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CEGL002140 Quercus macrocarpa - Quercus bicolor - (Celtis occidentalis) Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Bur Oak - Swamp White Oak - (Common Hackberry) Woodland
Colloquial Name: Bur Oak Bottomland Woodland
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This bur oak - swamp white oak woodland community is found in the midwestern United States. Stands occur on river floodplain terraces. Soils associated with this type are silt loam, with neutral pH. The soil profile has a black A horizon to 95 cm deep, is high in organic matter, has moderate permeability, and is very high in available water capacity. This community contains large-diameter stems (>90 cm dbh) of Quercus macrocarpa, with scattered Quercus bicolor and Celtis occidentalis. Lower terraces of this community can contain subdominants such as Gleditsia triacanthos, Platanus occidentalis, and Ulmus americana, while higher terraces can contain subdominants such as Juglans nigra, Ulmus americana, and Ulmus rubra. Euonymus atropurpureus is a common understory shrub. The ground layer is dominated by Elymus virginicus and Laportea canadensis.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: In Wisconsin several examples have recently been found, but grazing has influenced their current composition and structure. Missouri recommends that the name be changed to Quercus macrocarpa - Quercus bicolor - Quercus palustris / Carex spp. Woodland. Compare with ~Quercus bicolor - (Quercus macrocarpa, Quercus stellata) Woodland (CEGL005181)$$ and ~Quercus palustris - Quercus bicolor - (Liquidambar styraciflua) Swamp Forest (CEGL002432)$$. In Missouri, their wet-mesic bottomland savanna may be treated as a phase of their wet-mesic bottomland forest (M. Leahy pers. comm. 1999).
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This community contains large-diameter stems of Quercus macrocarpa (>90 cm dbh) with scattered Quercus bicolor. Celtis occidentalis is much more common in the smaller size classes. Lower terraces of this community can contain subdominants such as Gleditsia triacanthos, Platanus occidentalis, and Ulmus americana, while higher terraces can contain subdominants such as Juglans nigra, Ulmus americana, and Ulmus rubra. Euonymus atropurpureus is a common understory shrub. The ground layer is dominated by Elymus virginicus and Laportea canadensis (McClain et al. 1993).
Dynamics: Information is needed on the frequency of flooding in this type.
Environmental Description: This community occurs on river floodplain terraces. Soils associated with this type are silt loam, with neutral pH. The soil profile has a black A horizon to 95 cm deep, is high in organic matter, has moderate permeability, and is very high in available water capacity (McClain et al. 1993).
Geographic Range: This bur oak - swamp white oak woodland community is found in the midwestern United States.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: IL, MO, WI
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.684332
Confidence Level: Low - Poorly Documented
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G1
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Na Eastern North American-Great Plains Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D011 | 1.B.3.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Na.1 Silver Maple - American Sycamore - Hackberry species Floodplain Forest Macrogroup | M029 | 1.B.3.Na.1 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Na.1.a Silver Maple - Green Ash - American Sycamore Floodplain Forest Group | G652 | 1.B.3.Na.1.a |
| Alliance | A3713 Green Ash - American Basswood - oak spp. Mesic Floodplain Alliance | A3713 | 1.B.3.Na.1.a |
| Association | CEGL002140 Bur Oak - Swamp White Oak - (Common Hackberry) Woodland | CEGL002140 | 1.B.3.Na.1.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: = Quercus macrocarpa - Quercus bicolor - (Celtis occidentalis) Woodland (Faber-Langendoen 2001) [Southern Mesic Woodland Bur Oak-Swamp White Oak Subtype]
- Faber-Langendoen, D., editor. 2001. Plant communities of the Midwest: Classification in an ecological context. Association for Biodiversity Information, Arlington, VA. 61 pp. plus appendix (705 pp.).
- McClain, W. E., M. A. Jenkins, S. E. Jenkins, and J. E. Ebinger. 1993. Changes in the woody vegetation of a bur oak savanna remnant in central Illinois. Natural Areas Journal 13:108-114.
- Midwestern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Minneapolis, MN.
- Nelson, P. 2010. The terrestrial natural communities of Missouri. Revised edition. Missouri Natural Areas Committee, Department of Natural Resources and the Department of Conservation, Jefferson City.
- WDNR [Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources]. 2015. The ecological landscapes of Wisconsin: An assessment of ecological resources and a guide to planning sustainable management. PUB-SS-1131 2015. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison. [http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/landscapes/Book.html]
- White, J., and M. Madany. 1978. Classification of natural communities in Illinois. Pages 311-405 in: Natural Areas Inventory technical report: Volume I, survey methods and results. Illinois Natural Areas Inventory, Urbana, IL.