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CEGL003713 Quercus stellata - Carya carolinae-septentrionalis / Acer leucoderme / Piptochaetium avenaceum - Danthonia spicata Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Post Oak - Southern Shagbark Hickory / Chalk Maple / Blackseed Speargrass - Poverty Oatgrass Woodland
Colloquial Name: Piedmont Basic Hardpan Forest (Rocky Type)
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: Piedmont woodlands of dry, upland, montmorillonitic clay soils derived from mafic volcanic rocks. The canopy is dominated by Quercus stellata and Carya carolinae-septentrionalis with Ulmus alata, Fraxinus americana, Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Carya glabra, and Acer rubrum var. rubrum. Other characteristic tree species include Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, and Quercus montana. The sparse understory contains Cornus florida, Acer leucoderme, Crataegus uniflora, Crataegus marshallii, Cercis canadensis var. canadensis, Diospyros virginiana, Rosa carolina, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium arboreum, among other species. Characteristic species in the herbaceous layer include Piptochaetium avenaceum, Danthonia spicata, Galium circaezans, Gelsemium sempervirens, Scleria triglomerata, Smilax bona-nox, Smilax glauca, and Vitis rotundifolia.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: This association represents the "Basic Rocky Variant" type of Xeric Hardpan Forest. Another association, ~Quercus stellata - Quercus marilandica - Carya (carolinae-septentrionalis, glabra) / Schizachyrium scoparium Woodland (CEGL003714)$$, represents the "Basic Hardpan Variant" (Oakley et al. 1995). See also ~Quercus stellata - (Quercus marilandica) / Gaylussacia frondosa Acidic Hardpan Woodland (CEGL004413)$$, the "Acidic Hardpan Variant" of Piedmont Xeric Hardpan Forest. Former Quercus stellata - Carya carolinae-septentrionalis / Acer leucoderme / Piptochaetium avenaceum Forest (CEGL007274) was a related forest type which has been merged here (2001-02-06).
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The canopy is dominated by Quercus stellata and Carya carolinae-septentrionalis with Ulmus alata, Fraxinus americana, Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana, Carya glabra, and Acer rubrum var. rubrum. Other characteristic tree species include Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, and Quercus montana (= Quercus prinus). The sparse understory contains Cornus florida, Acer leucoderme, Crataegus uniflora, Crataegus marshallii, Cercis canadensis var. canadensis, Diospyros virginiana, Rosa carolina, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium arboreum, among other species. Characteristic species in the herbaceous layer include Piptochaetium avenaceum, Danthonia spicata, Galium circaezans, Gelsemium sempervirens, Scleria triglomerata, Smilax bona-nox, Smilax glauca, and Vitis rotundifolia. In addition, Prunus umbellata is characteristic of this community (Oakley et al. 1995).
Dynamics: Many of these sites now have a more-or-less closed canopy, but are assumed to have been more open. The natural fire frequency is not known but is certain to have been greater in the past (Schafale and Weakley 1990).
Environmental Description: Piedmont woodlands of dry, upland, montmorillonitic clay soils derived from mafic volcanic rocks. This association is found on thin, rocky soils, primarily on ridges in the western Uwharrie Mountains (Oakley et al. 1995).
Geographic Range: This type is restricted to the Piedmont of North Carolina and South Carolina.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: GA?, NC, SC?
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.685712
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G2
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.1 White Oak - Southern Red Oak - Shortleaf Pine Forest & Woodland Macrogroup | M016 | 1.B.2.Na.1 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.1.a White Oak - Southern Red Oak - Water Oak Forest Group | G165 | 1.B.2.Na.1.a |
| Alliance | A4434 Post Oak Hardpan Woodland Alliance | A4434 | 1.B.2.Na.1.a |
| Association | CEGL003713 Post Oak - Southern Shagbark Hickory / Chalk Maple / Blackseed Speargrass - Poverty Oatgrass Woodland | CEGL003713 | 1.B.2.Na.1.a |
Concept Lineage: included here
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Xeric Hardpan Forest, Basic Rocky Variant (Oakley et al. 1995)
- Nelson, J. B. 1986. The natural communities of South Carolina: Initial classification and description. South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries, Columbia, SC. 55 pp.
- Oakley, S. C., H. E. LeGrand, Jr., and M. P. Schafale. 1995. An inventory of mafic natural areas in the North Carolina Piedmont. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 252 pp.
- Peet, R. K., T. R. Wentworth, M. P. Schafale, and A.S. Weakley. No date. Unpublished data of the North Carolina Vegetation Survey. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.