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CEGL004788 Quercus hemisphaerica - Magnolia grandiflora - Carya pallida / Vaccinium arboreum / Chasmanthium sessiliflorum Forest
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Darlington Oak - Southern Magnolia - Sand Hickory / Farkleberry / Longleaf Woodoats Forest
Colloquial Name: Darlington Oak - Mixed Hardwood Upland Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This association represents upland forests with diverse overstory composition found in fire-protected areas of the Coastal Plain of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, and possibly adjacent areas. Stands have been documented on gentle slopes on stream and river bluffs and near sinkholes. A number of different species may be encountered in the overstory of these stands; Quercus hemisphaerica is possibly the most constant and differential species. Other tree species may include Pinus taeda, Magnolia grandiflora, Carya glabra, Carya pallida, and Quercus nigra. In addition, Quercus hemisphaerica is common in all strata. Typical shrubs and small trees include Persea borbonia, Persea palustris, Symplocos tinctoria, and Vaccinium arboreum. Common shrubs are Vaccinium arboreum, Vaccinium stamineum, and Serenoa repens. Typical herbs include Chasmanthium laxum, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Mitchella repens, Elephantopus elatus, and Dichanthelium commutatum.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: Stands of this association are often dominated by Quercus hemisphaerica, but a number of other species may be present in the diverse canopy, including Pinus taeda, Magnolia grandiflora, Carya tomentosa (= Carya alba), Carya pallida, Carya glabra, Liquidambar styraciflua, Pinus glabra, and Quercus nigra (NatureServe Ecology unpubl. data). In addition, Quercus hemisphaerica is common in all strata. Typical shrubs and small trees include Persea borbonia, Persea palustris, Symplocos tinctoria, and Vaccinium arboreum. Common shrubs are Vaccinium arboreum, Vaccinium stamineum, and Serenoa repens. Typical herbs include Chasmanthium laxum, Chasmanthium sessiliflorum, Mitchella repens, Elephantopus elatus, and Dichanthelium commutatum. Some additional species in this association at Apalachicola National Forest are Quercus alba, Ilex opaca, Cornus florida, Osmanthus americanus, Asimina parviflora, Hamamelis virginiana, Sabal palmetto, Ilex vomitoria, Vaccinium elliottii, Smilax pumila, Ostrya virginiana, Aristolochia serpentaria, and Morus rubra (NatureServe Ecology unpubl. data). At Little Ocmulgee State Park, Georgia, the canopy is dominated by a nearly even mixture of Quercus hemisphaerica and Carya pallida but also includes Quercus alba, Nyssa sylvatica, Magnolia grandiflora, and Pinus taeda. The shrub and understory strata are generally well-developed and somewhat dense, including Osmanthus americanus, Ostrya virginiana, Vaccinium arboreum, Hamamelis virginiana, Ilex opaca, Asimina parviflora, Gaylussacia frondosa, Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium pallidum, Hypericum hypericoides, Lyonia mariana, and Vaccinium tenellum. The herbaceous layer is very poorly developed in large part due to the dense, primarily evergreen canopy that reduces light resources for these plants. Smilax pumila, Mitchella repens, and Vitis rotundifolia are the only frequently encountered herbaceous or vine species occurring within this community type.
Dynamics: This community is in sites which are naturally protected from fire.
Environmental Description: This association covers slope forests associated with stream bluffs and related habitats in the Coastal Plain of Georgia and Florida. This community is associated with sand ridges along major rivers and on slopes along small streams. It is often found in intermediate positions on upper slopes between upland communities characterized by Pinus palustris and lower slope communities dominated by mesic hardwood forests. At Little Ocmulgee State Park, Georgia, this forest occurs downslope and in slightly more protected sites than the exposed sandhills habitat (T. Govus pers. comm.).
Geographic Range: This association is found in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, and it may occur in Alabama.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: AL?, FL, GA, SC
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.683553
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G3G4
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.1 Warm Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F018 | 1.B.1 |
| Division | 1.B.1.Na Southeastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D006 | 1.B.1.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.1.Na.2 Live Oak - Texas Live Oak - Darlington Oak Forest Macrogroup | M885 | 1.B.1.Na.2 |
| Group | 1.B.1.Na.2.a Live Oak - Pignut Hickory - Cabbage Palmetto Coastal Forest Group | G798 | 1.B.1.Na.2.a |
| Alliance | A0372 Darlington Oak - Pignut Hickory - Southern Magnolia Forest Alliance | A0372 | 1.B.1.Na.2.a |
| Association | CEGL004788 Darlington Oak - Southern Magnolia - Sand Hickory / Farkleberry / Longleaf Woodoats Forest | CEGL004788 | 1.B.1.Na.2.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: ? Laurel Oak - Sand Hickory Dry Forest (Govus pers. comm.)
- Chafin, L. 2011. Georgia''s natural communities and associated rare plant and animal species: Thumbnail accounts. Based on "Guide to the Natural Communities of Georgia," by Edwards et al. 2013. University of Georgia Press. Georgia Nongame Conservation Section, Wildlife Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources. 125 pp.
- FNAI [Florida Natural Areas Inventory]. 2010a. Guide to the natural communities of Florida: 2010 edition. Florida Natural Areas Inventory, Tallahassee, FL. 228 pp. [https://fnai.org/naturalcommguide.cfm]
- GNHP [Georgia Natural Heritage Program]. 2018. Unpublished data. Georgia Natural Heritage Program, Wildlife Resources Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Social Circle.
- Govus, Tom. Personal communication. Ecologist. Ellijay, GA.
- Hillestad, H. O., J. R. Bozeman, A. S. Johnson, C. W. Berisford, and J. I. Richardson. 1975. The ecology of the Cumberland Island National Seashore, Camden County, Georgia. Technical Report Series No. 75-5. Georgia Marine Sciences Center, Skidway Island, GA.
- McManamay, R. H. 2017a. Vegetation mapping at Cumberland Island National Seashore. Natural Resource Report NPS/SECN/NRR--2017/1511. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. 422 pp.
- NatureServe Ecology - Southeastern United States. No date. Unpublished data. NatureServe, Durham, NC.
- SCWMRD [South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department]. 2018. Unpublished data. South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, Columbia.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.