Print Report
CEGL004443 Juniperus virginiana - Ulmus alata / Schizachyrium scoparium Woodland
Type Concept Sentence: No Data Available
Common (Translated Scientific) Name: Eastern Red-cedar - Winged Elm / Little Bluestem Woodland
Colloquial Name: Southern Piedmont Basic Rocky Woodland
Hierarchy Level: Association
Type Concept: This woodland occurs on steep rock outcrops of mafic rock and calcareous mudstone in the North Carolina and southern Virginia Piedmont. The open canopy is dominated by Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana and Ulmus alata, with Acer rubrum var. rubrum and Pinus virginiana sharing dominance in those occurrences in which they are present. Oak species typically do not share dominance in this type. Other woody species include Chionanthus virginicus, Carya glabra, Fraxinus americana, Quercus rubra var. rubra, Quercus montana, Quercus nigra, Carya ovata, Carya pallida, Celtis occidentalis, Ostrya virginiana, Rhus copallinum, Vaccinium arboreum, Vaccinium pallidum, and Diospyros virginiana. The herbaceous stratum is usually dominated by Schizachyrium scoparium, although some of the Virginia stands are dominated by Carex pensylvanica and/or Danthonia spicata. Other common species in the herbaceous stratum include Asclepias verticillata, Symphyotrichum dumosum var. dumosum, Asplenium platyneuron var. platyneuron, Bignonia capreolata, Campsis radicans, Cheilanthes lanosa, Cheilanthes tomentosa, Commelina erecta var. erecta, Danthonia sericea, Danthonia spicata, Dichanthelium depauperatum, Dichanthelium laxiflorum, Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon, Euphorbia corollata, Gamochaeta purpurea, Gelsemium sempervirens, Heuchera americana, Hypericum gentianoides, Hypericum hypericoides ssp. multicaule, Lespedeza virginica, Nuttallanthus canadensis, Oxalis dillenii, Packera spp., Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana, Selaginella rupestris, Sedum glaucophyllum, Sorghastrum nutans, and Vitis rotundifolia.
Diagnostic Characteristics: No Data Available
Rationale for Nominal Species or Physiognomic Features: No Data Available
Classification Comments: Common name changed from Uwharrie Mountains Southern Piedmont Mafic Red-cedar Woodland. Nine Virginia plots that have consistently formed a discrete group in several regional classifications were assessed by Mike Schafale (pers. comm.) as being consistent with this association.
Similar NVC Types: No Data Available
note: No Data Available
Physiognomy and Structure: No Data Available
Floristics: The open canopy is dominated by Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana and Ulmus alata, with Acer rubrum var. rubrum and Pinus virginiana sharing dominance in those occurrences in which they are present. Oak species typically do not share dominance in this type. Other woody species include Chionanthus virginicus (= var. virginicus), Carya glabra, Fraxinus americana, Quercus rubra var. rubra, Quercus montana (= Quercus prinus), Quercus nigra, Carya ovata, Carya pallida, Celtis occidentalis, Ostrya virginiana, Rhus copallinum, Vaccinium arboreum, Vaccinium pallidum, and Diospyros virginiana. The herbaceous stratum is usually dominated by Schizachyrium scoparium, although some of the Virginia stands are dominated by Carex pensylvanica and/or Danthonia spicata. Other common species in the herbaceous stratum include Asclepias verticillata, Symphyotrichum dumosum var. dumosum (= Aster dumosus var. dumosus), Asplenium platyneuron var. platyneuron, Bignonia capreolata, Campsis radicans, Cheilanthes lanosa, Cheilanthes tomentosa, Commelina erecta var. erecta, Danthonia sericea, Danthonia spicata, Dichanthelium depauperatum, Dichanthelium laxiflorum, Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon, Euphorbia corollata, Gamochaeta purpurea, Gelsemium sempervirens, Heuchera americana, Hypericum gentianoides, Hypericum hypericoides ssp. multicaule, Lespedeza virginica, Nuttallanthus canadensis, Oxalis dillenii, Packera spp., Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana (= Polypodium polypodioides var. michauxianum), Sedum glaucophyllum, Selaginella rupestris, Sorghastrum nutans, and Vitis rotundifolia. Species richness of nine plot-sampled Virginia stands ranges from 18 to 62 taxa per 100 m2 (mean = 41).
