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CEGL007444 Acer rubrum var. trilobum - Liquidambar styraciflua - Magnolia tripetala / Osmunda regalis - (Cypripedium kentuckiense) Seep Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Carolina Red Maple - Sweetgum - Umbrella-tree / Royal Fern - (Southern Yellow Lady''s-slipper) Seep Forest
Colloquial Name: Ouachita Mountains Acidic Forested Seep
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: These forested acidic seeps of hillsides or streamheads are described here from the east-central Ouachita Mountains of Oklahoma and Arkansas. Canopy coverage can be moderately dense to quite open, and canopy composition is highly variable, but Acer rubrum var. trilobum, Nyssa sylvatica, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Quercus alba are common and typical. Other canopy species may include Fagus grandifolia and Magnolia tripetala. The subcanopy is often well-developed and characteristically includes Ilex opaca var. opaca, Magnolia tripetala, Carpinus caroliniana, and Ostrya virginiana. The shrub stratum may be well-developed or not and includes species such as Alnus serrulata, Cornus obliqua, Vaccinium fuscatum, Vaccinium virgatum, Rhododendron oblongifolium, and Euonymus americanus. Herbaceous composition varies with geography, and the herbaceous stratum can be dense or patchy. Some characteristic and locally dominant species include Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis, Osmunda cinnamomea, Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides, Impatiens capensis, Juncus coriaceus, and Packera aurea. Other typical herbaceous species include Arnoglossum plantagineum, Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides, Boehmeria cylindrica, Callitriche heterophylla, Carex atlantica, Carex bromoides ssp. bromoides, Carex intumescens, Carex leptalea, Carex oxylepis, Carex radiata, Chasmanthium laxum, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Cinna arundinacea, Cypripedium kentuckiense, Glyceria striata, Impatiens capensis, Juncus effusus, Leersia virginica, Lobelia cardinalis, Phegopteris hexagonoptera, Platanthera ciliaris, Platanthera clavellata, Rudbeckia fulgida var. umbrosa, Solidago rugosa, and Thelypteris noveboracensis. Sphagnum spp. are usually present and are common in some occurrences.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Nominal species are thought to be dominant in this forest, but other species may better describe this concept. These forests grade into drier upland forests with Quercus alba, Carya tomentosa, and Pinus echinata and into Liquidambar styraciflua forests on broader bottomlands. Examples are known from areas near Broken Bow Reservoir in McCurtain County Wilderness, Oklahoma. This type is physiognomically and compositionally similar to forested acid seeps in the Appalachian Plateau, but lacks abundant, evergreen ericads and is less sphagnous. An Ozarkian variant on sandstone has been defined, ~Acer rubrum var. trilobum - Nyssa sylvatica / Rhexia mariana var. interior Seep Forest (CEGL007822)$$, which is less species-rich and may be associated with more acidic substrates.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: Canopy composition of stands of this association is highly variable, but Acer rubrum var. trilobum, Nyssa sylvatica, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Quercus alba are common and typical. Other canopy species may include Fagus grandifolia and Magnolia tripetala. Canopy coverage can be moderately dense to quite open. The subcanopy is often well-developed and characteristically includes Ilex opaca var. opaca, Magnolia tripetala, Carpinus caroliniana, and Ostrya virginiana. The shrub stratum may be well-developed or not and includes species such as Alnus serrulata, Cornus obliqua (= Cornus amomum ssp. obliqua), Vaccinium fuscatum, Vaccinium virgatum, Rhododendron oblongifolium, and Euonymus americanus. The herbaceous stratum can be dense or patchy; characteristic and locally dominant species include Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis, Osmunda cinnamomea, Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides, Impatiens capensis, Juncus coriaceus, and Packera aurea (= Senecio aureus). Other typical herbaceous species include Arnoglossum plantagineum, Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides, Boehmeria