Print Report
CEGL006189 Chamaecyparis thyoides - (Tsuga canadensis, Betula alleghaniensis) / Clethra alnifolia Swamp Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Atlantic White-cedar - (Eastern Hemlock, Yellow Birch) / Coastal Sweet-pepperbush Swamp Forest
Colloquial Name: Inland Atlantic White-cedar Swamp Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: An Atlantic white-cedar swamp that occurs on peat in poorly drained depressions of southern New England and the Hudson Highlands of New York. The canopy can be variable; it can be solely dominated by Chamaecyparis thyoides or mixed with Acer rubrum, Betula alleghaniensis, Tsuga canadensis, Pinus strobus, and occasionally Nyssa sylvatica. The shrub layer is diverse with Ilex verticillata, Vaccinium corymbosum, Ilex laevigata, Rhododendron viscosum, Kalmia latifolia, Lyonia ligustrina, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides, and Clethra alnifolia common. Herbaceous cover is inversely proportional to canopy and shrub cover and commonly includes Osmunda cinnamomea, Osmunda claytoniana, Osmunda regalis, Symplocarpus foetidus, Calla palustris, Trientalis borealis, Aralia nudicaulis, Coptis trifolia, Mitchella repens, Carex folliculata, Carex trisperma, and occasionally Carex intumescens and Carex stricta. The nonvascular layer is usually well-developed and includes abundant Sphagnum including Sphagnum angustifolium, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum fimbriatum, Sphagnum magellanicum, Thuidium delicatulum, Hypnum imponens, and Pallavicinia lyellii. Localized seepage in these basins may be expressed with indicators such as Lindera benzoin and Geum rivale.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The canopy can be variable; it can be solely dominated by Chamaecyparis thyoides or mixed with Acer rubrum, Betula alleghaniensis, Tsuga canadensis, Pinus strobus, and occasionally Nyssa sylvatica. The shrub layer is diverse with Ilex verticillata, Vaccinium corymbosum, Ilex laevigata, Rhododendron viscosum, Kalmia latifolia, Lyonia ligustrina, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides, and Clethra alnifolia common. Herbaceous cover is inversely proportional to canopy and shrub cover and commonly includes Osmunda cinnamomea, Osmunda claytoniana, Osmunda regalis, Symplocarpus foetidus, Calla palustris, Trientalis borealis, Aralia nudicaulis, Coptis trifolia, Mitchella repens, Carex folliculata, Carex trisperma, and occasionally Carex intumescens and Carex stricta. The nonvascular layer is usually well-developed and includes abundant Sphagnum including Sphagnum angustifolium, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum fimbriatum, Sphagnum magellanicum, Thuidium delicatulum, Hypnum imponens, and Pallavicinia lyellii. Localized seepage in these basins may be expressed with indicators such as Lindera benzoin and Geum rivale.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This association occurs on peat in poorly drained depressions underlain by various glacial deposits such as sand and gravel outwash, glacial lake sediments, or till. It occurs across a relatively wide elevational range, from approximately 40-1100 m. There is typically standing water from surface water movement or seepage for a significant portion of the growing season. Water and soil are nutrient-poor, acidic, and high in iron.
Geographic Range: This association occurs from New Hampshire to New York.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: CT, MA, NH, NJ, NY, RI
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.684553
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Nb Southeastern North American Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D062 | 1.B.3.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Nb.3 Sweetbay - Swamp Bay - Pond Pine Swamp Forest Macrogroup | M032 | 1.B.3.Nb.3 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Nb.3.b Atlantic White-cedar - Pitch Pine Swamp Group | G039 | 1.B.3.Nb.3.b |
| Alliance | A3400 Atlantic White-cedar Northern Peat Swamp Forest Alliance | A3400 | 1.B.3.Nb.3.b |
| Association | CEGL006189 Atlantic White-cedar - (Eastern Hemlock, Yellow Birch) / Coastal Sweet-pepperbush Swamp Forest | CEGL006189 | 1.B.3.Nb.3.b |
Concept Lineage: merged
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Chamaecyparis - Betula alleghaniensis / Clethra (Type 2) (Sperduto and Crowley 2002b)
< Inland Atlantic White Cedar Swamp (Breden 1989)
= Mixed hemlock-Atlantic white cedar-red maple-yellow birch type (Motzkin 1991)
? SNE basin swamp, coastal Atlantic white cedar association (Rawinski 1984a)
< Inland Atlantic White Cedar Swamp (Breden 1989)
= Mixed hemlock-Atlantic white cedar-red maple-yellow birch type (Motzkin 1991)
? SNE basin swamp, coastal Atlantic white cedar association (Rawinski 1984a)
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- Breden, T. F., Y. R. Alger, K. S. Walz, and A. G. Windisch. 2001. Classification of vegetation communities of New Jersey: Second iteration. Association for Biodiversity Information and New Jersey Natural Heritage Program, Office of Natural Lands Management, Division of Parks and Forestry, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Trenton.
- Eastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boston, MA.
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- Metzler, K. J. 1997. Identification and protection of globally significant and imperiled wetland communities in Connecticut, Atlantic white cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides) swamps. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, State Wetland Protection Development Grant.
- Metzler, K., and J. Barrett. 2006. The vegetation of Connecticut: A preliminary classification. State Geological and Natural History Survey, Report of Investigations No. 12. Connecticut Natural Diversity Database, Hartford, CT.
- Motzkin, G. 1991. Atlantic white cedar wetlands of Massachusetts. Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Massachusetts. Research Bulletin 731. 53 pp.
- Rawinski, T. 1984a. Natural community description abstract - southern New England calcareous seepage swamp. Unpublished report. The Nature Conservancy, Boston, MA. 6 pp.
- Reschke, C. 1990. Ecological communities of New York State. New York Natural Heritage Program, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Latham, NY. 96 pp.
- Sperduto, D. A., and K. F. Crowley. 2002b. Atlantic white cedar in New England: Analysis and proposed classification. New Hampshire Natural Heritage Inventory. DRED Division of Forests & Lands and The Nature Conservancy, Concord, NH.
- Sperduto, D. D., and N. Ritter. 1994. Atlantic cedar wetlands of New Hampshire. Environmental Protection Agency, Boston, MA.
- Sperduto, D. D., and W. F. Nichols. 2004. Natural communities of New Hampshire: A guide and classification. New Hampshire Natural Heritage Bureau, DRED Division of Forests and Lands, Concord. 242 pp.
- Swain, P. C., and J. B. Kearsley. 2014. Classification of the natural communities of Massachusetts. Version 2.0. Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program, Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. Westborough, MA. [http://www.mass.gov/nhesp/http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/dfg/dfw/natural-heritage/natural-communities/classification-of-natural-communities.html]