Print Report
CEGL003667 Pinus rigida / Toxicodendron vernix / Gaylussacia baccata / Symplocarpus foetidus Seep Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Pitch Pine / Poison-sumac / Black Huckleberry / Skunk-cabbage Seep Woodland
Colloquial Name: Southern Appalachian Pitch Pine Seep Woodland
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This type is restricted in range to the Southern Blue Ridge, primarily in North Carolina but reportedly in Georgia. Stands of this association occur in wetlands on creek floodplains, usually at the base of upland slopes or in depressions that are isolated from the creek. Occasional flooding may occur, but upland seepage and rainfall are the main water sources. The presence of an open canopy of Pinus rigida and Acer rubrum is typical. A well-developed shrub layer is typically dominated by Alnus serrulata, Vaccinium fuscatum, Kalmia carolina, Kalmia latifolia, Spiraea alba, Gaylussacia baccata, Toxicodendron vernix, or Salix sericea. In addition, Symplocarpus foetidus is a dominant or abundant herb. Vaccinium macrocarpon and dense patches of Sphagnum spp. may dominate the ground layer. Other typical and common species include Osmunda cinnamomea, Rubus hispidus, Carex folliculata, Carex atlantica, and Carex stricta. Sizable areas of bare mud or shallow water may also be present.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Example is Skunk Cabbage Bog, Allegheny County, North Carolina. Judging from place names, this type was apparently once more common in the northern portion of the Southern Blue Ridge.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The presence of an open canopy of Pinus rigida and Acer rubrum is typical. A well-developed shrub layer is typically dominated by Alnus serrulata, Vaccinium fuscatum (= Vaccinium atrococcum), Kalmia carolina, Kalmia latifolia, Spiraea alba, Gaylussacia baccata, Toxicodendron vernix, or Salix sericea. In addition, Symplocarpus foetidus is a dominant or abundant herb. Vaccinium macrocarpon and dense patches of Sphagnum spp. may dominate the ground layer. Other typical and common species include Osmunda cinnamomea, Rubus hispidus, Carex folliculata, Carex atlantica, and Carex stricta. In addition, Lilium grayi, Veratrum virginicum (= Melanthium virginicum), Chelone sp., and Juncus effusus may be present (NCNHP unpubl. data).
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: The primary typical habitat of this association is wetlands on creek floodplains, usually at the base of upland slopes or in depressions that are isolated from the creek. Occasional flooding may occur, but upland seepage and rainfall are the main water sources.
Geographic Range: This type is restricted in range to the Southern Blue Ridge, primarily in North Carolina but reportedly in Georgia.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: GA, NC
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.683826
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G1
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Na Eastern North American-Great Plains Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D011 | 1.B.3.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Na.2 Pin Oak - Green Ash - Blackgum Swamp Forest Macrogroup | M503 | 1.B.3.Na.2 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Na.2.a Red Maple - Blackgum - Sweetgum Seepage Forest Group | G044 | 1.B.3.Na.2.a |
| Alliance | A3358 Red Maple / Hazel Alder - Common Winterberry Appalachian-Piedmont Seepage Forest Alliance | A3358 | 1.B.3.Na.2.a |
| Association | CEGL003667 Pitch Pine / Poison-sumac / Black Huckleberry / Skunk-cabbage Seep Woodland | CEGL003667 | 1.B.3.Na.2.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: < Bog Forest (Wichmann et al. 2007)
>< High Elevation Saturated Forest (Wichmann 2009)
< IIE1a. Southern Appalachian Bog Complex (Allard 1990)
>< Low Elevation Saturated Forest (Wichmann 2009)
>< High Elevation Saturated Forest (Wichmann 2009)
< IIE1a. Southern Appalachian Bog Complex (Allard 1990)
>< Low Elevation Saturated Forest (Wichmann 2009)
- Allard, D. J. 1990. Southeastern United States ecological community classification. Interim report, Version 1.2. The Nature Conservancy, Southeast Regional Office, Chapel Hill, NC. 96 pp.
- Peet, R. K., T. R. Wentworth, M. P. Schafale, and A.S. Weakley. No date. Unpublished data of the North Carolina Vegetation Survey. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
- Wichmann, B. 2009. Vegetation of geographically isolated montane non-alluvial wetlands of the Southern Blue Ridge of North Carolina. Masters thesis, North Carolina State, Raleigh. [http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05152009-120239/unrestricted/etd.pdf]
- Wichmann, B., R. K. Peet, and T. R. Wentworth. 2007. Natural vegetation of the Carolinas: Classification and description of montane non-alluvial wetlands of the Southern Appalachian region. A report prepared for the Ecosystem Enhancement Program, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources in partial fulfillments of contract D07042. Carolina Vegetation Survey, Curriculum in Ecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.