Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available

Floristics: This forest type is characterized by a well-developed tree canopy codominated by Acer rubrum and Fraxinus pennsylvanica in variable proportions. Other canopy associates may include Nyssa sylvatica, Quercus phellos, Quercus lyrata, Ulmus americana, and Populus heterophylla. At the southern end of the range, Nyssa biflora and Taxodium distichum may be minor associates. The shrub layer is of variable cover but usually not dense. The most common species are Lindera benzoin, Eubotrys racemosa (= Leucothoe racemosa), Vaccinium corymbosum, Ilex verticillata, Carpinus caroliniana, Rosa palustris, and Viburnum dentatum. Other shrub associates may include Rhododendron viscosum, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Alnus serrulata, and Cornus amomum. The herb layer is diverse and generally characterized by abundant Saururus cernuus, typically in hollows. Other associates are many and varied but generally include Peltandra virginica, Impatiens capensis, Pontederia cordata, Boehmeria cylindrica, Glyceria spp., Cinna arundinacea, Bidens connata, Thelypteris palustris, Onoclea sensibilis, Osmunda regalis, Carex stricta, Carex lurida, Carex crinita, Triadenum walteri, Lobelia cardinalis, Lycopus virginicus, Pilea pumila, Carex tribuloides, Polygonum punctatum, Polygonum arifolium, Cicuta maculata, Leersia oryzoides, Galium obtusum, Commelina virginica, and others. Vines may include Toxicodendron radicans, Smilax rotundifolia, Campsis radicans, and Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Mosses are generally sparse to absent, except on logs and tree bases above the high-water line.

Dynamics:  No Data Available