cylindrica, Callitriche heterophylla, Carex atlantica, Carex bromoides ssp. bromoides, Carex intumescens, Carex leptalea, Carex oxylepis, Carex radiata, Chasmanthium laxum, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Cinna arundinacea, Cypripedium kentuckiense, Glyceria striata, Impatiens capensis, Juncus effusus, Leersia virginica, Lobelia cardinalis, Phegopteris hexagonoptera, Platanthera ciliaris, Platanthera clavellata, Rudbeckia fulgida var. umbrosa, Solidago rugosa, and Thelypteris noveboracensis. Sphagnum spp. are usually present and are common in some occurrences. Herbaceous composition varies with geography. This community provides habitat for many rare plant species. Variants of this community on more calcareous substrates may include species such as Lindera benzoin, Asimina triloba, Quercus shumardii, Cardamine bulbosa, Parnassia grandifolia, Pedicularis lanceolata, Juglans nigra, and lack other species, such as Vaccinium fuscatum, Vaccinium simulatum, Rhododendron oblongifolium, and Woodwardia areolata. This ''subcalcareous variant'' may warrant recognition as a separate type, but more information is needed.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: These forested seeps occur along the bottom slopes of smaller valleys where rock fractures allow water to seep out of the mountainsides and in the riparian zones of larger creeks, sometimes extending upslope along small ephemeral drainages. Many are less than one hectare in area, but riparian seeps are often much larger. The soil remains saturated to very moist throughout the year.
Geographic Range: This type is described from the east-central Ouachita Mountains of Oklahoma and Arkansas.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AR, OK
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.685452
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3?
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Na Eastern North American-Great Plains Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D011 | 1.B.3.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Na.2 Pin Oak - Green Ash - Blackgum Swamp Forest Macrogroup | M503 | 1.B.3.Na.2 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Na.2.a Red Maple - Blackgum - Sweetgum Seepage Forest Group | G044 | 1.B.3.Na.2.a |
| Alliance | A3359 Red Maple - Blackgum Ozark-Interior Seepage Forest Alliance | A3359 | 1.B.3.Na.2.a |
| Association | CEGL007444 Carolina Red Maple - Sweetgum - Umbrella-tree / Royal Fern - (Southern Yellow Lady''s-slipper) Seep Forest | CEGL007444 | 1.B.3.Na.2.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Nyssa sylvatica / Magnolia tripetala - Acer rubrum / Smilax rotundifolia / Osmunda cinnamomea - Athyrium filix-femina var. asplenioides - Brachyelytrum erectum var. erectum - Bartonia paniculata var. paniculata / Sphagnum spp. Semi-permanently Saturated Wooded Seep (Smith et al. 2000)
< IIA9a. Forested Mountain Seep (Allard 1990)
< IIA9a. Forested Mountain Seep (Allard 1990)
- Allard, D. J. 1990. Southeastern United States ecological community classification. Interim report, Version 1.2. The Nature Conservancy, Southeast Regional Office, Chapel Hill, NC. 96 pp.
- Campbell, J. J. N., S. Walker, and D. Zollner. 1996. Technical assessment to: An ecological assessment of forest lands in Arkansas and Oklahoma proposed for inclusion into the Ouachita National Forest and Cossatot National Wildlife Refuge. Unpublished report by The Nature Conservancy. 114 pp.
- Campbell, Julian J. N. Personal communication. Kentucky Field Office, The Nature Conservancy.
- Hoagland, B. 2000. The vegetation of Oklahoma: A classification for landscape mapping and conservation planning. The Southwestern Naturalist 45(4):385-420.
- Hoagland, B. W., L. R. Sorrels, and S. M. Glenn. 1996. Woody species composition of floodplain forests of the Little River, McCurtain and LeFlore counties, Oklahoma. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science 76:23-26.
- Orzell, S., B. Pell, and G. Tucker. 1985. Notes on three palustrine natural community types in the Arkansas Ozarks. Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings 39:141-143.
- Smith, S., D. Zollner, and S. Simon. 2000. Reassessment of Roaring Branch Research Natural Area. Unpublished technical report. The Nature Conservancy, Arkansas Field Office, Little Rock.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.