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CEGL006000 Quercus rubra - Betula alleghaniensis / Osmunda cinnamomea Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Northern Red Oak - Yellow Birch / Cinnamon Fern Forest
Colloquial Name: Upland/Wetland Transitional Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This lower slope, wetland transitional forest of southern New England to New Jersey generally occurs immediately upslope from seasonally flooded acidic swamps or small drainages. It occurs on somewhat poorly drained mineral soils, with a soil moisture regime of moist to somewhat wet. The tree canopy is nearly closed, with tree height reflecting moisture availability. Dominant species include Acer rubrum, Betula alleghaniensis, Quercus rubra, and Quercus velutina. Occasionally Quercus alba, Quercus palustris, Fagus grandifolia, and Tsuga canadensis may occur. The shrub layer includes Hamamelis virginiana, Vaccinium corymbosum, Clethra alnifolia, Kalmia latifolia, and Lindera benzoin. The herbaceous layer is nearly continuous and dominated by Osmunda cinnamomea, Thelypteris noveboracensis, Arisaema triphyllum, and Uvularia sessilifolia.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: The lack of surface water and drier soil conditions during the growing season (relative to adjacent, seasonally flooded wetlands) make this forest suitable for species found more frequently in uplands.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The tree canopy is nearly closed, with tree height reflecting moisture availability. Dominant species include Acer rubrum, Betula alleghaniensis, Quercus rubra, and Quercus velutina. Occasionally Quercus alba, Quercus palustris, Fagus grandifolia, and Tsuga canadensis may occur. Liriodendron tulipifera is a common associate in the southern portion of the range. The shrub layer includes Hamamelis virginiana, Vaccinium corymbosum, Clethra alnifolia, Kalmia latifolia, and Lindera benzoin. The herbaceous layer is nearly continuous and dominated by Osmunda cinnamomea, Thelypteris noveboracensis, Arisaema triphyllum, and Uvularia sessilifolia. Impatiens capensis, Veratrum viride, and Symplocarpus foetidus may also occur where this vegetation grades into a wetland forest.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This vegetation occurs on lower slopes, generally adjacent to wetlands. Mineral soils are somewhat poorly drained and moist to somewhat wet sandy loams. The substrate is often rocky.
Geographic Range: The association ranges from New Jersey north to Maine and Quebec, Canada.
Nations: CA,US
States/Provinces: CT, MA, ME, NH, NJ, NY, QC?, RI
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.685683
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNR
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Na Eastern North American-Great Plains Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D011 | 1.B.3.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Na.2 Pin Oak - Green Ash - Blackgum Swamp Forest Macrogroup | M503 | 1.B.3.Na.2 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Na.2.h <i>Quercus bicolor - Fagus grandifolia - Acer rubrum</i> Swamp Forest Group | G918 | 1.B.3.Na.2.h |
| Alliance | A4461 <i>Acer rubrum - Fraxinus pennsylvanica</i> Northeast Alkaline Swamp Forest Alliance | A4461 | 1.B.3.Na.2.h |
| Association | CEGL006000 Northern Red Oak - Yellow Birch / Cinnamon Fern Forest | CEGL006000 | 1.B.3.Na.2.h |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Quercus rubra - Betula alleghaniensis / Osmunda cinnamomea community (Metzler and Barrett 2001)
< CNE mesic hardwood forest on acidic bedrock/till (Rawinski 1984a)
< Stream Thicket community (Ehrenfeld 1977)
< CNE mesic hardwood forest on acidic bedrock/till (Rawinski 1984a)
< Stream Thicket community (Ehrenfeld 1977)
- CDPNQ [Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec]. No date. Unpublished data. Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec, Québec.
- Damman, A. W. H., and B. Kershner. 1977. Floristic composition and topographical distribution of the forest communities of the gneiss areas of western Connecticut. Naturaliste Canadien 104:23-45.
- Eastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boston, MA.
- Edinger, G. J., A. L. Feldmann, T. G. Howard, J. J. Schmid, F. C. Sechler, E. Eastman, E. Largay, L. A. Sneddon, C. Lea, and J. Von Loh. 2014b. Vegetation inventory: Saratoga National Historical Park, New York. Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NETN/NRTR--2014/869, National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO.
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- Golet, F. C., A. J. K. Calhoun, W. R. DeRagon, D. J. Lowry, and A. J. Gold. 1993. Ecology of red maple swamps in the glaciated Northeast: A community profile. USDI Fish & Wildlife Service, Washington, DC. 151 pp.
- Largay, E. F., and L. A. Sneddon. 2017. Vegetation mapping and classification of Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area. Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR--2017/1529. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO.
- Metzler, K. J., and J. P. Barrett. 2001. Vegetation classification for Connecticut. Draft 5/21/2001. Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, Natural Resources Center, Natural Diversity Database, Hartford.
- Metzler, K., and J. Barrett. 2006. The vegetation of Connecticut: A preliminary classification. State Geological and Natural History Survey, Report of Investigations No. 12. Connecticut Natural Diversity Database, Hartford, CT.
- NRCS [Natural Resources Conservation Service]. 2004a. Soil survey of Saratoga County, New York. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. 590 pp.
- Rawinski, T. 1984a. Natural community description abstract - southern New England calcareous seepage swamp. Unpublished report. The Nature Conservancy, Boston, MA. 6 pp.
- Sneddon, L., R. E. Zaremba, E. Largay, G. Podniesinski, S. Perles, and J. Thompson. 2008. Vegetation classification and mapping of Morristown National Historical Park, New Jersey. Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR--2008/116. National Park Service, Philadelphia, PA. 162 pp. [http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/morr/morrrpt.pdf]
- Sperduto, D. D., and W. F. Nichols. 2004. Natural communities of New Hampshire: A guide and classification. New Hampshire Natural Heritage Bureau, DRED Division of Forests and Lands, Concord. 242 pp.