Dynamics: No Data Available
Environmental Description: This woodland occurs on steep rock outcrops of mafic rock and calcareous mudstone or siltstone in the North Carolina and southern Virginia Piedmont. Nine plot-sampled Virginia stands occupy middle- to upper-slope outcrops with a mean aspect of 281° (west-facing) and a mean slope inclination of 35°. These sites have about 70% surface substrate cover of exposed bedrock, and soils have moderately high levels of calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum.
Geographic Range: This woodland occurs on steep mafic and calcareous sedimentary rock outcrops in the North Carolina and southern Virginia Piedmont.
Nations: US
States/Provinces: NC, VA
Plot Analysis Summary:
http://vegbank.org/natureserve/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.683173
Confidence Level: Moderate
Confidence Level Comments: No Data Available
Grank: G2
Greasons: No Data Available
| Type | Name | Database Code | Classification Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class | 1 Forest & Woodland Class | C01 | 1 |
| Subclass | 1.B Temperate & Boreal Forest & Woodland Subclass | S15 | 1.B |
| Formation | 1.B.2 Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland Formation | F008 | 1.B.2 |
| Division | 1.B.2.Na Eastern North American Forest & Woodland Division | D008 | 1.B.2.Na |
| Macrogroup | 1.B.2.Na.1 White Oak - Southern Red Oak - Shortleaf Pine Forest & Woodland Macrogroup | M016 | 1.B.2.Na.1 |
| Group | 1.B.2.Na.1.a White Oak - Southern Red Oak - Water Oak Forest Group | G165 | 1.B.2.Na.1.a |
| Alliance | A3274 White Ash - Pignut Hickory - Eastern Red-cedar Piedmont-Appalachian Woodland Alliance | A3274 | 1.B.2.Na.1.a |
| Association | CEGL004443 Eastern Red-cedar - Winged Elm / Little Bluestem Woodland | CEGL004443 | 1.B.2.Na.1.a |
Concept Lineage: No Data Available
Predecessors: No Data Available
Obsolete Names: No Data Available
Obsolete Parents: No Data Available
Synonomy: < Low-Elevation Basic Outcrop Barren (Fleming and Coulling 2001)
- Fleming, G. P. 2002b. Preliminary classification of Piedmont & Inner Coastal Plain vegetation types in Virginia. Natural Heritage Technical Report 02-14. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond. 29 pp.
- Fleming, G. P., K. D. Patterson, and K. Taverna. 2017. The natural communities of Virginia: A classification of ecological community groups and community types. Third approximation. Version 3.0. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, VA. [http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/natural-communities/]
- Fleming, G. P., and K. D. Patterson. 2003. Preliminary vegetation classification for the National Capitol Region parks. Regional (VA-WVA-MD-DC) analysis prepared for NatureServe and USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program, March 2003. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond.
- Fleming, G. P., and K. D. Patterson. 2009a. A vegetation classification for the Appalachian Trail: Virginia south to Georgia. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage. In-house analysis, March 2009.
- Fleming, G. P., and K. D. Patterson. 2009b. Classification of selected Virginia montane wetland groups. In-house analysis, December 2009. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond.
- Fleming, G. P., and P. P. Coulling. 2001. Ecological communities of the George Washington and Jefferson national forests, Virginia. Preliminary classification and description of vegetation types. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, VA. 317 pp.
- Peet, R. K., T. R. Wentworth, M. P. Schafale, and A.S. Weakley. No date. Unpublished data of the North Carolina Vegetation Survey. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
- Schafale, M. P. 2012. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina, 4th Approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Schafale, M. P., and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina. Third approximation. North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh. 325 pp.
- Schafale, Mike P. Personal communication. Ecologist, North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of Parks and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh.
- Southeastern Ecology Working Group of NatureServe. No date. International Ecological Classification Standard: International Vegetation Classification. Terrestrial Vegetation. NatureServe, Durham, NC.