Eleocharis palustris is present in more than half the plots but at low cover. Other species with significant patches include Bidens cernua, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Sparganium angustifolium, Potamogeton natans, Leersia oryzoides, and Eleocharis ovata. Conditions are usually too wet for Phalaris arundinacea except around the edges of ponds and sloughs where competition is intense. Sagittaria latifolia was a well-documented staple food of the Kalapuya and Chinook people and intensively managed (Darby 1996, Boyd 1999). It was probably widespread on floodplains in the Willamette Valley but has become rare because of loss of pond and slough habitat to flood control, agriculture, urban development, and Phalaris arundinacea. The largest populations remaining in the region occur on Sauvie Island.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: No Data Available
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: No Data Available
Geographic Range: This association occurs from California to British Columbia (Christy 2004).
Nations: CA?,US
States/Provinces: BC?, CA?, OR, WA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.686720
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 5 Aquatic Vegetation Class | C05 | 5 |
| Subclass | 5.B Freshwater Aquatic Vegetation Subclass | S13 | 5.B |
| Formation | 5.B.2 Temperate to Polar Freshwater Aquatic Vegetation Formation | F057 | 5.B.2 |
| Division | 5.B.2.Na North American Freshwater Aquatic Vegetation Division | D049 | 5.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 5.B.2.Na.2 Rocky Mountain Pond-lily - Pacific Mosquito Fern - Western Waterweed Western North American Freshwater Aquatic Vegetation Macrogroup | M109 | 5.B.2.Na.2 |
| Group | 5.B.2.Na.2.a Pond-lily species - Pondweed species - Duckweed species Freshwater Aquatic Vegetation Group | G544 | 5.B.2.Na.2.a |
| Alliance | A3928 Broadleaf Arrowhead Aquatic Vegetation Alliance | A3928 | 5.B.2.Na.2.a |
| Association | CEGL003321 Broadleaf Arrowhead Aquatic Vegetation | CEGL003321 | 5.B.2.Na.2.a |
Concept Lineage: Upgraded to Standard during screening.
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Ranunculus aquatilis (McCain and Christy 2005) [14 plots]
= Sagittaria latifolia Association (Christy 2004)
= Sagittaria latifolia community type (Kunze 1994) [(p. 48)]
= Sagittaria latifolia Association (Christy 2004)
= Sagittaria latifolia community type (Kunze 1994) [(p. 48)]
- Boyd, R. 1999. Strategies of Indian burning in the Willamette Valley. Pages 94-138 in: R. Boyd, editor. Indians, fire, and the land in the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis. 313 pp.
- Christy, J. A. 2004. Native freshwater wetland plant associations of northwestern Oregon. Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center, Oregon State University, Portland, OR.
- Christy, J. A., and J. A. Putera. 1993. Lower Columbia River Natural Area Inventory, 1992. Oregon Natural Heritage Program, Portland. 75 pp.
- Darby, M. C. 1996. Wapato for the people: An ecological approach to understanding the Native American use of Sagittaria latifolia on the lower Columbia River. M.A. thesis, Portland State University, Portland, OR. 136 pp.
- Kagan, J. S., J. A. Christy, M. P. Murray, and J. A. Titus. 2004. Classification of native vegetation of Oregon. January 2004. Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center, Portland. 52 pp.
- Kunze, L. M. 1994. Preliminary classification of native, low elevation, freshwater wetland vegetation in western Washington. Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program. 120 pp.
- McCain, C., and J. A. Christy. 2005. Field guide to riparian plant communities in northwestern Oregon. Technical Paper R6-NR-ECOL-TP-01-05. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, Portland. 357 pp.
- Smith, H. L. 1976. Wonderful wappato, the wild potato: An Oregon vignette. Smith, Smith & Smith Publishing Company, Lake Oswego, OR. 16 pp.
- Titus, J. H., J. A. Christy, D. Vander Schaaf, J. S. Kagan, and E. R. Alverson. 1996. Native wetland, riparian, and upland plant communities and their biota in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Report to the Environmental Protection Agency, Region X, Seattle, WA. Willamette Basin Geographic Initiative. Oregon Natural Heritage Program, The Nature Conservancy, Portland, OR.
- WNHP [Washington Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data files. Washington Natural Heritage Program, Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA.
- Western Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boulder, CO.