Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units Program: Vermont
Education, Research and Technical Assistance for Managing Our Natural Resources

Over the past decade, a large percentage (~ 30%) of Brown Bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) on Lake Memphremagog have been observed with an unusual "black skin pigmentation", which have been identified as either melanistic lesions or melanomas. Potential hypotheses regarding the risk factors associated with these lesions include exposure to environmental contaminants, genetics, viruses, and interactions of these stressors. One hypothesis is that these melanistic lesions is the result of above normal concentrations of contaminants of emerging concern (e.g., pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and industrial and household compounds ) introduced to waterbodies from wastewater runoff and landfill leachate. This is especially concerning since Lake Memphremagog is a source of drinking water for approximately 175000 Canadians. The researchers are collaborating with the Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department, University of Vermont, and the U.S. Geological Survey on this project. The researchers will use bioinformatics to ascertain if there is a relationship between brown bullhead genetics and stressors such as water quality and sample location. This research may help managers to identify the source for the melanistics lesions and take preventative measures to prevent any contamination in the future.