Print Report
CEGL006378 Quercus velutina / Ilex opaca Forest
Type Concept Sentence: This coastal oak / holly forest occurs from Massachusetts discontinuously to Delaware inland, sheltered from direct maritime influences of salt spray, wind, and storms.
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Black Oak / American Holly Forest
Colloquial Name: North Atlantic Coastal Oak / Holly Forest
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This association comprises coastal oak-holly forests of the Northeast. This forest occurs on mesic, moderately well-drained silts and sandy loams in low areas on the landscape that are sheltered from direct maritime influences. Canopy dominants include Quercus velutina, Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Acer rubrum, and Nyssa sylvatica. Ilex opaca is abundant in the subcanopy. Other associated species that occur at low cover include Amelanchier canadensis, Sassafras albidum, and Quercus alba. Shrubs are common and include Vaccinium corymbosum, Hamamelis virginiana, Viburnum recognitum, and Kalmia latifolia. Vines are common but not usually abundant, and include such species as Toxicodendron radicans, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Smilax rotundifolia, Smilax glauca, and Vitis spp. Characteristic herbs include Trientalis borealis, Carex swanii, and Thelypteris noveboracensis.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: No Data Available
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: This coastal oak-holly forest is dominated by Quercus velutina, Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Acer rubrum, and Nyssa sylvatica. Ilex opaca is abundant in the subcanopy. Other associated species that occur at low cover include Amelanchier canadensis, Sassafras albidum, and Quercus alba. Shrubs are common and include Vaccinium corymbosum, Hamamelis virginiana, Viburnum recognitum, and Kalmia latifolia. Vines are common but not usually abundant, and include such species as Toxicodendron radicans, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Smilax rotundifolia, Smilax glauca, and Vitis spp. Characteristic herbs include Trientalis borealis, Carex swanii, and Thelypteris noveboracensis.
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This forest occurs on mesic, moderately well-drained silts and sandy loams in low areas on the landscape that are sheltered from direct maritime influences. There are often small-scale wetter depressions within low plateaus occupied by this association.
Geographic Range: This coastal oak / holly forest occurs from Massachusetts discontinuously to Delaware inland.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: DE, MA, NJ, NY, RI
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.683341
Confidence Level: Low
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: GNR
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.9 Pitch Pine - oak spp. - American Holly North Atlantic Forest Macrogroup | M525 | 1.B.2.Na.9 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.9.b Black Oak - American Beech - Pitch Pine Coastal Plain Forest Group | G894 | 1.B.2.Na.9.b |
| Alliance | A4209 Black Oak - Southern Red Oak - Pitch Pine Coastal Plain Forest Alliance | A4209 | 1.B.2.Na.9.b |
| Association | CEGL006378 Black Oak / American Holly Forest | CEGL006378 | 1.B.2.Na.9.b |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: ? CNE Mesic hardwood Forest on acidic bedrock / till (Rawinski 1984a)
? Maritime forest (Rawinski 1984a)
? Oak, Beech, Mixed Dicot - Holly Maritime Strand Forest (Greller 1977)
? Southern New England oak / pine forest on sandy / gravelly soils (Rawinski 1984a)
? Maritime forest (Rawinski 1984a)
? Oak, Beech, Mixed Dicot - Holly Maritime Strand Forest (Greller 1977)
? Southern New England oak / pine forest on sandy / gravelly soils (Rawinski 1984a)
- Breden, T. F. 1989. A preliminary natural community classification for New Jersey. Pages 157-191 in: E. F. Karlin, editor. New Jersey''s rare and endangered plants and animals. Institute for Environmental Studies, Ramapo College, Mahwah, NJ. 280 pp.
- Breden, T. F., Y. R. Alger, K. S. Walz, and A. G. Windisch. 2001. Classification of vegetation communities of New Jersey: Second iteration. Association for Biodiversity Information and New Jersey Natural Heritage Program, Office of Natural Lands Management, Division of Parks and Forestry, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Trenton.
- Coxe, R. 2009. Guide to Delaware vegetation communities. Spring 2009 edition. State of Delaware, Division of Fish and Wildlife, Delaware Natural Heritage Program, Smyrna.
- Eastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Boston, MA.
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- Greller, A. M. 1977. A classification of mature forests on Long Island, New York. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 104:376-382.
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- Rawinski, T. 1984a. Natural community description abstract - southern New England calcareous seepage swamp. Unpublished report. The Nature Conservancy, Boston, MA. 6 pp.
- Swain, P. C., and J. B. Kearsley. 2014. Classification of the natural communities of Massachusetts. Version 2.0. Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program, Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. Westborough, MA. [http://www.mass.gov/nhesp/http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/dfg/dfw/natural-heritage/natural-communities/classification-of-natural-communities.html]