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CEGL002438 Pinus banksiana / Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Jack Pine / Kinnikinnick Forest
Colloquial Name: Jack Pine / Kinnikinnick Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This jack pine - red pine dry sand woodland type is found in northern Minnesota and in the central subboreal forest region of Canada. Stands occur on flat to rolling topography. The soils are relatively infertile sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, and sometimes silt. There is a shallow but largely continuous layer of humus. The overstory is dominated by Pinus banksiana or Pinus resinosa. There may be scattered Pinus strobus, Populus tremuloides, and, in stands adjacent to low areas, Picea mariana. The canopy is typically 15-20 m tall. The more mesic sites tend to have denser shrub layers. Typical components include Amelanchier alnifolia, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Diervilla lonicera, Hudsonia tomentosa, and Vaccinium angustifolium. Common herbaceous species are Symphyotrichum laeve, Cornus canadensis, Maianthemum canadense, Oryzopsis asperifolia, and Solidago spp. Drier sites have more open understories and depauperate flora. Mosses are common, especially on more mesic sites. This community develops following fire. Without periodic fires, later successional species, such as Abies balsamea, Picea glauca and Picea mariana, may invade.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This type could be split into two types, a jack pine sand woodland, and a red pine sand woodland [see Minnesota DNR (2003)]. ~Pinus banksiana / Vaccinium spp. / Pleurozium schreberi Woodland (CEGL002441)$$ is a related community but is somewhat less even-aged and may be on slightly more fertile soils.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The overstory is dominated by either Pinus banksiana or Pinus resinosa. There may be scattered Pinus strobus, Populus tremuloides, and, in stands adjacent to low areas, Picea mariana. The canopy is typically 15-20 m tall. The more mesic sites tend to have denser shrub layers. Usual components include Amelanchier alnifolia, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Diervilla lonicera, Hudsonia tomentosa, and Vaccinium angustifolium. Common herbaceous species are Symphyotrichum laeve (= Aster laevis), Cornus canadensis, Maianthemum canadense, Oryzopsis asperifolia, and Solidago spp. (Zoladeski et al. 1995).
Dynamics: This community develops following fire. Without periodic fires, later successional species, such as Abies balsamea and Picea spp., invade. Drier sites have more open understories and depauperate flora (MNNHP 1993). Mosses are common, especially on more mesic sites.
Environmental Description: This community occurs on flat to rolling topography on eolian, glaciofluvial, lacustrine, and morainal deposits. These deposits produce relatively infertile sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, and sometimes silt soils. There is a shallow but largely continuous layer of humus (Mueller-Dombois 1964, Zoladeski et al. 1995).
Geographic Range: This jack pine - red pine sand woodland is found in the eastern hemi-boreal region of North America, particularly in northwestern Minnesota and southeastern Manitoba, and possibly Ontario.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: MB, MN, ON, QC?
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.686707
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G4G5
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.6 Eastern White Pine - Jack Pine - Northern Pin Oak Forest & Woodland Macrogroup | M159 | 1.B.2.Na.6 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.6.b Jack Pine - Red Pine - Oak species Subboreal Woodland Group | G347 | 1.B.2.Na.6.b |
| Alliance | A3840 Jack Pine - Red Pine / Kinnikinnick Subboreal Sand Woodland Alliance | A3840 | 1.B.2.Na.6.b |
| Association | CEGL002438 Jack Pine / Kinnikinnick Forest | CEGL002438 | 1.B.2.Na.6.b |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Pinus banksiana / Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Forest (Faber-Langendoen 2001)
= Dry Arctostaphylos-Cladonia Type on Minimal Podzols (Mueller-Dombois 1964)
= Jack Pine Conifer (V24) (Zoladeski et al. 1995)
= Jack Pine Forest (Northwest Section) (MNNHP 1993)
= Dry Arctostaphylos-Cladonia Type on Minimal Podzols (Mueller-Dombois 1964)
= Jack Pine Conifer (V24) (Zoladeski et al. 1995)
= Jack Pine Forest (Northwest Section) (MNNHP 1993)
- CDPNQ [Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec]. No date. Unpublished data. Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec, Québec.
- Faber-Langendoen, D., editor. 2001. Plant communities of the Midwest: Classification in an ecological context. Association for Biodiversity Information, Arlington, VA. 61 pp. plus appendix (705 pp.).
- Greenall, J. A. 1995. Draft element descriptions for natural communities of southern Manitoba (prairie and parkland regions). Manitoba Conservation Data Centre, Winnipeg. 17 pp.
- Greenall, J. A. 1996. Manitoba''s terrestrial plant communities. MS Report 96-02. Manitoba Conservation Data Centre, Winnipeg.
- MNNHP [Minnesota Natural Heritage Program]. 1993. Minnesota''s native vegetation: A key to natural communities. Version 1.5. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program, St. Paul, MN. 110 pp.
- Midwestern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Minneapolis, MN.
- Minnesota DNR [Minnesota Department of Natural Resources]. 2003-2005a. Field guide to the native plant communities of Minnesota. Three volumes: The Laurentian Mixed Forest Province (2003), The Eastern Broadleaf Forest Province (2005c), The Prairie Parkland and Tallgrass Aspen Parklands provinces (2005b). Ecological Land Classification Program, Minnesota County Biological Survey, and Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul.
- Minnesota DNR [Minnesota Department of Natural Resources]. 2003. Field guide to the native plant communities of Minnesota: The Laurentian Mixed Forest Province. Ecological Land Classification Program, Minnesota County Biological Survey, and Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul.
- Mueller-Dombois, D. 1964. The forest habitat types in southeastern Manitoba and their application to forest management. Canadian Journal of Botany 42:1417-1444.
- ONHIC [Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre]. 2018. Unpublished data. Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario, Canada.
- Sims, R. A., W. D. Towill, K. A. Baldwin, and G. M. Wickware. 1989. Field guide to the forest ecosystem classification for northwestern Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto. 191 pp.
- Zoladeski, C. A., G. M. Wickware, R. J. Delorme, R. A. Sims, and I. G. W. Corns. 1995. Forest ecosystem classification for Manitoba: Field guide. Special Report 2. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Northwest Region, Northern Forestry Center, Edmonton, Alberta.