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CEGL007356 Quercus pagoda - Quercus phellos - Quercus lyrata - Quercus michauxii / Chasmanthium latifolium Swamp Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Cherrybark Oak - Willow Oak - Overcup Oak - Swamp Chestnut Oak / Indian Woodoats Swamp Forest
Colloquial Name: Piedmont Triassic Basin Oak Bottomland Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This association covers Piedmont bottomland forests which occur in broad, flat floodplains of Triassic basins of North Carolina and possibly South Carolina. The diverse canopy is characteristic, composed of species which often are normally sorted out along a hydrologic gradient in the larger floodplains of the Coastal Plain. The canopy is dominated by Quercus pagoda, Quercus phellos, Quercus michauxii, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Celtis laevigata, and Ulmus americana, with lesser amounts of Quercus shumardii, Quercus palustris, Acer floridanum, Carya ovalis, Carya cordiformis, and Pinus taeda. In addition, Quercus lyrata is present in abandoned sloughs and oxbows, which are inclusions in this association. Subcanopy trees are Ilex decidua, Carpinus caroliniana, Aesculus sylvatica, Asimina triloba, and Acer floridanum. Shrubs and woody vines are Lindera benzoin, Bignonia capreolata, Toxicodendron radicans, Smilax rotundifolia, and others. The herb stratum includes Chasmanthium latifolium, Carex spp., Arisaema triphyllum, Cardamine concatenata, Claytonia virginica, Geranium maculatum, Erythronium americanum, Lysimachia ciliata, and others.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: As defined, this Piedmont type would be largely restricted to the Triassic Basin (Southern Triassic Basins Subsection 231Ao), as Quercus pagoda is rarely found outside of the Coastal Plain. In contrast to the floodplains of the adjacent Slate Belts (231Ae, 231Af), those in the Triassic basins are broader and flatter, showing some Coastal Plain influence as demonstrated by the presence of Quercus pagoda. The name of this association may need revision; the distinctions (floristic and nomenclatural) between this type and more common Coastal Plain bottomland associations need further verification. It occurs in the Piedmont instead of the Coastal Plain. In Virginia, related vegetation is treated as ~Quercus phellos - Quercus (palustris, lyrata) / Ilex decidua / Carex typhina Floodplain Forest (CEGL006498)$$.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The canopy of stands of this association is typically dominated by Quercus pagoda, Quercus phellos, Quercus michauxii, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Celtis laevigata, and Ulmus americana, with lesser amounts of Quercus shumardii, Quercus palustris, Acer floridanum (= Acer barbatum), Carya ovalis, Carya cordiformis, and Pinus taeda. In addition, Quercus lyrata is present in abandoned sloughs and oxbows, which are inclusions in this association. Subcanopy trees are Ilex decidua, Carpinus caroliniana, Aesculus sylvatica, Asimina triloba, and Acer floridanum. Shrubs and woody vines are Lindera benzoin, Bignonia capreolata, Toxicodendron radicans, Smilax rotundifolia, and others. The herb stratum includes Chasmanthium latifolium, Carex spp., (which are abundant and diverse, including Carex debilis, Carex intumescens, Carex lupulina, Carex squarrosa, Carex stipata, Carex tribuloides, Carex typhina, etc.) Arisaema triphyllum, Cardamine concatenata, Claytonia virginica, Geranium maculatum, Erythronium americanum, Lysimachia ciliata, Zephyranthes atamasca, and others. Ferns include Onoclea sensibilis, Osmunda cinnamomea, Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis, and Woodwardia areolata. The exotic species Lonicera japonica, Ligustrum sinense, and Microstegium vimineum may invade stands of this association.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: Stands of this bottomland association occur in broad, flat floodplains of Triassic basins in the Piedmont of North Carolina. In contrast to the floodplains of the adjacent Slate Belts (231Ae, 231Af), those in the Triassic basins are broader and flatter, showing some Coastal Plain influence as demonstrated by the presence of Quercus pagoda.
Geographic Range: This bottomland forest occurs in broad, flat floodplains of Triassic basins of North Carolina and possibly South Carolina.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: NC, SC?
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.683704
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G2?
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.3 Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest Formation | F026 | 1.B.3 |
| Division | 1.B.3.Nb Southeastern North American Flooded & Swamp Forest Division | D062 | 1.B.3.Nb |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.3.Nb.4 Swamp Chestnut Oak - Bald-cypress - Pecan Southern Floodplain Forest Macrogroup | M031 | 1.B.3.Nb.4 |
| Group | 1.B.3.Nb.4.a Swamp Chestnut Oak - Laurel Oak - Sweetgum Floodplain Forest Group | G034 | 1.B.3.Nb.4.a |
| Alliance | A3633 Willow Oak Piedmont Floodplain Forest Alliance | A3633 | 1.B.3.Nb.4.a |
| Association | CEGL007356 Cherrybark Oak - Willow Oak - Overcup Oak - Swamp Chestnut Oak / Indian Woodoats Swamp Forest | CEGL007356 | 1.B.3.Nb.4.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: No Data Available
- LeGrand, H. E., Jr. 1999. B. Everett Jordan Lake Project: Inventory for rare, threatened, and endangered species and natural community inventory. Unpublished report for U. S. Army Corps of Engineers - Wilmington District, Natural Resource Management Section. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks and Recreation, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC. 408 pp.
- Nelson, J. B. 1986. The natural communities of South Carolina: Initial classification and description. South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries, Columbia, SC. 55 pp.
- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.