Print Report
CEGL006253 Pinus strobus - Pinus resinosa / Cornus canadensis Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Eastern White Pine - Red Pine / Bunchberry Dogwood Forest
Colloquial Name: White Pine - Red Pine Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This dry pine forest is scattered across northern New England, New York, and adjacent Canada on very well-drained, coarse-textured, acidic soils. Substrates include sand and gravel deposits on flats, such as outwash sands, delta sands, eskers, kames, kame terraces, and dry lake sands. They also occur on upper hillslopes and low ridges, with shallow-to-bedrock soils. The canopy closure is usually 70-90%; shrubs are sparse, and the herb and bryoid layers are patchy, with overall cover generally well under 20% and often virtually absent. Needle accumulation and dry conditions are factors in the limited understory growth. The canopy is dominated by Pinus strobus and Pinus resinosa, with scattered minor associates including Quercus rubra, Betula alleghaniensis, Abies balsamea, Picea rubens, Thuja occidentalis (near the coast), and Acer rubrum. Shrubs include Kalmia angustifolia, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides, Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Gaylussacia baccata, Amelanchier canadensis, and Acer pensylvanicum. Characteristic herbs include Pteridium aquilinum, Oryzopsis asperifolia, Mitchella repens, Maianthemum canadense, Gaultheria procumbens, Cornus canadensis, Trientalis borealis, and Clintonia borealis. Where mosses occur, typical species include Dicranum polysetum, Dicranum undulatum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Pleurozium schreberi, and Brachythecium spp. This community probably requires periodic fires for maintenance.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This association is less mesic and more dependent on fire when compared to ~Pinus strobus - Tsuga canadensis - Picea rubens Forest (CEGL006324)$$ and occurs farther north in a cooler climate than do mixed pine - oak forests or pitch pine woodland communities. Picea rubens, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides, Betula papyrifera, and Vaccinium myrtilloides differentiate this community from dry pine forests at lower latitudes. The nearly closed canopy and lack of a well-developed heath shrub layer distinguishes it from red pine woodlands, ~Pinus resinosa / Gaylussacia baccata - Vaccinium angustifolium Woodland (CEGL006010)$$.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The canopy closure is usually 70-90%; shrubs are sparse, and the herb and bryoid layers are patchy, with overall cover generally well under 20% and often virtually absent. Needle accumulation and dry conditions are factors in the limited understory growth. The canopy is dominated by Pinus strobus and Pinus resinosa, with scattered minor associates including Quercus rubra, Betula alleghaniensis, Abies balsamea, Picea rubens, Thuja occidentalis (near the coast), and Acer rubrum. Shrubs include Kalmia angustifolia, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides (= Viburnum cassinoides), Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium myrtilloides, Gaylussacia baccata, Amelanchier canadensis, and Acer pensylvanicum. Characteristic herbs include Pteridium aquilinum, Oryzopsis asperifolia, Mitchella repens, Maianthemum canadense, Gaultheria procumbens, Cornus canadensis, Trientalis borealis, and Clintonia borealis. Where mosses occur, typical species include Dicranum polysetum, Dicranum undulatum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Pleurozium schreberi, and Brachythecium spp.
Dynamics: This community probably requires periodic fires for maintenance.
Environmental Description: This dry pine forest is scattered across northern New England, New York, and adjacent Canada on very well-drained, coarse-textured, acidic soils. Substrates include sand and gravel deposits on flats, such as outwash sands, delta sands, eskers, kames, kame terraces, and dry lake sands. They also occur on upper hillslopes and low ridges, with shallow-to-bedrock soils.
Geographic Range: This dry pine forest occurs in northern New England and adjacent Canada.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: ME, NB, NH, NS?, NY, QC?, VT
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.686533
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNR
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.6 Eastern White Pine - Jack Pine - Northern Pin Oak Forest & Woodland Macrogroup | M159 | 1.B.2.Na.6 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.6.g <i>Pinus strobus - Pinus resinosa - Picea rubens</i> Forest & Woodland Group | G908 | 1.B.2.Na.6.g |
| Alliance | A4454 Jack Pine - Red Pine - Red Spruce Acadian-Appalachian Forest & Woodland Alliance | A4454 | 1.B.2.Na.6.g |
| Association | CEGL006253 Eastern White Pine - Red Pine / Bunchberry Dogwood Forest | CEGL006253 | 1.B.2.Na.6.g |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: ? Cornus - Maianthemum type (Heimburger 1934)
= Vaccinium - Gaultheria type (Heimburger 1934)
? Northern xeric forest (Curtis 1959)
< Red Pine: 15 (Eyre 1980)
= Vaccinium - Gaultheria type (Heimburger 1934)
? Northern xeric forest (Curtis 1959)
< Red Pine: 15 (Eyre 1980)
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